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HTML/CSS Tutorial
Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HTML Page Format <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Qi’s web! </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1> Hello World </H1> <! Rest of page goes here. This is a comment. > </BODY> </HTML>
BODY Element ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Headings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Headings <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Document Headings</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> Samples of the six heading types: <H1> Level-1 (H1) </H1> <H2 ALIGN=&quot;center&quot;> Level-2 (H2) </H2> <H3> <U>Level-3 (H3)</U> </H3> <H4 ALIGN=&quot;right&quot;> Level-4 (H4) </H4> <H5> Level-5 (H5) </H5> <H6> Level-6 (H6) </H6> </BODY> </HTML>
<P> Paragraph ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
<BODY> <P>Here is some text </P> <P ALIGN=&quot;center&quot;> Centered text </P> <P><P><P> <P ALIGN=&quot;right&quot;> Right-justified text <! Note: no closing /P tag is not a problem> </BODY>
<PRE> Preformatted Text <PRE> if (a < b) { a++; b = c * d; } else { a--; b = (b-1)/2; } </PRE>
Special Characters &nbsp; Space &quot; &quot; &amp; & &gt; > &lt; < Use Character
Colors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fonts <FONT COLOR=&quot;red&quot; SIZE=&quot;2&quot; FACE=&quot;Times Roman&quot;> This is the text of line one </FONT> <FONT COLOR=&quot;green&quot; SIZE=&quot;4&quot; FACE=&quot;Arial&quot;> Line two contains this text </FONT> <FONT COLOR=&quot;blue&quot; SIZE=&quot;6&quot; FACE=&quot;Courier&quot; The third line has this additional text </FONT> Note: <FONT> is now deprecated in favor of CSS.
Ordered (Numbered) Lists <OL TYPE=&quot;1&quot;> <LI> Item one </LI> <LI> Item two </LI> <OL TYPE=&quot;I&quot; > <LI> Sublist item one </LI> <LI> Sublist item two </LI> <OL TYPE=&quot;i&quot;> <LI> Sub-sublist item one </LI> <LI> Sub-sublist item two </LI> </OL> </OL> </OL>
Unordered (Bulleted) Lists <UL TYPE=&quot;disc&quot;> <LI> One </LI> <LI> Two </LI> <UL TYPE=&quot;circle&quot;> <LI> Three </LI> <LI> Four </LI> <UL TYPE=&quot;square&quot;> <LI> Five </LI> <LI> Six </LI> </UL> </UL> </UL>
Physical Character Styles <H1>Physical Character Styles</H1> <B>Bold</B><BR> <I>Italic</I><BR> <TT>Teletype (Monospaced)</TT><BR> <U>Underlined</U><BR> Subscripts: f<SUB>0</SUB> + f<SUB>1</SUB><BR> Superscripts: x<SUP>2</SUP> + y<SUP>2</SUP><BR> <SMALL>Smaller</SMALL><BR> <BIG>Bigger</BIG><BR> <STRIKE>Strike Through</STRIKE><BR> <B><I>Bold Italic</I></B><BR> <BIG><TT>Big Monospaced</TT></BIG><BR> <SMALL><I>Small Italic</I></SMALL><BR> <FONT COLOR=&quot;GRAY&quot;>Gray</FONT><BR> <DEL>Delete</DEL><BR> <INS>Insert</INS><BR>
Logical  Character  Styles <H1>Logical Character Styles</H1> <EM>Emphasized</EM><BR> <STRONG>Strongly Emphasized</STRONG><BR> <CODE>Code</CODE><BR> <SAMP>Sample Output</SAMP><BR> <KBD>Keyboard Text</KBD><BR> <DFN>Definition</DFN><BR> <VAR>Variable</VAR><BR> <CITE>Citation</CITE><BR> <EM><CODE>Emphasized Code</CODE></EM><BR> <FONT COLOR=&quot;GRAY&quot;><CITE>Gray Citation</CITE></FONT><BR> <ACRONYM TITLE=&quot;Java Development Kit&quot;>JDK Acronym</ACRONYM>
<A> Anchors (HyperLinks) Link to an absolute URL: If you get spam, contact <A HREF=&quot;htttp:www.microsoft.com&quot;> Microsoft </A> to report the problem. Link to a relative URL: See these <A HREF=&quot;#references&quot;> references </A> concerning our fine products. Link to a section within a URL:  Amazon provided a <A HREF=&quot;www.amazon.com/#reference&quot;> reference for our company. </A>
Naming a Section <H2> <A NAME=&quot;#references&quot;> Our References </A> </H2> Example
Hyperlinks <BODY> <H3>Welcome to <A HREF=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu&quot;> <STRONG>Computer Science</STRONG></A> at the <A HREF=&quot;www.virginia.edu&quot;>University of Virginia.</A> </H3> </BODY>
Images ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Images Words align with middle of image Middle Image is left; words align with bottom of image Bottom Image is left; words align with top of image Top Image on right edge; text flows to left Right Image on left edge; text flows to right of image Left Image/Text Placement Align= position
Images <BODY> <img src=&quot;dolphin.jpg&quot;  align=&quot;left&quot;  width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;150&quot; alt=&quot;dolphin jump!&quot;> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> You can see text wrap around it<br>   </BODY> </HTML>
ALIGN=&quot;left&quot;
ALIGN=&quot;right&quot;
ALIGN=“bottom&quot;
Tables <TABLE>  table tag <CAPTION>  optional table title <TR>  table row <TH>  table column header <TD>  table data element
Tables ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
<TABLE> Element Attributes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
<TABLE> Element Attributes BGCOLOR= color  -- background color of table, also valid  for <TR>, <TH>, and <TD> RULES= value  -- which internal lines are shown; values are  none, rows, cols, and all (default) EX:  <TABLE COLS=“40%, *,*”> <TABLE ROWS=“*,*”>
<TR> Table Row Attributes Valid for the table row: ALIGN -- left, center, right VALIGN -- top, middle, bottom BGCOLOR -- background color  <TABLE ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; WIDTH=&quot;300&quot; HEIGHT=&quot;200&quot;> <TR ALIGN=&quot;left&quot; VALIGN=&quot;top&quot; BGCOLOR=&quot;red&quot;><TD>One</TD><TD>Two</TD> <TR ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; VALIGN=&quot;middle&quot; BGCOLOR=&quot;lightblue&quot;><TD>Three</TD><TD>Four</TD> <TR ALIGN=&quot;right&quot; VALIGN=&quot;bottom&quot; BGCOLOR=&quot;yellow&quot;><TD>Five</TD><TD>Six</TD> </TABLE>
<TD> Table Cell Attributes Valid for the table cell: colspan --  how many columns this cell occupies rowspan – how many rows this cell occupies <TABLE ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; WIDTH=&quot;300&quot; HEIGHT=&quot;200&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;> <TR> <TD colspan=&quot;1&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;>a</TD> <TD colspan=&quot;1&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;>b</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD colspan=&quot;1&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;>c</TD> </TR> </TABLE>
Frames ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Frames ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Frames <FRAMESET ROWS=&quot; 75%,25% &quot;> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> </FRAMESET>
Frames <FRAMESET ROWS=&quot; 25%,75% &quot; <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> </FRAMESET>
Frames <FRAMESET ROWS=&quot; *,* &quot;> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot; 15%, 2*, * &quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> </FRAMESET> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot; 40%, * &quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> </FRAMESET> </FRAMESET>
Cascading Style Sheets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CSS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CSS H1 {text-align: center; color: blue; font: Arial, Times New Roman} P {text-align: left; color: red; font-family: Tahoma, Arial Narrow; font-style: italics}
Fizzics1 (no style sheet) <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>New Advances in Physics</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1>New Advances in Physics</H1> <H2>Turning Gold into Lead</H2> In a startling breakthrough, scientist B.O. &quot;Gus&quot; Fizzics  has invented a <STRONG>practical</STRONG> technique for  transmutation! For more details, please see  <A HREF=&quot;give-us-your-gold.html&quot;>our transmutation thesis</A>. ... </BODY> </HTML> From: Core Web Programming, Marty Hall and Larry Brown, © 2002

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Html tutorial

  • 2.
  • 3. HTML Page Format <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Qi’s web! </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1> Hello World </H1> <! Rest of page goes here. This is a comment. > </BODY> </HTML>
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Headings <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Document Headings</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> Samples of the six heading types: <H1> Level-1 (H1) </H1> <H2 ALIGN=&quot;center&quot;> Level-2 (H2) </H2> <H3> <U>Level-3 (H3)</U> </H3> <H4 ALIGN=&quot;right&quot;> Level-4 (H4) </H4> <H5> Level-5 (H5) </H5> <H6> Level-6 (H6) </H6> </BODY> </HTML>
  • 7.
  • 8. <BODY> <P>Here is some text </P> <P ALIGN=&quot;center&quot;> Centered text </P> <P><P><P> <P ALIGN=&quot;right&quot;> Right-justified text <! Note: no closing /P tag is not a problem> </BODY>
  • 9. <PRE> Preformatted Text <PRE> if (a < b) { a++; b = c * d; } else { a--; b = (b-1)/2; } </PRE>
  • 10. Special Characters &nbsp; Space &quot; &quot; &amp; & &gt; > &lt; < Use Character
  • 11.
  • 12. Fonts <FONT COLOR=&quot;red&quot; SIZE=&quot;2&quot; FACE=&quot;Times Roman&quot;> This is the text of line one </FONT> <FONT COLOR=&quot;green&quot; SIZE=&quot;4&quot; FACE=&quot;Arial&quot;> Line two contains this text </FONT> <FONT COLOR=&quot;blue&quot; SIZE=&quot;6&quot; FACE=&quot;Courier&quot; The third line has this additional text </FONT> Note: <FONT> is now deprecated in favor of CSS.
  • 13. Ordered (Numbered) Lists <OL TYPE=&quot;1&quot;> <LI> Item one </LI> <LI> Item two </LI> <OL TYPE=&quot;I&quot; > <LI> Sublist item one </LI> <LI> Sublist item two </LI> <OL TYPE=&quot;i&quot;> <LI> Sub-sublist item one </LI> <LI> Sub-sublist item two </LI> </OL> </OL> </OL>
  • 14. Unordered (Bulleted) Lists <UL TYPE=&quot;disc&quot;> <LI> One </LI> <LI> Two </LI> <UL TYPE=&quot;circle&quot;> <LI> Three </LI> <LI> Four </LI> <UL TYPE=&quot;square&quot;> <LI> Five </LI> <LI> Six </LI> </UL> </UL> </UL>
  • 15. Physical Character Styles <H1>Physical Character Styles</H1> <B>Bold</B><BR> <I>Italic</I><BR> <TT>Teletype (Monospaced)</TT><BR> <U>Underlined</U><BR> Subscripts: f<SUB>0</SUB> + f<SUB>1</SUB><BR> Superscripts: x<SUP>2</SUP> + y<SUP>2</SUP><BR> <SMALL>Smaller</SMALL><BR> <BIG>Bigger</BIG><BR> <STRIKE>Strike Through</STRIKE><BR> <B><I>Bold Italic</I></B><BR> <BIG><TT>Big Monospaced</TT></BIG><BR> <SMALL><I>Small Italic</I></SMALL><BR> <FONT COLOR=&quot;GRAY&quot;>Gray</FONT><BR> <DEL>Delete</DEL><BR> <INS>Insert</INS><BR>
  • 16. Logical Character Styles <H1>Logical Character Styles</H1> <EM>Emphasized</EM><BR> <STRONG>Strongly Emphasized</STRONG><BR> <CODE>Code</CODE><BR> <SAMP>Sample Output</SAMP><BR> <KBD>Keyboard Text</KBD><BR> <DFN>Definition</DFN><BR> <VAR>Variable</VAR><BR> <CITE>Citation</CITE><BR> <EM><CODE>Emphasized Code</CODE></EM><BR> <FONT COLOR=&quot;GRAY&quot;><CITE>Gray Citation</CITE></FONT><BR> <ACRONYM TITLE=&quot;Java Development Kit&quot;>JDK Acronym</ACRONYM>
  • 17. <A> Anchors (HyperLinks) Link to an absolute URL: If you get spam, contact <A HREF=&quot;htttp:www.microsoft.com&quot;> Microsoft </A> to report the problem. Link to a relative URL: See these <A HREF=&quot;#references&quot;> references </A> concerning our fine products. Link to a section within a URL: Amazon provided a <A HREF=&quot;www.amazon.com/#reference&quot;> reference for our company. </A>
  • 18. Naming a Section <H2> <A NAME=&quot;#references&quot;> Our References </A> </H2> Example
  • 19. Hyperlinks <BODY> <H3>Welcome to <A HREF=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu&quot;> <STRONG>Computer Science</STRONG></A> at the <A HREF=&quot;www.virginia.edu&quot;>University of Virginia.</A> </H3> </BODY>
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  • 21. Images Words align with middle of image Middle Image is left; words align with bottom of image Bottom Image is left; words align with top of image Top Image on right edge; text flows to left Right Image on left edge; text flows to right of image Left Image/Text Placement Align= position
  • 22. Images <BODY> <img src=&quot;dolphin.jpg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;150&quot; alt=&quot;dolphin jump!&quot;> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> This is a very cute dolphin on the left!<br> You can see text wrap around it<br> </BODY> </HTML>
  • 26. Tables <TABLE> table tag <CAPTION> optional table title <TR> table row <TH> table column header <TD> table data element
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  • 30. <TABLE> Element Attributes BGCOLOR= color -- background color of table, also valid for <TR>, <TH>, and <TD> RULES= value -- which internal lines are shown; values are none, rows, cols, and all (default) EX: <TABLE COLS=“40%, *,*”> <TABLE ROWS=“*,*”>
  • 31. <TR> Table Row Attributes Valid for the table row: ALIGN -- left, center, right VALIGN -- top, middle, bottom BGCOLOR -- background color <TABLE ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; WIDTH=&quot;300&quot; HEIGHT=&quot;200&quot;> <TR ALIGN=&quot;left&quot; VALIGN=&quot;top&quot; BGCOLOR=&quot;red&quot;><TD>One</TD><TD>Two</TD> <TR ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; VALIGN=&quot;middle&quot; BGCOLOR=&quot;lightblue&quot;><TD>Three</TD><TD>Four</TD> <TR ALIGN=&quot;right&quot; VALIGN=&quot;bottom&quot; BGCOLOR=&quot;yellow&quot;><TD>Five</TD><TD>Six</TD> </TABLE>
  • 32. <TD> Table Cell Attributes Valid for the table cell: colspan -- how many columns this cell occupies rowspan – how many rows this cell occupies <TABLE ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; WIDTH=&quot;300&quot; HEIGHT=&quot;200&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;> <TR> <TD colspan=&quot;1&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;>a</TD> <TD colspan=&quot;1&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;>b</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD colspan=&quot;1&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;>c</TD> </TR> </TABLE>
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  • 35. Frames <FRAMESET ROWS=&quot; 75%,25% &quot;> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> </FRAMESET>
  • 36. Frames <FRAMESET ROWS=&quot; 25%,75% &quot; <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot;*,*&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.virginia.edu&quot;> </FRAMESET> </FRAMESET>
  • 37. Frames <FRAMESET ROWS=&quot; *,* &quot;> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot; 15%, 2*, * &quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> </FRAMESET> <FRAMESET COLS=&quot; 40%, * &quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> <FRAME SRC=&quot;http://www.cs.virginia.edu/&quot;> </FRAMESET> </FRAMESET>
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  • 40. CSS H1 {text-align: center; color: blue; font: Arial, Times New Roman} P {text-align: left; color: red; font-family: Tahoma, Arial Narrow; font-style: italics}
  • 41. Fizzics1 (no style sheet) <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>New Advances in Physics</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1>New Advances in Physics</H1> <H2>Turning Gold into Lead</H2> In a startling breakthrough, scientist B.O. &quot;Gus&quot; Fizzics has invented a <STRONG>practical</STRONG> technique for transmutation! For more details, please see <A HREF=&quot;give-us-your-gold.html&quot;>our transmutation thesis</A>. ... </BODY> </HTML> From: Core Web Programming, Marty Hall and Larry Brown, © 2002