This document outlines and compares two types of synchronous machines - cylindrical rotor type and salient pole rotor type generators. It describes their construction, working principles, types, and applications. The key differences are that cylindrical rotor type generators have a smooth cylindrical rotor, uniform air gap, operate at high speeds of 1000-3000 RPM, and are used in thermal and gas turbine power plants. Salient pole rotor type generators have projecting poles, non-uniform air gap, larger diameter and operate at lower speeds of 100-500 RPM, often driven by engines.

2. Outlines:
 Introduction
 Construction
 Working principle
 Types of Synchronous Machine
 Comparison between cylindrical rotor
type generator and Salient pole rotor
type generator

3.  A synchronous machine is an AC machine whose
speed is proportional to the frequency of
armature current
 A machine which rotates at a speed fixed by the
supply frequency and the number of rotor poles
is called synchronous machine
 It always runs at synchronous or constant speed
and has no slip
 Synchronous machine includes synchronous
generators and synchronous motors

4. 2-Pole Salient Pole M/C 4-Pole Salient Pole M/C 4-Pole Cylindrical M/C

5. Cylindrical Rotor type
Synchronous Generator
Salient Pole Rotor type
Synchronous Generator

6.  A Synch. Generator consists of two main
parts;
 1) Stator and
 2) Rotor
Stator:-
 The stator is the stationary parts part of the
Synch. Generator
 It works as a armature in synchronous
machine
 The armature winding is housed in it

7. Rotor:
 Rotor is the rotating part of the synchronous
machine
 It work as a field of the synchronous machine
 Field system is rotating in the synchronous
machine
 Field winding is housed on it
 Field winding is excited by DC supply through
brushes and slip ring

8.  It works on the principle of Electromagnetic
induction
 In the synchronous generator field system is
rotating and armature winding is steady.
 Its works on principle opposite to the DC
generator
 High voltage AC output coming from the
armature terminal

9. Generators:-
Hydro-generators (Salient Pole Type):
 The Synchronous generators driven by water
turbines are known as hydro generators or
Water wheel generators
 They have rating upto 750 MW and are driven
at speeds ranging from 100 to 1000 RPM
Turbo-alternators (Cylidrical Rotor
Type or Wound Rotor Type):
 They are driven by steam turbines
 The efficiency of steam turbine is high at large
speeds, the turbo-alternators are designed for
speed upto 3000 RPM. Turbo-alternators have
ratings upto 1000MW

10. Engine Driven Generators:
 These generators are driven by different forms of
combustion engines at speed upto 1500 RPM and
rating upto 20 MW
 These generators are driven by gas turbines have
higher speeds and also higher power ratings
Motors:-
Synchronous Motors:
 Synchronous motors may be either plain synchronous
machines or synchronous induction machines
 The plain Synchronous machine with salient pole is
commonly used
 Synchronous motors have some define advantages
over induction motors and these include constant
speed operation, Power factor control and high
operating efficiency

11. - Also Synchronous motors prove to be cheaper
than induction motors for high power low
speed applications
- The applications of Synchronous machines
include constant speed drives for
compressors, blowers, low head pumps
Compensators:
- Synchronous compensators are used for
control of reactive power in power supply
networks
- They are designed for ratings upto 100 MVAr
and speed upto 3000 RPM

12. Synchronous generators are classified in two
category according to its rotor construction:
 1) Cylindrical Rotor Type
 2) Salient pole Rotor Type
Cylindrical Rotor Type:-
 This type machines are High speed machines
(1000 to 3000 RPM)
 This type machine has Small diameter and is
large axial length
 This type of machines are used in Thermal
power plant and gas turbine power plant
Where speed requires high

14. Field Pole
Field Winding

19. Damper
Windings

24. Damper Bars
Field Winding

29. Cylindrical rotor:-
 Cylindrical rotor does not have poles that are projecting out.
 The air gap between the stator and rotor is uniform.
 The smooth cylindrical rotor has small no of poles.
 Cylindrical rotors are mechanically strong.
 They have small diameters and large axial length.
 The prime movers used are steam turbines and electric motors.
 They are preferred for high speed alternators which range from
1000 to 3000 RPM

30. Salient Pole rotor:-
 Salient pole rotor does have poles that are projecting out from
surface.
 The air gap between the stator and rotor is non-uniform.
 The salient pole rotor has large no of poles.
 Saline Pole rotors are mechanically weak.
 They have large diameters and small axial length.
 The prime movers used are IC engines and law speed turbine.
 They are preferred for law speed alternators which range from
100 RPM to 500 RPM

31. Query ???

32. Thank you !