2. What is Open Access Movement ?
Began in the year 1990s
“ All the research findings should reach
the society”
Fore runner of open access was
Open Source
3. Background
Most of the research in the world is
carried out using public funds.
But the paradox is that the result of
these researches are published through
journals brought out mostly by
commercial publishers.
These journals are not only high priced
but their prices also increases year by
year at an alarming rate
4. conti….
As a result most of the articles
published in the journals remain
inaccessible to the majority of the end
users.
The problem is more acute in the
developing world.
Even if all the journals are made
available at the actual price, they may
not be accessible to the users.
The scientist have a moral obligation to
make available the result of their
research to the society at large.
5. conti...
But the advent of ICT has made it possible
to access the results of research without the
intermediation like commercial publishers.
Open Access and Institutional Repositories
are two ways by means we can access it.
6. OPEN ACCESS
"Open Access” is immediate, free and
unrestricted access to digital
materials.
7. Definitions of OA….
According to Peter Suber,
Open Access literature is digital ,
online, free of charge and free of most
copyright and licensing restrictions.
8. “ By Open Access we mean its free
availability on the public internet,
permitting any users to read, download,
copy, distribute, print, search, or link to
the full text of these articles, crawl them
for indexing, pass them as data to
software, or use them for any other
lawful purpose, without financial, legal or
technical barriers other than those
inseparable from gaining access to the
internet itself”.
9. INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORIES
an online locus for collecting, preserving, and
disseminating -in digital form -the intellectual
output of an institution, particularly a
university or research institution –
including materials such as research journal
articles(either preprint or post print) , theses
and dissertations, but it might also include
other digital objects such as course notes or
learning materials.
The main objectives for having an institutional
repository are:to provide open access to
institutional research output by self-archiving
it;
to create global visibility for an institution's
scholarly research;
10. Landmarks in OA Movement
Budapest Open Access Initiative(Feb. 14,
2002)
Bethesda Statement on Open Access
Publishing(Apr. 11, 2003)
Berlin Declaration on OA to knowledge in the
Science and Humanities(Oct. 22, 2003)
IFLA statement on OA to scholarly literature
and research documentation(Dec 2003)
11. BUDAPEST OPEN ACCESS INITIATIVE
By "open access“ to this literature, we mean its free
availability on the public internet, permitting any
users to read, download, copy, distribute, print,
search, or link to the full texts of these articles,
crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to
software, or use them for any other lawful purpose,
without financial, legal, or technical barriers other
than those inseparable from gaining access to the
internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction
and distribution, and the only role for copyright in
this domain, should be to give authors control over
the integrity of their work and the right to be
properly acknowledged and cited. . . .
12. Bethesda Statement on OA
The author(s) and copyright holder(s) grant(s) to all users a free,
irrevocable, worldwide, perpetual right of access to, and a license
to copy, use, distribute, transmit and display the work publicly
and to make and distribute derivative works, in any digital
medium for any responsible purpose, subject to proper
attribution of authorship, as well as the right to make small
numbers of printed copies for their personal use.
A complete version of the work and all supplemental materials,
including a copy of the permission as stated above, in a suitable
standard electronic format is deposited immediately upon initial
publication in at least one online repository that is supported by
an academic institution, scholarly society, government agency, or
other well-established organization that seeks to enable open
access, unrestricted distribution, interoperability, and long-term
archiving
13. Berlin Declaration on OA to knowledge in
the Science and Humanities
In October 2003, the Conference on Open
Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and
Humanities issued the Berlin Declaration on
Open Access to Knowledge in the Science and
Humanities.
14. The mission of libraries is to enable
individuals, groups and communities to
create knowledge(in the widest sense of the
concept) and thus improve society.
Free unlimited access to information is a
prerequisite for libraries to fulfil this
mission
15. Universal and equitable access to
information is vital for the social,
educational, cultural, democratic,
and economic well-being of people,
communities, and organizations
16. The predominant model of scholarly
publishing (the subscription or reader pay
model) is unfair, inefficient and
unsustainable.
Open access constitutes promising
developments that can improve societies.
17. Trends in OA Movement…..
OA Self Archiving
OA Publishing
18. Open Access Self Archiving
In OASA , authors publish their articles in a
subscribed journal, but along with that they
make their article available online freely by
depicting this in an Institutional Repository,
or a Central Repository (Where the freely
accessible items are kept centrally)
19. PubMed Central
it is a central repository where freely
available items are kept centrally
comprises more than 23 million
citations for biomedical literature , life
science journals, and online books.
Citations may include links to full-text
content
it is the U.S. National Institutes of
Health free digital archive of
biomedical and life sciences journal
literature
20. Open Access Publishing
In OAP, authors publish their articles in Open Access
Journals that make their article freely accessible
online immediately on publication….
Examples of OA Publishers are BioMed Central and
PLOS
21. BioMed Central
BMC is a United Kingdom-based for-profit
scientific publisher specialising in open
access journal publication.
founded in 2000
BioMed Central and its sister companies
Chemistry Central and PhysMath Central
publish over 200 scientific journals.
first and largest open access science
publisher
owned by Springer Science and
Business Media
22. PLOS
Begins in the year 2003
liberate tens of thousands of research
articles and to advance scientific
discovery
Its Flagship Journals are PLoS Biology and
PLoS Medicine
PLOS Genetics, PLOS Pathogens, and
PLOS Computational Biology
23. Why OAP gaining
popularity?.....
Openly accessible articles/publications
more likely viewed by more number of
people than print source.
This maximize their impact and
visibility
No price barrier and permission barrier
24. Open Access Resources
“Open-access resources are those
that can be accessed by anyone at
any time without restraint.”
25. List of Links to OAR…..
DIRECTORY OF OPEN ACCESS BOOKS (DOAB)
DIRECTORY OF OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS(DOAJ)
DIRECTORY OF OPEN ACCESS
RESOURCES(openDOAR)
WORLD Wide Science.org
26. DOAB( Directory of Open Access
Books)
a discovery service for peer reviewed
books published under an open
access licence.
provides a searchable index to the
information about these books, with
links to the full texts of the publications
at the publisher's website or
repository.
27. DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
The Directory of Open Access Journals
(DOAJ) lists free, full text, quality
controlled scientific and scholarly
journals, covering all subjects and
languages.
28. aims to provide a comprehensive and
authoritative list of academic open access
repositories for end-users who wish to find
particular archives or who wish to break down
repositories by locale, content or other
measures. Users can search for repositories
by the following regions: Africa, Asia,
Australasia, Caribbean, Central America,
Europe, North America, and South America.
29. World Wide Science.org
Global science gateway providing
one-stop searching of over 90 national
and international scientific databases
and portals from more than 70
countries.
30. CONCLUSION
It is an opportunity for the world wide
academic and research community to
continue to learn about the potential
benefits of open access , to share what
they have learned with colleagues and
to inspire wider participation in helping
to make open access a new norm in
scholarship and research.
31. References…..
LIBRARIES WITHOUT WALL 5 :the distributed delivery of
library and Information Services.London,Facet Publishing
Edited by :Peter Brophy
Shelagh Fisher
Jenny Craven
Open Access :An Introduction, by Keith G . Jeffery, ERCIM
News online edition, Jan .2006.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioMed_Central)
http://wiki.lib.sun.ac.za/index.php/BOAI
http://www.biomedcentral.com/
