Connecting with Your Community Through the Power of Social Media
Digital.Copyright101Linked.In.Deck25July16
1. Everything on
the Internet is
Free, Right?
A Crash Course
on Digital 🔌
Copyright
#PSEWEB
Presented by Andrea Karpala & Heather Martin
University of Guelph
2. ABOUT US
Heather Martin
University of Guelph Copyright Officer &
Manager of E-Learning and Reserve Services
Andrea Karpala
Communications Manager &
Social Media Lead,
University of Guelph Library
@heat13her
martin@uoguelph.ca
AndreaKarpala
akarpala@uoguelph.ca
#PSEWEB
5. Copyright protects ORIGINAL
WORKS in all formats
Copyright DOES NOT protect
facts or ideas- only their
expression
Works are protected when they
ARE CREATED – no registration
required
Copyright lasts for LIFE OF
AUTHOR + 50 years (in Canada)
#PSEWEB
7. #PSEWEB
CREATOR RIGHTS
• Economic rights
Sole right to reproduce,
publish, communicate
to the public, perform,
translate, create
derivative works…(and
to authorize others to
do so)
• Moral rights
Right of attribution,
integrity, association
Balance between
CREATOR and USER rights
USER RIGHTS
• Limitations and exceptions
to the rights of creators
• Allow for some uses without
permission or payment
• Fair dealing for certain
purposes: Research, private
study, education, criticism,
review, parody, satire and
news reporting
Image
courtesy of
Pixabay.com
8. 2. Not all uses
of copyrighted
material
require
PERMISSION
#GoldenNugget #PSEWEB
9. GREY
AREA
How you
USE the
work =
copyright
exception
available
MORE FAIR
• Small excerpts
• Few copies
• Private use (small
audience)
• Non-
profit/education
• News reporting
LESS FAIR
• Large exerpts or
entire works
• Many copies
• Publicly distributed
• Corporate,
commercial use
• Entertainment
• Non-copyrighted
alternatives exist
Fair Dealing? Fair Use?
#PSEWEB
10. If FAIR DEALING isn’t an option
• Insubstantial amounts (e.g. quotes)
• Public domain materials
• Content with notice that permits use
(these slides from SlidesCarnival.com)
• Creative Commons licensed content
• Other licensed content
#PSEWEB
13. Where to find COPYRIGHT
Information on Webites
• Google search
• “Copyright” section
• Website - Terms of use
• “Rights and Permissions”
• Contact Us
#PSEWEB
14.
15. 4. Assess
the RISK
Think:
Is it Disney?
Peanuts?
A meme?
An image from a TV show?
Who owns the image rights?
#GoldenNugget #PSEWEB
21. How it’s DONE
1. Name of
creator
2. CC license
3. Link back
to photo
Another Summer
Day in Paris by
Trey Ratcliff. CC
BY NC SA
#PSEWEB
22. How it’s DONE
1. Name of
creator
2. CC license
3. Link back
to photo
#PSEWEB
23. Royalty Free & Public Domain
Content
Pixabay.com (CC0 – no
attribution required)
Corbis Images
Public Domain
collections:
-Wellcome Images
-British Library
-New York Public Library
Unsplash
Open ClipArt.org
Music
-Free Music Archive
-Jamendo
-CCMixter
Paid options:
-Shutterstock
-Stockmusic.net
Video
-CC video collections on
YouTube & Flickr
#PSEWEB
27. Cease &
desist…
What to
DO!
• Connect with your
institution’s copyright
specialist + legal counsel
• Know your rights! Some
takedown notices are
fraudulent
• Statutory damages for
non-commercial
infringement in Canada
capped at $5,000
28. RECAP
Consider FAIR DEALING
Link to content or EMBED it
rather than copying it
Use content with an OPEN
LICENSE
PURCHASE/LICENSE content
#PSEWEB
29. 10. When in doubt,
create YOUR OWN
brilliant content
#PSEWEB#GoldenNugget
31. CREDITS
Special thanks to all the people who made and released these
awesome resources for free:
▸ Presentation template by SlidesCarnival
▸ Photographs by Death to the Stock Photo (license)
#PSEWEB
Editor's Notes
ANDREA
ANDREA
ANDREA
Introduce you to the basic principles of copyright
Provide guidance on using copyrighted materials on web sites, in social media and other public online venues (in other words, copyright in the digital world).
Bust some copyright myths
Provide you with some strategies for using content without infringing copyright
Point you to sources of copyright-free, public domain, and free-to-use content
Take the fear and anxiety out of using copyrighted works
Leave you with 10 golden nuggets of copyright wisdom
Disclaimer - this presentation is truly a crash course. We have a lot of material to cover in a short time, and we have focused on some key points.
If there’s something we haven’t covered, we’ll hopefully have some time at the end for a few questions.
HEATHER
One of the best things about the Internet is that you can find all kinds of cool content there, and it is very easy to download, copy and use.
And if there is a meme, or an image, that is going viral, of course everyone wants to capitalize on its popularity.
But being publicly accessible is not the same as being in the public domain.
There is a myth that materials on the internet were put there to be widely distributed, and to a certain extent that is true.
But even works that everyone else in the world is copying and sharing are most probably protected by copyright.
Even if there is no copyright symbol, no “all rights reserved” – the material you wish to use still has a copyright owner somewhere.
It may be that this person wants to freely disseminate his/her work, and is happy for you to use it, but you can’t assume that.
Also, because your work is the public face of your institution, you are going to want to be more cautious than an individual sharing content online.
HEATHER
Let’s start with some basic info about copyright law in Canada
Copyright protects original works in all formats and genres: books, articles, films, sound recordings, computer software, artistic works, performances, broadcast signals, photographs, maps, charts, and more – all are protected by copyright
This includes materials that you find on the Internet. While it’s true that much of the content on the internet is intended to be widely shared, that doesn’t mean it is not protected by copyright
Copyright does not protect facts or ideas – only their expression
Copyright protection in Canada lasts for the life of the author plus 50 years (different in other countries, and if TPP is passed)
Copyright laws are different in other jurisdictions – means that you can’t assume everything you hear/read about copyright applies in Canada. The law of the country you are in is what applies (e.g. posting on a US server, such as YouTube).
HEATHER
Since amendments made in 2012, Canada’s Copyright Act is one of the most progressive in the world.
It has been updated to recognize new technologies and to ensure that it is technologically neutral.
It also recognizes that in the internet age, we are all both creators and consumers of copyrighted works, and that these rights need to be balanced.
There are specific exceptions that permit Canadians to use copyrighted works in certain ways.
HEATHER
The 2012 Copyright Act amendments, as well as a few key Supreme Court Decisions, have strongly affirmed the balance between user rights and creator rights in Canada.
[describe creator rights and user rights as defined in the Act]
Exceptions such as fair dealing permit the use of copyrighted materials for specific purposes, without obtaining permission or paying copyright fees (list the purposes)
Whether fair dealing is an option depends on how “fair” your use is – Supreme Court has provided some guidance re how to determine what is fair.
HEATHER
The challenge, though, is determining whether your use falls under an exception in the Copyright Act.
HEATHER
Whether fair dealing is an option depends on how “fair” your use is – Supreme Court has said you need to consider factors such as these.
So, in some cases, you may be able to use fair dealing to post content online – especially if you are using it for a purpose such as parody, satire, criticism or even news reporting. But you also have to weigh the fairness factors. Many uses will fall into a grey area in the middle, where it is not exactly clear whether fair dealing is applicable or not. You will need to weigh the risks.
HEATHER
[Briefly run through – more explanation of some of these later]
ANDREA
So, now we know about Canadian copyright law, and about some user exceptions that you might be able to take advantage of in some circumstances.
But when you find the perfect image, meme, or video that you want to use, how do you know whether or not it is OK to include on your website, or to post in a social media account?
You are going to need to assess it on a case by case basis.
ANDREA
Try to determine the source of the material you wish to use
Get a sense as to whether it is going to be something that is straightforward or complicated
HEATHER
Where to find copyright information on a website
HEATHER
Using a reverse image tool such as TinEye, RevEye, or Google Image Reverse Search to locate the source of an image.
Upload your photo, or enter the URL of the site you found it on, and you will get a list of locations where the image is found. Sort in date order to find the oldest.
Not foolproof, but can be helpful.
ANDREA
Is it Disney? Peanuts? Dr. Seuss? Owned by a corporate entity vs. created by an individual?
Figuring out what to avoid.
ANDREA
In general, there’s a greater risk in using content owned by the entertainment industry, and corporations in general.
Known litigators: Disney, Warner Bros, Sony, Peanuts, Dr. Seuss
A google search for the name of the company and “copyright infringement” or “lawsuit” or “takedown notice” will give you a sense of how aggressively the company protects its copyright.
And remember that many companies troll the web for content being used without their permission. If you post something on a public site, they will find it.
HEATHER
Terms of use on web sites
Licence terms and conditions
Some uses may be fine (e.g. educational) while others are not
HEATHER
Example of terms and conditions of using material on a website [read and highlight the pertinent sections]
If there is time, maybe also read some relevant sections from the BrainyQuote site:
…..by accepting this Agreement, you can use our stuff for legitimate academic, research, and reporting projects, but you can't use it to just copy and paste a bunch of our stuff on your own website. That hurts our search engine rankings, not to mention our feelings.
Also, all photographs published on BrainyQuote, and on our 'Quote of the Day' social media pages on Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, and Google+, are protected by copyright. Our photographs are so awesome, we've watermarked each and every one of them. You agree not to copy, distribute, display, disseminate, or otherwise reproduce BrainyQuote photographs, without our prior written permission. That said, there is one exception: You can share our photographs via social media as long as, and only if, they link back to BrainyQuote or the Site. If you steal our images, publish them and link them back to your own website, we will find you... and that won't be good! Share our photographs, enjoy them, be inspired by them - do not infringe on them, and we will remain friends.
HEATHER
[Explain what a CC license is and how it works]
Over 1 billion works on the internet with a CC license – from articles to images to video to music to entire books.
Always attribute the source – exception CC0
Follow the terms set out in the license
No derivatives?
Non-commercial?
Share alike?
ANDREA
ANDREA
Example of CC licensed photo from Flickr.
Point out license info in bottom right hand corner. Informs user exactly what they can and can’t do with the image.
Attribution should include the name of the creator, the CC license used, and a link back to the photo, if possible.
ANDREA
Example of CC licensed photo from Flickr.
Point out license info in bottom right hand corner. Informs user exactly what they can and can’t do with the image.
Attribution should include the name of the creator, the CC license used, and a link back to the photo, if possible.
ANDREA
ANDREA
…if the material is not available with a CC license, or you can’t find any information about how it can be used.
Sometimes as easy as a phone call or quick email
