I wanna share this to all dental students and colleagues. This is a simplified and concise description of the anatomical structure of a Permanent Maxillary Central Incisor.

1. MAXILLARY CENTRAL
INCISOR
Dr. Ram Simsuangco

2. Maxillary Central Incisor
- develops from 4 primary centers of formation (lobes); 3 labial lobe and 1
lingual lobe
- Widest mesiodistal dimension; generally smooth
MORPHOLOGY OF NEWLY ERUPTED CENTRAL INCISOR
 presence of mamelons
 Two shallow developmental depressions labially
 Perikymata – fine horizontal lines on the crown surface
2 basic forms: wide cervix and narrow cervix
Variations: short root, unusually long crown, shovel-shaped incisors

3. Contact Area
Mesial- incisal 3rd, very near
or approaching the incisal
angle
Distal – near the junction of
the incisal and middle 3rd

4. Labial aspect
 Crown outline is trapezoidal
 Length of crown usually greater than MD width
 Outline of crown:
 Mesial slightly convex
 Distal outline more convex
 Mesioincisal angle = sharp ; Distoincisal angle = more convex
 Incisal outline regular and straight in MD direction
 Cervical outline: semi-circular with curvature rootwise
 Root is cone-shaped, with a regularly blunt apex; root is 2 or 3 mm more longer than crown
 Root axis line of crown and root labially tends to parallel the mesial outline of the crown and
root

9. Lingual Aspect
 Crown outline is trapezoidal
 Smooth convexity at the cervical 3rd, cingulum is located off centered
towards distal
 Bet. Mesial and distal marginal ridges is a shallow concavity, the lingual
fossa
 Shovel-shaped incisors – incisors with deep lingual dossa and prominent
marginal ridges
 Linguoincisal edge is raised, in level with MRs
 There are developmental grooves extending from the cingulum to the
lingual fossa
 Crown and root taper lingually
 Root surface on lingual is narrower than labially

12. Mesial Aspect
 Crown is triangular or wedge-shaped
 Root axis line bisect incisal ridge and root apex, Incisal ridge is in line
with center of the root
 Crest of curvature at the cervical 3rd – greatest labiolingual
measurement
 CEJ curves incisally to a noticeable degree than any of the tooth in
the mouth
 Root is cone-shaped, apex is usually bluntly rounded

15. Distal Aspect
 Similar to mesial; except crown is thicker toward incisal
3rd
 Less curvature of CEJ
 Most teeth turned a little on their root bases, in order to
adapt to the curvature of the dental arch, creating an
illusion of greater thickness on the distal

16. Incisal Aspect
 Labial surface is relatively broad and flat especially towards
the incisal 3rd
 Cervical portion of crown is convex, arc is described as
broad
 Incisal ridge slope toward the lingual
 Lingual outline – tapers towards the cingulum
 Cingulum off centered to the distal
 Prominent mesiolabial and distolabial line angles
 Labiolingual calibration of the crown is more than two 3rds
as great as the MD calibration