This presentation talks about the first commercial membranes starting in the 1960's and then moves on to discuss how membranes work and the processes required to clean them.

1. aslan
Theory of Reverse OsmosisTheory of Reverse Osmosis
MembranesMembranes

Dilute
Solution
Concentrated
Solution
Osmotic
Pressure
Dilute
Solution
Concentrated
Solution
Pressure
RO
Membrane
RO
Membrane

2. aslan
Types of Reverse OsmosisTypes of Reverse Osmosis
MembranesMembranes

First commercially available membrane wasFirst commercially available membrane was
an asymmetric Cellulose Acetate (CA)an asymmetric Cellulose Acetate (CA)
membrane (early 60’s)membrane (early 60’s)
Thin film composite (TFC) polyamideThin film composite (TFC) polyamide
membranes were an improvement on themembranes were an improvement on the
original CA membranesoriginal CA membranes

3. aslan
TFC vs. CA MembranesTFC vs. CA Membranes

Wider pH range 2 to 12 vs. 4 to 6Wider pH range 2 to 12 vs. 4 to 6
Lower operating pressure (1/2)Lower operating pressure (1/2)
Higher rejections 99% vs. 96%Higher rejections 99% vs. 96%
CA more resistant to chlorineCA more resistant to chlorine

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Feed Water ConsiderationsFeed Water Considerations

Scaling PotentialScaling Potential
- Sparingly soluble compounds (CaCO- Sparingly soluble compounds (CaCO33,,
Fe(OH)Fe(OH)33))
- Alkalinity- Alkalinity
Silt Density Index (SDI)Silt Density Index (SDI)
TurbidityTurbidity
Biological foulingBiological fouling
pHpH

5. aslan
Prevention of Scale FormationPrevention of Scale Formation

Acid additionAcid addition
Reduction of recoveryReduction of recovery
Scale inhibitor additionScale inhibitor addition
SofteningSoftening
Preventative cleaningPreventative cleaning

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SDI and Turbidity ReductionSDI and Turbidity Reduction

Media filtrationMedia filtration
Cartridge filtrationCartridge filtration
Coagulant addition prior to coarse filtrationCoagulant addition prior to coarse filtration
UltrafiltrationUltrafiltration

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Biological FoulingBiological Fouling

Chlorine additionChlorine addition
OzoneOzone
DechlorinationDechlorination
– Activated carbonActivated carbon
– Sodium MetabisulfiteSodium Metabisulfite

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System DesignSystem Design

Feed water analysisFeed water analysis
Product water requirementsProduct water requirements
Required flowRequired flow
Materials of constructionMaterials of construction
Level of instrumentationLevel of instrumentation

9. aslan
Typical Flow SchematicTypical Flow Schematic

RO
Membrane
RO
Membrane
From Pressurized
Treated Water Storage
(if using a repressurization
pump. Plug connection if
using a bladder tank for storage)
LPS
01
LPS - Low Pressure Switch
P I - Pressure Indicator
F I - Flow Indicator
To Treated
Water Storage
Water to
be Treated
P I
03
SP7500 - 1 Membrane installed
SP15000 - 2 Membranes installed
SP22500 - 3 Membranes installed
FI
01
FI
02
FI
03
P1
V3 V4
CV3
SV1
PI
02
CV2
CV1
Set @ 50 psi
CV4
CV5
SP2
SP1
230 VAC, 20A, 1Ø
2 lines, Neutral & GND
SP Series with NF membranes 1.5 Hp
SP Series with RO membranes 2 Hp
Signal From Pressure or Level Switches
Control Panel
V5 CV7
CV6
SV2
*
* Signal from feed tank can be substitued
SV3
V1
SP3
P I
04
PI
01
5044 South Service Rd., Burlington, Ontario, Canada L7L 5Y7
Tel: (905) 632-4968 Fax: (905) 632-6730
Scale:
Project :
Drawing #
Drawn by:
Rev #
Dat e:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION. DO NOT COPY
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL FROM ASLAN TECHNOLOGIES.
aslanTECHNOLOGIES
Designed by:
Approved:
File Name:Rev Description By Date
None
970501
99289
MM CW
99289I02
3System P&ID
SP Series Reverse Osmosis System
990904MMGeneral revisions1
001203MMAs built2
010217MMProper indication of SP3 location3

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System Operation & MaintenanceSystem Operation & Maintenance

Verification of pretreatment functionalityVerification of pretreatment functionality
Setup of proper system flow dynamicsSetup of proper system flow dynamics
Log operational dataLog operational data
Normalize dataNormalize data
Perform cleanings and maintenance asPerform cleanings and maintenance as
requiredrequired