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PROJECT PRESENTATION
TOTAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT
   OF     MADGYAL VILLAGE
         In Collabration with IIT B- CTARA.

                  PRESENTED BY
 Gayatri Gurav                   Vikrant Meshram
 Purva Kulkarni                  Shridhar Kumbhar
 Snehal Kurade                   Ajit Mali

           UNDER THE GUIADANCE OF
             Prof. S. S. Kumbhar


                                Total Watershed Management   2
TOTAL
 WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT

      Total Watershed Management   3
CONTENTS
 BACKGROUND
 INTRODUCTION
 NEED
 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE
 COMPONENTS OF DESIGN
 METHODOLOGY
 RECOMMENDATION AND FUTURE
  WORK

                Total Watershed Management   4
BACKGROUND


      Total Watershed Management   5
•   Sangli is a district of Maharashtra
    State in west central India.
•   The district is situated in the river
    basins of Warna and Krishna rivers.
•   Other small rivers such as Morna,
    Yerla, Manganga, Agrani, Nani and
    Bor also flow through it.
•   Total population of Sangli district is
    28,20,575 out of which1,435,972 are
    Males and 1,384,603 are Females.

                          Total Watershed Management   6
•   Density of population-329 people per
    sq.km
•   The district is 25.51% Urban and
    74.41% Rural
•   There are 10 Talukas in the District
•   They are-Miraj, Tasgaon, Kavathe-
    Mahankal, Jat, Kanapur, Atapadi,
    Walwa, Kadegaon, Palus, Shirala
•   Co-ordinates-16º51´36´´N
•                   74º34´12´´E
•   Its Altitude is 610 MSL

                          Total Watershed Management   7
Total Watershed Management   8
Total Watershed Management   9
Map of Sangli District
                   Total Watershed Management   10
•   Literacy rate - 82.62%
      Male – 90.40%
      Female – 74.66%
•   Sex Ratio -1000:964
•   Avg rainfall of district is 425mm
•   Maximum temperature in summer
    38ºC.
•   Minimum temperature in winter
    12ºC.
•   Sangli experiences semiarid climate
    and has three distinct seasons.
                         Total Watershed Management   11
LANDUSE AND PATTERN
 Geographical area: 861000 hect.
 Cultivable area: 595600 hect
 Forest area: 47314 hect
 Land under non agricultural use:46000
  hect.
 Permanent pastures: 19094 hect.
 Cultivable waste land: 14600 hect.
 Land under miscellaneous trees crops
  and grooves: 15348 hect.

                      Total Watershed Management   12
 Barren and uncultivable land: 38800
  hect.
 Current fallows: 42985 hect.
 Other fallows: 37219 hect.




                      Total Watershed Management   13
MAJOR SOILS
 Shallow black/red soil: 389.4 hect.
 Deep black soils : 142.7 hect.
 Medium black soils: 63.4 hect.




                        Total Watershed Management   14
INTRODUCTION



       Total Watershed Management   15
What is WATERSHED MANAGEMENT:


 A watershed, also called a
 "drainage basin”, is an area in
 which all water flowing into it goes
 to a common outlet, such as the
 same river or reservoir.



                     Total Watershed Management   16
catchments

             catchments




                                         catchments
catchments



                                                                    flow
                                                                 direction

         catchments



                                                                       river


a tributary drainage line
                                          Total Watershed Management           17
an imaginary line dividing the flow directions is passing through these points




                      drainage map of the area
                                                  Total Watershed Management   18
the divide line of a drainage area




this line bounds the watershed area of the shown drainage line
                                                 Total Watershed Management   19
Features of watershed
management:

 Size and shape of watershed
 Watershed boundary
 Topography of watershed land
 Soil type
 Amount and intensity of rainfall
 Vegetative cover
 Water resource and their capabilities.

                        Total Watershed Management   20
Objectives of watershed
management
   Conservation of soil and water.

   To manage and utilize the runoff water for
    useful purpose.

   To protect, conserve and improve the land
    of watershed for more efficient and
    sustained production

   To increase infiltration of rainwater.

                               Total Watershed Management   21
   To protect and enhance the water resource
    originating in the watershed.

    To check soil erosion and to reduce the effect of
    sediment yield on the watershed.


   To improve and increase the production of
    timbers, fodder and wild life resource.

   To enhance the ground water recharge,
    wherever applicable


                                Total Watershed Management   22
Control measures:-
   Engineering measures ( Structural
    practices)
    1. Contour bunding
    2. Terracing
    3. Construction of earthen
    embankment
    4. Construction of check dams
    5. Construction of farm ponds
    6. Construction of diversion
    7. Gully controlling structure
                        Total Watershed Management   23
CASE STUDY:
 Village Wankute is located high in
  Sahyadri mountain range of
  Maharashtra.
 It was dry and nearly barren place in
  1990 and water was supplied with the
  help of tankers.
 Problem was, the rainfall was limited.
 With the help of one NGO, they
  implemented various techniques of
  WSM like construction of bunds,
  checkdams,vegetation,plantation.
                       Total Watershed Management   24
   Now, water table has increased, no need
    of tankers.
   Overall employment increased.
   All types of crops can be cultivated.
   No shortage of potable water and no
    waterborne diseases.
   Built new community hall,2 schools,
    public health center etc.
   WSM have contributed to overall
    development of village very well.

                          Total Watershed Management   25
NEED



   Total Watershed Management   26
NEED OF WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT IN MADGYAL
 The precipitation intensity and
  characteristic vary drastically in Sangli
  district.
 In the parts of Krishna river basin and
  vicinity the rainfall statistics are
  comparatively good and enough to
  recharge major catchment.
 On the contrary, the eastern region is
  more drought prone and is
  consistently under water scarce
  condition.
                         Total Watershed Management   27
MADGYAL
 Madgyal is a village in Jath Taluka,
  district Sangli.
 Coordinates are Latitude 17°02’56.94” N
                   Longitude 75° 13’8.14” E
 It is 21.8 km away from taluka main town
  Jath.
 Area of Madgyal village is 2256
  hectares.
 Total population of Madgyal village is
  5555;male:2571,female:2264.
 Average annual rainfall
  :382.18mm(2002-2012)
                         Total Watershed Management   28
  Literacy rate of madgyal is 60.82%
 Sex ratio is 881 females per 1000
  males.
 Major occupation is sheep rearing and
  minor occupation is agriculture and
  other agro based side business.
 Total water requirement of madgyal is
  1,11,100 lit/day.

                      Total Watershed Management   29
Total Watershed Management   30
 Perrinial River flowing in the vicinity of
  madgyal is krishna (100km).
 Lakes in Jat Taluka are Birnal lake ,
  Tilahalli lake
 Lakes are not perennial hence posing
  a problem.




                          Total Watershed Management   31
 This minimum requirement of water is
  hard to be satisfied all year long.
 Water scarcity arises in the month of
  January and lasts up to may.
 These five months tend to be critical
  water shortage period .




                       Total Watershed Management   32
 The existing water supply scheme is
  driven by lake water and is not
  perennial
 There is no such existing rain water
  harvesting scheme present in the
  village.
 The water available due to rains is not
  conserved .
 The dual effect of less rain and no
  conservation has led to scarce
                        Total Watershed Management   33
 Hence there is an extreme need of
  feasible and sustainable methods of
  watershed to this village.
 Through watershed the available rain
  water can be usefully led to recharge
  resources or directly store and use it
  during the water scarcity.



                        Total Watershed Management   34
OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF
WORK
 To analyze water resources available
  in selected area.
 To know the socio-economic condition
  of people.
 To know the water demand and
  supply.
 Suggestion of watershed management
  techniques.
 Data preparation with the help of GIS.
                       Total Watershed Management   35
COMPONENTS OF DESIGN




           Total Watershed Management   36
Total Watershed Management   37
INTRODUCTION
   What is GIS?


   GIS package developed by CSRE, IIT Bombay.
   Software with modules of Map editing, Raster
    analysis, Terrain Modeling, Watershed
    delineation.




                            Total Watershed Management   38
   GIS analysis.

     GIS analysis is a procedure for looking at geographical
    patterns in our data and the releationships between its
    features .A GIS is a system of hardware, software and
    procedures to facilitate the management, manipulation,
    analysis, modelling, representation and display of
    georeferenced data to solve complex problems
    regarding planning and management of resources. All
    GIS software has been designed to handle spatial data,
    characterized by information on, connections with
    different features and details of non-spatial
    characteristics.


                                     Total Watershed Management   39
Total watershed management
Total Watershed Management   41
SCOPE OF ‘GIS’
   Total area of water flowing towards an
    outlet point (Pour point).

   Water flows in the direction of the terrain
    steepest downhill slope. Streamlines are
    orthogonal to the contour lines.

   Drainage line are found along the highest
    points of the terrain.


                              Total Watershed Management   42
Total watershed management
TOPO SHEET




             Total Watershed Management   44
METHODOLOGY
A.   Data collection
      1.   Physiographical data:
                         e.g. location, elevation, geology, drainage patterns, slope.

      2.   Land use and cover types:
                         e.g. forest, cultivated, water areas.

      3.   Climate and hydrology:
                         e.g. Precipitation, temperature, stream flow, evaporation.

      4.   Socio economic data:
                         e.g. farming type, production income education.

      5.   Institutional and culturable data:
                       e.g. farmers organization, tradition, religions.

      6.   Management needs:
                   e.g. environmental impacts, treatment need, infrastructure needs.
B. Feasibilities, Alternatives & recommendations
       Some of the techniques can be used in watershed
       management as given below:

      1.    Contour bunding
      2.    Broad beds and furrows
      3.    Artificial recharge
      4.    Check dames
      5.    Terracing
      6.    Grassland development
      7.    Tree plantation
      8.    Lift irrigation schemes
      9.    Stopping ground water flow
      10.   Storage of rain water
      11.   Connecting to other water body etc.
1. Contour bunding

• Function: To intercept the run off flowing down the
            slope by an embankment.
2. Broad beds and furrows

• Function: To control erosion and to conserve soil
              moisture in the soil during rainy days.
3. Artificial recharge
   Function : To increase ground water level so that
                it can be used in scared condition. To
                augment the ground water recharge.




                                   Percolation canal
Percolation pond
4. Check dams

   Function: To conserve water by constructing
              check dams and use it when required.
5. Bench Terracing
• Function: It helps to bring sloping land into
            different level strips to enable cultivation.
Total watershed management
Watershed Management
-Recommendation & Future Scope
Recommendation
• Analysis
         of primary data and its correlation with
the ground water data collected.

•Attractthe resources and funds to tackle priority
actions to improve watershed and lake health.

•Inform stakeholders and guide actions well into
the    future
•Securing required resources.

•Engaging stakeholder groups and the
 public on the Terms of Reference and
 obtaining their input into the Plan.

•Identifying existing data, defining data
  gaps, data collection and analysis.

•Community Consultation to identify the
 priority issues impacting water quality
 and associated mitigation measures.
Future Scope

•Solution   to expensive bulk water transfer

•Improve    predictability.

•Providing   drinking water for rural people.

•Incremental    increase in water availability.
•   Implementation, good practices, success/
    failure reasons and then related it with ground
    water data obtained.

•   Saving in time for availing domestic water
WORK DONE TO DATE
•TRAINING  WORKSHOP AT IIT B
•DATA COLLECTION
•VISIT TO JATH,MADGYAL
•WATER SAMPLE TESTING
•WORKSHOP FOR TRAINING IN QGIS.
•INITIALISATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC
SURVEY.
Total Watershed Management   61
   D:R.R. schemeJATH RAINFALL.xlsx




                      Total Watershed Management   62
Total Watershed Management   63
MEETING WITH
  TAHASILDAR,JATH
  TALUKA




Total Watershed Management   64
NEWS OF VISIT TO
  MADGYAL VILLAGE
  IN PUDHARI NEWS
  PAPER




Total Watershed Management   65
Total Watershed Management   66
Total Watershed Management   67
Total Watershed Management   68
Total Watershed Management   69
TESTING OF
  WATER SAMPLE
  TAKEN FROM SITE




Total Watershed Management   70
Total Watershed Management   71
THANK YOU



      Total Watershed Management   72

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Total watershed management

  • 2. TOTAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT OF MADGYAL VILLAGE In Collabration with IIT B- CTARA. PRESENTED BY Gayatri Gurav Vikrant Meshram Purva Kulkarni Shridhar Kumbhar Snehal Kurade Ajit Mali UNDER THE GUIADANCE OF Prof. S. S. Kumbhar Total Watershed Management 2
  • 3. TOTAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Total Watershed Management 3
  • 4. CONTENTS  BACKGROUND  INTRODUCTION  NEED  OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE  COMPONENTS OF DESIGN  METHODOLOGY  RECOMMENDATION AND FUTURE WORK Total Watershed Management 4
  • 5. BACKGROUND Total Watershed Management 5
  • 6. Sangli is a district of Maharashtra State in west central India. • The district is situated in the river basins of Warna and Krishna rivers. • Other small rivers such as Morna, Yerla, Manganga, Agrani, Nani and Bor also flow through it. • Total population of Sangli district is 28,20,575 out of which1,435,972 are Males and 1,384,603 are Females. Total Watershed Management 6
  • 7. Density of population-329 people per sq.km • The district is 25.51% Urban and 74.41% Rural • There are 10 Talukas in the District • They are-Miraj, Tasgaon, Kavathe- Mahankal, Jat, Kanapur, Atapadi, Walwa, Kadegaon, Palus, Shirala • Co-ordinates-16º51´36´´N • 74º34´12´´E • Its Altitude is 610 MSL Total Watershed Management 7
  • 10. Map of Sangli District Total Watershed Management 10
  • 11. Literacy rate - 82.62% Male – 90.40% Female – 74.66% • Sex Ratio -1000:964 • Avg rainfall of district is 425mm • Maximum temperature in summer 38ºC. • Minimum temperature in winter 12ºC. • Sangli experiences semiarid climate and has three distinct seasons. Total Watershed Management 11
  • 12. LANDUSE AND PATTERN  Geographical area: 861000 hect.  Cultivable area: 595600 hect  Forest area: 47314 hect  Land under non agricultural use:46000 hect.  Permanent pastures: 19094 hect.  Cultivable waste land: 14600 hect.  Land under miscellaneous trees crops and grooves: 15348 hect. Total Watershed Management 12
  • 13.  Barren and uncultivable land: 38800 hect.  Current fallows: 42985 hect.  Other fallows: 37219 hect. Total Watershed Management 13
  • 14. MAJOR SOILS  Shallow black/red soil: 389.4 hect.  Deep black soils : 142.7 hect.  Medium black soils: 63.4 hect. Total Watershed Management 14
  • 15. INTRODUCTION Total Watershed Management 15
  • 16. What is WATERSHED MANAGEMENT:  A watershed, also called a "drainage basin”, is an area in which all water flowing into it goes to a common outlet, such as the same river or reservoir. Total Watershed Management 16
  • 17. catchments catchments catchments catchments flow direction catchments river a tributary drainage line Total Watershed Management 17
  • 18. an imaginary line dividing the flow directions is passing through these points drainage map of the area Total Watershed Management 18
  • 19. the divide line of a drainage area this line bounds the watershed area of the shown drainage line Total Watershed Management 19
  • 20. Features of watershed management:  Size and shape of watershed  Watershed boundary  Topography of watershed land  Soil type  Amount and intensity of rainfall  Vegetative cover  Water resource and their capabilities. Total Watershed Management 20
  • 21. Objectives of watershed management  Conservation of soil and water.  To manage and utilize the runoff water for useful purpose.  To protect, conserve and improve the land of watershed for more efficient and sustained production  To increase infiltration of rainwater. Total Watershed Management 21
  • 22. To protect and enhance the water resource originating in the watershed.  To check soil erosion and to reduce the effect of sediment yield on the watershed.  To improve and increase the production of timbers, fodder and wild life resource.  To enhance the ground water recharge, wherever applicable Total Watershed Management 22
  • 23. Control measures:-  Engineering measures ( Structural practices) 1. Contour bunding 2. Terracing 3. Construction of earthen embankment 4. Construction of check dams 5. Construction of farm ponds 6. Construction of diversion 7. Gully controlling structure Total Watershed Management 23
  • 24. CASE STUDY:  Village Wankute is located high in Sahyadri mountain range of Maharashtra.  It was dry and nearly barren place in 1990 and water was supplied with the help of tankers.  Problem was, the rainfall was limited.  With the help of one NGO, they implemented various techniques of WSM like construction of bunds, checkdams,vegetation,plantation. Total Watershed Management 24
  • 25. Now, water table has increased, no need of tankers.  Overall employment increased.  All types of crops can be cultivated.  No shortage of potable water and no waterborne diseases.  Built new community hall,2 schools, public health center etc.  WSM have contributed to overall development of village very well. Total Watershed Management 25
  • 26. NEED Total Watershed Management 26
  • 27. NEED OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT IN MADGYAL  The precipitation intensity and characteristic vary drastically in Sangli district.  In the parts of Krishna river basin and vicinity the rainfall statistics are comparatively good and enough to recharge major catchment.  On the contrary, the eastern region is more drought prone and is consistently under water scarce condition. Total Watershed Management 27
  • 28. MADGYAL  Madgyal is a village in Jath Taluka, district Sangli.  Coordinates are Latitude 17°02’56.94” N Longitude 75° 13’8.14” E  It is 21.8 km away from taluka main town Jath.  Area of Madgyal village is 2256 hectares.  Total population of Madgyal village is 5555;male:2571,female:2264.  Average annual rainfall :382.18mm(2002-2012) Total Watershed Management 28
  • 29.  Literacy rate of madgyal is 60.82%  Sex ratio is 881 females per 1000 males.  Major occupation is sheep rearing and minor occupation is agriculture and other agro based side business.  Total water requirement of madgyal is 1,11,100 lit/day. Total Watershed Management 29
  • 31.  Perrinial River flowing in the vicinity of madgyal is krishna (100km).  Lakes in Jat Taluka are Birnal lake , Tilahalli lake  Lakes are not perennial hence posing a problem. Total Watershed Management 31
  • 32.  This minimum requirement of water is hard to be satisfied all year long.  Water scarcity arises in the month of January and lasts up to may.  These five months tend to be critical water shortage period . Total Watershed Management 32
  • 33.  The existing water supply scheme is driven by lake water and is not perennial  There is no such existing rain water harvesting scheme present in the village.  The water available due to rains is not conserved .  The dual effect of less rain and no conservation has led to scarce Total Watershed Management 33
  • 34.  Hence there is an extreme need of feasible and sustainable methods of watershed to this village.  Through watershed the available rain water can be usefully led to recharge resources or directly store and use it during the water scarcity. Total Watershed Management 34
  • 35. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF WORK  To analyze water resources available in selected area.  To know the socio-economic condition of people.  To know the water demand and supply.  Suggestion of watershed management techniques.  Data preparation with the help of GIS. Total Watershed Management 35
  • 36. COMPONENTS OF DESIGN Total Watershed Management 36
  • 38. INTRODUCTION  What is GIS?  GIS package developed by CSRE, IIT Bombay.  Software with modules of Map editing, Raster analysis, Terrain Modeling, Watershed delineation. Total Watershed Management 38
  • 39. GIS analysis.  GIS analysis is a procedure for looking at geographical patterns in our data and the releationships between its features .A GIS is a system of hardware, software and procedures to facilitate the management, manipulation, analysis, modelling, representation and display of georeferenced data to solve complex problems regarding planning and management of resources. All GIS software has been designed to handle spatial data, characterized by information on, connections with different features and details of non-spatial characteristics. Total Watershed Management 39
  • 42. SCOPE OF ‘GIS’  Total area of water flowing towards an outlet point (Pour point).  Water flows in the direction of the terrain steepest downhill slope. Streamlines are orthogonal to the contour lines.  Drainage line are found along the highest points of the terrain. Total Watershed Management 42
  • 44. TOPO SHEET Total Watershed Management 44
  • 46. A. Data collection 1. Physiographical data: e.g. location, elevation, geology, drainage patterns, slope. 2. Land use and cover types: e.g. forest, cultivated, water areas. 3. Climate and hydrology: e.g. Precipitation, temperature, stream flow, evaporation. 4. Socio economic data: e.g. farming type, production income education. 5. Institutional and culturable data: e.g. farmers organization, tradition, religions. 6. Management needs: e.g. environmental impacts, treatment need, infrastructure needs.
  • 47. B. Feasibilities, Alternatives & recommendations Some of the techniques can be used in watershed management as given below: 1. Contour bunding 2. Broad beds and furrows 3. Artificial recharge 4. Check dames 5. Terracing 6. Grassland development 7. Tree plantation 8. Lift irrigation schemes 9. Stopping ground water flow 10. Storage of rain water 11. Connecting to other water body etc.
  • 48. 1. Contour bunding • Function: To intercept the run off flowing down the slope by an embankment.
  • 49. 2. Broad beds and furrows • Function: To control erosion and to conserve soil moisture in the soil during rainy days.
  • 50. 3. Artificial recharge  Function : To increase ground water level so that it can be used in scared condition. To augment the ground water recharge. Percolation canal
  • 52. 4. Check dams  Function: To conserve water by constructing check dams and use it when required.
  • 53. 5. Bench Terracing • Function: It helps to bring sloping land into different level strips to enable cultivation.
  • 56. Recommendation • Analysis of primary data and its correlation with the ground water data collected. •Attractthe resources and funds to tackle priority actions to improve watershed and lake health. •Inform stakeholders and guide actions well into the future
  • 57. •Securing required resources. •Engaging stakeholder groups and the public on the Terms of Reference and obtaining their input into the Plan. •Identifying existing data, defining data gaps, data collection and analysis. •Community Consultation to identify the priority issues impacting water quality and associated mitigation measures.
  • 58. Future Scope •Solution to expensive bulk water transfer •Improve predictability. •Providing drinking water for rural people. •Incremental increase in water availability.
  • 59. Implementation, good practices, success/ failure reasons and then related it with ground water data obtained. • Saving in time for availing domestic water
  • 60. WORK DONE TO DATE •TRAINING WORKSHOP AT IIT B •DATA COLLECTION •VISIT TO JATH,MADGYAL •WATER SAMPLE TESTING •WORKSHOP FOR TRAINING IN QGIS. •INITIALISATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY.
  • 62. D:R.R. schemeJATH RAINFALL.xlsx Total Watershed Management 62
  • 64. MEETING WITH TAHASILDAR,JATH TALUKA Total Watershed Management 64
  • 65. NEWS OF VISIT TO MADGYAL VILLAGE IN PUDHARI NEWS PAPER Total Watershed Management 65
  • 70. TESTING OF WATER SAMPLE TAKEN FROM SITE Total Watershed Management 70
  • 72. THANK YOU Total Watershed Management 72