Final Year Project | Teelecommunication Engineering | IT Telkom | Bandung

1. PERANCANGAN SOLUSI TEKNOLOGI BERBASIS
SATELIT UNTUK MENJAGA DAN MEMBANGUN
PULAU-PULAU TERLUAR INDONESIA
a Final Year Project by
Uun Ainurrofiq
111070126
Telco Engineering - Institut Teknologi Telkom
1st Advisor : Miftadi Sudjai, Ir. M.Sc., M.Phil.
2nd Advisor : Sholekan ST.

2. INDONESIA : The Beautiful Archipelagic Country

3. The biggest archipelago in the globe
17.504 Islands --> 7.870 named + 9.634 unnamed
[Data : Depertemen Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia]

4. The far and outermost island
• Adjacent directly with our neighboring country
Australia, Malaysia, Singapura, India, Thailand,
Vietnam, Filipina, Papua Nugini, and Timor Leste.
• UNCLOS-III (United Nations Convention On the Law Of
the Sea) 1982, ratified by Indonesia in Undang-undang
No. 17 tahun 1985. Chapter47 Verse 1 UNCLOS,
“Archipelagic country may take archipelagic baseline to
measure its water territory from the outermost point
to decide The Sea Territory, Additional Zone, Exclusive
Economic Zone (ZEE), and Continent Base.“

5. The far and outermost island

6. The far and outermost island

7. Satellite : The Rising Solution

8. Satellite : Global Coverage

9. Research Objectives
1. Understanding the special character of
communication needs in the outermost
island
2. Designing the concept of satellite based
communication facility project.
3. Calculating the technical and economic
recommendation of the project.

10. Problem Limitation
1. Designed for small island with area size < 2000 km2 and has
geographic coordinate which connect the base line
2. In this condition, the use of conventional terrestrial infrastructure
is not effective. Therefore, we calculate the design of pure satellite
based. However, if it will be implemented in other area which has
existing terestrial network, that factor must be taken in to
account.
3. Using Telkom 2 Satellite with GEO Orbit
4. Economic Analysis only cover CAPEX, OPEX and Total Project Cost
for certain given time. We not calculate the NPV, IRR etc because
the population are not economically capable yet. The project is
proposed to be funded by the UASF / USO
5. Design and Technical calculation is limited to satellite
infrastructure. Content enrichment and post-instalation follow up
merely discussed up to the conceptual brief.

11. Research Work Flow

12. Needs
Outermost
Island
National
Defense
Education
and
Technology
Health Care
and Disaster
Management
Economy
and Welfare

13. Solution Model
#1. Outermost islands node mapping

14. #2. Setting the priority islands

15. #3. Proposed Network Architecture
Hub : Cibinong
(106.94 BT ; 6.45 LS ; 130m dpl).
Remote : Miangas
(5.567 LU,126.567 BT).

16. #4. Space Segment Configuration
Frequency Band Uplink (GHz) Downlink (GHz)
C-Band 5.925 - 6.425 3.700 - 4.200
Ext- C-Band 6.725 - 7.025 4.500 - 4.800
Ku-Band 14.000 -14.500 10.950 - 11.700
Frequency Advantages Weakness
C-Band
· Available Worldwide
· Tahan dari redaman hujan
Rain attenuation (0,4 to 1 dB)
· Antena berukuran relatif lebih besar
· Rentan terhadap interferensi dari
terrestrial microwave dan adjacent
satellite
Ku-Band
· Kapasitas relatif besar
· Antena berukuran relatif lebih
kecil (0,6 – 1,8 m)
· Rentan dari redaman hujan Attenuation
range (6 to 10 dB)
· Availability terbatas (faktor regional)

17. #5. Satellite Parameter
Parameter Satelit Telkom 2
Nama Telkom 2
Owner PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk
Pabrik Orbital Sciences USA
Peluncur ArianeSpace Perancis
Longitude 118 BT
Coverage ASEAN India Guam
Kapasitas 24 Transponder C Band
BW Transponder 36 MHz
Frekuensi Uplink 3700 - 4200 MHz
Frekuensi Downlink 5850 - 6400 MHz
EIRP 39 – 42 dBW
SFD 88 – 105 dBW
G/T -1.4 - 2.7 dB/K
Pad 0 - 22 dB
IBO/OBO 6/4 dB
TWTA Power 39 Watt
Telkom 2 Coverage Footprint

18. #6. Ground Segment Configuration
Hub : Cibinong
(106.94 BT ; 6.45 LS)
130m asl
Remote : Miangas
(5.567 LU,126.567 BT)
Satelite : Telkom 2
118 BT

19. #6. Power Supply
PLN
Generator
Solar Cell
Micro Hydro

20. #7. Funding Scheme
Source of Universal Access and Service Funds
(UASF) for Rural Area
Govermmenet Budget
(APBN)
 IndustrialSupport
(in Indonesia 1.25 % of Company Gross Profit)
 Regulation Activity
(license competition, frequency spectrum auction etc)
 International Donor
(ex. World Bank)

21. #7. Funding Scheme

22. #8. Post-Installation

24. Data Traffic Estimation
Manufacturers and Internet VSAT Service Providers (ISPs)
use the following assumptions as conventions for Internet
Traffic [Intelsat Handbook]
. Most of the traffic is browsing traffic.
. Of the registered users, only 10 percent are logged-in at any given time,
. Of the logged-in users only 20 percent are active at any given time, and
most of these are reading received information or performing other short
term tasks,
. The inbound to outbound traffic ratio is1/10.
. For browsing purposes, a minimum throughput of 9.6 kbit/s is required
for the inbound channel.

25. Data Traffic Estimation

26. 0
200
400
600
20 100 250 640 673 1436
Bandwidth(kbps)
BW Received/User
512/128 kbps (OBR 1:8)
BW Max
BW Min
Treshold Atas (512
kbps)
0
100
200
300
Bandwidth(kbps)
BW Received/User
256/64 kbps (OBR 1:8)
BW Max
BW Min
Treshold Atas (256
kbps)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Bandwidth(kbps)
BW Received/User
256/64 kbps (OBR 1:4)
BW Max
BW Min
Treshold Atas (256
kbps)
Treshold Bawah
(9.6 kbps)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
20 100 250 640 673 1436
Bandwidth(kbps)
BW Received/User
256/64 kbps (OBR 1:2)
BW Max
BW Min
Treshold Atas (256
kbps)
Treshold Bawah (9.6
kbps)
Data Traffic Estimation

27. Analisa Tabel
Tabel 1 : Bandwidth 256/64 kbps (OBR 1:8)
Pada saat peak, di Pulau Marampit yang berpenduduk 1436, bandwidth yang diterima hanya 5.57
kbps. Dibawah standar minimum browsing yaitu 9.6 kbps.
Tabel 2 : Bandwidth 512/128 kbps (OBR 1:8)
Tabel 3 : Bandwidth 256/64 kbps (OBR 1:4)
Tabel 4 : Bandwidth 256/64 kbps (OBR 1:2)
Pada ketiganya bandwidth minimum tercapai di semua pulau saat peak time. Selanjutnya
dibandingkan efektifitas penerimaan bandwidth maksimum. Tabel 2 menunjukkan level penerimaan
yang lebih tinggi di tiap pulaunya (up to 512kbps). Kurva Bandwidth juga lebih gemuk, hal ini
menunjukkan probabilitas penerimaan bandwidth yang lebih besar.Selain itu ditinjau dari sisi harga
bandwidth 512/128 OBR 1:8 lebih ekonomis.
Harga PC24
Bandwidth OB Ratio Harga
256/64 1:8 Rp. 3300.000
256/64 1:4 Rp. 7040.000
256/64 1:2 Rp. 8140.000
512/128 1:8 Rp. 4000.000

28. Voice Traffic Estimation
Tabel 4.2 Perhitungan Trafik Dasar Layanan Voice
BHCA : 3 / subsc / BH
Call Duration : 5 menit = 300 sec
Activity Factor : 0.4
Trafik/subsc (A) : (BHCA x Call Duration x Activity Factor) / 3600
: (3 x 300 x 0.4 )/3600 = 0.1 Erlang
Blocking Probability : 2 % (syarat umum layanan voice program USO)
Jumlah Kanal : 2 (dihitung dengan table Erlang B)

29. INBOUND : Modulation & Coding
Mod & Coding BW Capacity Link Status Power Capacity
BPSK 1/3 16 OK 108
BPSK 1/2 24 OK 108
BPSK 3/4 36 OK 108
QPSK 1/3 32 OK 108
QPSK 1/2 48 OK 108
QPSK 3/4 73 OK 108
8PSK 1/3 48 Over Budget 108
8PSK 1/2 73 Over Budget 108
8PSK 3/4 109 OK 108
16 APSK 1/3 65 Over Budget 108
16 APSK 1/2 97 Over Budget 108
16 APSK 3/4 146 Over Budget 108

30. Inbound : Link Budget Calculation

31. OUTBOND : Modulation & Coding
Mod & Coding BW Capacity Link Status Power Capacity
BPSK 1/3 16 OK 20
BPSK 1/2 24 OK 20
BPSK 3/4 36 OK 20
QPSK 1/3 32 OK 20
QPSK 1/2 48 OK 20
QPSK 3/4 73 OK 20
8PSK 1/3 48 OK 20
8PSK 1/2 73 OK 20
8PSK 3/4 109 OK 20
16 APSK 1/3 65 Over Budget 20
16 APSK 1/2 97 Over Budget 20
16 APSK 3/4 146 Over Budget 20

32. Outbound : Link Budget Calculation

33. Resume : Proposed Specification
Spesifikasi Layanan
a. Type : VSAT-IP
b. Frekuensi : C Band
c. Bandwidth : 512/128 ; OBR 1:8
d. Overbooking Ratio : 1/8
e. Aplikasi : VoIP (5.3 - 64 kbps) Codec G.723.1 ACELP.
Data (up to 512 kbps)
Modulasi & Coding : Inbound (16APSK FEC ¾) Outbound (BPSK FEC 1/2)
f. Perangkat : 1 unit VSAT Set, 3 unit PC Set + headset , Modem
g. Catu Daya : PLN (priority) / Diesel / Solar Panel / Micro Hydro
h. Site Building : disediakan oleh Pemda setempat
i. Availability : 24 Jam / On Demand (conditional)
j. Fungsionalitas : E Education, Pos Komunikasi Militer, E Mail, E Commerce, News,
Start Up Banking.

34. CAPEX : Capital Expenditure
Keterangan Item
Biaya
Jumlah SUBTOTAL
Rupiah (Rp) USD ($)
VSAT Remote Station
diameter 1,8 m untuk C Band VSAT Antenna $ 1,050 26 Rp 256,620,000
amplifier 2 watt ODU $ 775 26 Rp 189,410,000
modem, BUC IDU $ 775 26 Rp 189,410,000
Perangkat Akses 26 Rp -
3 PC / site PC Set Rp 5,000,000 78 Rp 390,000,000
Power Supply 26 Rp -
Listrik PLN Stabilizer Rp 200,000 16 Rp 3,200,000
Diesel Genset 6 KVA Rp 5,000,000 5 Rp 25,000,000
telkomsel merah putih 6 panel@3jt +
inverter n baterai 6jt
Solar Panel Rp 24,000,000
5 Rp 120,000,000
perlengkapan tambahan (kabel,
klem, mur, papan, landasan dll)
Special Items Rp 1,000,000
26 Rp 26,000,000
10% dari total cost perangkat Sparepart Rp 500,000 $ 260 26 Rp 76,544,000
data PT LinkNet Site Instalation $ 1,500 26 Rp 366,600,000
Staff Training Rp 2,000,000 26 Rp 52,000,000
data PT PC24 Transportasi Rp 20,000,000 26 Rp 520,000,000
Total Cost Rp 2,214,784,000
Jumlah Node 26
Average CAPEX/node Rp 85,184,000

35. Keterangan Item
Biaya
Jumlah SUBTOTAL
Rupiah (Rp) USD ($)
tarif PT PC 24 Sewa Bandwidth 512/128 Rp 4,000,000
26 Rp 114,000,000
Operation and Maintenance
Rp 1,000,000
26 Rp 26,000,000
User Education
Rp 1,500,000
26 Rp 39,000,000
Staff (operator 2 orang)
Rp 1,200,000
26 Rp 31,200,000
Administratif & Dokumentasi
Rp 300,000
26 Rp 7,800,000
Jumlah Rp 8,000,000 Rp 208,000,000
OPEX/node/bln Total Cost
OPEX : Operatioal Expenditure

36. Total Project Cost
CAPEX OPEX
Rp 85,184,000 Rp 8,000,000
Node 26 26
Frekuensi 1 12
Tahun-1 Rp 2,214,784,000 Rp 2,496,000,000
Tahun-2 Rp 2,496,000,000
Tahun-3 Rp 2,496,000,000
Tahun-4 Rp 2,496,000,000
Tahun-5 Rp 2,496,000,000
Sub Total Rp 2,214,784,000 Rp 12,480,000,000
Total Rp 14,694,784,000
*calculated for 5 years

37. Conclusion
The proposed technology solution for outermost island is VSAT Network because of its wide
coverage covers entire Indonesia
 From the 92 islands, the project take 26 island in priority which consist of 21 island inhabited + 5
outermost island
 From the calculation, we recommend a service with 512/128 kbps bandwidth, Overbooking ratio
1:8.
 Link budget for Inbound (Miangas-Cibinong) using 8PSK Modulation & FEC ¾ shows a good result
with C/Ntotal (20.57 dB) > C/Nreq (19.65), Eb/Nosys (17.39dB) > Eb/Noreq (16dB) with 1.39 dB margin.
 Link budget for Outbound (Cibinong-Miangas) using BPSK Modulation & FEC 1/2 also shows a good
result C/Ntotal (20.57 dB) > C/Nreq (20.56), Eb/Nosys (20.56dB) > Eb/Noreq (16dB) wuth 10.06 dB
margin.
 Inbound link is Power Limited with maximum capacity of 108 carriers whereas the Outbound link is
Power Limited with maximum capacity of 20 carriers.
 Total Project Cost needed is Rp 14.694.784.000,00 with the amount of CAPEX 2.214.784.000,00 and
OPEX Rp 12.480.000.000,00.

38. Suggestions for Further Project
Usage of more accurate field data may enhance the precision of
this plan
Since every island is unique, specific plan to cater each character
is needed
Include more link budget parameter

39. Terimakasih…

41. Traffic Equation

42. Antenna Type

43. Integrated Communication System
News Gathering

44. LBC Equation
G = 4π Ae / λ²
G = 4π η A / λ²
G = (4π)² x η x ¼ Dmeter²/(3.10⁸/fGHz.10⁹)²
G = 20.45 + 10 log (η) +20 log (Dmeter)+ 20 log (fGHz)
EIRPSB = PT + GTx – Lfeeder – Lpointing
(FSL-) = 92.44+20log (r)+20log(fGHz)
C/Nuplink = PT + GTX – FSLup - L + G/T - k – BW (dB)
C/Ndown = EIRPsaturasi – FSLdown – L + G/T – k – BW (dB)
C/Ntotal = (C/Nup)-1 + (C/Ndown)-1 -1
C/Nreq = Eb/Noreq + (m/(1+α))
C/N = Eb/No + R/BWop
C/N = C/No -BW
G/T = G – 10 log T
Eb/No = C/Ntot + BWall – 10 log -(R)
BWop (Hz) = [(
BWall (Hz) = BWocc (1+β)
BW Capacity
Power Capacity

45. Rain Attenuation
α = aRb
•A =

46. Satellite Communication Block

47. SFD & EIRP

48. Bandwidth vs Power

49. FEC

50. Modulation Performance

51. FEC Performance

52. Satellite Technology : a rising Solution

53. Indonesian Satellite Which Serve Us Today

54. Quickbird Remote Sensing

55. Quickbird Remote Sensing

56. Quickbird Remote Sensing

57. National
Security
Education
And Science
Culture and
Tourism
Democracy
International
Relation