4. India is one of the ancient civilizations in the
world. It has achieved multi-faceted socio-
economic progress during the last five
decades. It has moved forward displaying
remarkable progress in the field of
agriculture, industry, technology and overall
economic development. India has also
contributed significantly to the making of
world history.
9. The land mass of India has an area of 3.28
million square meter.
India has 2.4 % of total land area of the world.
India is the seventh largest country of the
World.
It has a boundary of about 15200 km
Including Andaman and Nicobar islands and
Lakshadweep.
10. The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the
mainland is about 30˚. Despite this fact the east-
west extent appears to be smaller than the north-
south extent.
From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a
time lag of two hours. Hence, time along the
Standard Meridian of India (82˚30`E) passing
through Mirzapur(in Uttar Pradesh) is taken as the
standard time for the whole country . The latitudinal
extent influences the duration of the day and night,
as one moves from south to north.
LATITUDINAL AND LONGITUDINAL
11. Geography
India has the second largest population on earth with just over
15% of the worlds population, located on 1.2 million square miles
The Himalayan Mountains separate India from much of the rest of
Asia and China
India is basically a peninsula, with the Arabian Sea on the west,
the Bay of Bengal on the east, and the Indian Ocean to the south
Rivers flow through India making the land fertile for robust crop
growth
Situated on the banks of the river Ganges, Varanasi and
Haridwar are considered by all Hindus to be the holiest cities in Hinduism
Many Hindus believe that the water from the Ganges river can
cleanse a person's soul of all past sins, and that it can also cure the ill,
and is the most important river in India
12. Great civilizations flourished along the rivers,
mountains, plains, and deserts in ancient India
13. Agriculture is India’s largest industry, involving 2/3 of the
population
Major crops are rice, cotton, spices, sugarcane, tea, and
many others
India accounts for 10% of the worlds fruit population
India more produces mangos, papayas, and bananas than
any other country
Spices are commonly used in India, curry being one of the
most popular, blending several spices into a mix that creates the
famous intense flavor
14. Mining in India is an important economic activity which
contributes significantly to the economy of India
Mining in India is an important economic activity which
contributes significantly to the economy of India
The main mining products of India are iron ore, bauxite, copper
ore, limestone, and petroleum
Iron ore is found all over India
Flint was known and exploited by the inhabitants
of the Indus Valley Civilization by the 3rdmillennium BCE
15. There were and still are four seasons in India Spring (February-
March) Summer (March-mid June) Monsoon (mid June-mid October)
Winter (mid October-January)
People of ancient India lived in extreme conditions
April and May are the hottest months of the year
Temperatures rising to 50 C in some parts of the country.
Summer monsoons are when most of the rain comes in
If monsoon season comes late then the agriculture fails
16. The rainfall in India is unpredictable, there can be long
droughts and intense floods
In winter months the temperature can get as low as -5 C
18. It begins from the Himalayas
The water in river is clear and cold and a great source to drink from
It gets slower and deeper as it moves to the valley making it easy to
collect water
In Summer, monsoon rains add more water to the river
It meets another river, the Ganges at last
The land where two rivers meet, is good for farming and they farmed
in the area
It is one of the major rivers of Asia
The name of river means ‘son of Brahma” in Sanskrit
It is about 1800 miles (2900km)
19. Triangular-shaped place between two mountain ranges
It has different kinds of lands
One of the large plateaus in India
It has rocks that were from 600 million years ago
It is quite dry and the monsoon rains gives most of the water
There are three types of soil : Black, Yellow, Red
Black soil contains a lot of iron and it is good for growing cotton
The yellow and red soils are lack of some minerals
Some farmers have hard time growing plants in the yellow and red
soils so it isn’t an ideal spot for farming
20. One of the major rivers of the Indian Subcontinent
It is 1560 miles (2510km)
It is decided as India’s National River
It starts from Himalayas
It contains some of the most fertile farmland in the world
It can flood and kill the crops when it is rainy season
It has a good water supply because of melting ice
The river receives about 25~60 inches of rain a year
21. It is located on the northern border of India
They are the highest mountain range in the world
It is about 5 and a half miles tall
The name of mountains mean “home of snows”
The peaks are always covered with ice and snow
Mountain Everest and K-2 are part of Himalaya mountains
It gets slightly taller every year
It causes earthquakes and landslides common in the area
Some of the major rivers in the world starts in the Himalayas
22. This river also begins from the Himalaya mountains
The water is provided from the melting snow and ice
Many types of fish live in the river and are good to eat
People catch fish and shrimps to sell and eat
It has one of the best farmland in the world
The river is often compared to the Nile river because both of them
are important source of water
It is about 1976miles (3180km)
The land beside the river is fertile
The name of the river means “lion river”
23. The Thar Desert is located in northern India
It is mostly made of sand and stone
The heat is sometimes unbearable
There are barely plants growing in the area
Rain is rare in the desert
Dusty storms and sand storms occur often
Water is unique and precious in Thar desert
There are a lot of animals and birds witch made good game
There are about 45 types of lizards and snakes