1. Measles (Rubeola) Prof. Dr. Saad S Al Ani Senior Pediatric Consultant Head of Pediatric Department Khorfakkan Hospital Sharjah ,UAE [email_address]
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13. Incidence and percentage of import-associated measles cases, by year – United States, 1985 to 2003 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epidemiology of Measles – United States, 2001–2003. MMWR 2004;53:713–716.)
14. Number of measles cases, by import status and week of rash onset – United States, 2004 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles – United States. MMWR 2005;54:1229–1231
15. Number of confirmed measles cases and percentage of routine infant measles vaccination coverage – the Americas, 1980–2000. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Progress toward interrupting indigenous measles transmission – region of the Americas, January 1999–September 2000. MMWR 2000;40:986–990
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32. Korting GW: Hautkrankheiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen , 3rd ed. Stuttgart, FK Schattauer Verlag, 1982 Maculopapular rash of measles
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34. Typical rash on day 2–3 of measles (Courtesy of J.H. Brien.)
35. Rash on day 5 of measles showing typical confluence and density on head with scattered lesions on the trunk. (Courtesy of J.H. Brien.)
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Editor's Notes
1.Koplik spots are pathognomonic for measles. 2. The rashes of rubella and of enteroviral and adenoviral infections tend to be less striking than that of measles, as do the degree of fever and severity of illness. 3.The rash of roseola infantum appears as the fever disappears, whereas in measles it appears concomitantly. 4. Although cough is present in many rickettsial infections, the rash usually spares the face, which is characteristically involved in measles. 5.The absence of administration of a drug in the history usually serves to exclude serum sickness or drug rashes. 6. Meningococcemia may be accompanied by a rash that is somewhat similar to that of measles, but cough and conjunctivitis are usually absent. 7. In acute meningococcemia the rash is characteristically petechial and purpuric. 8.The diffuse, finely papular rash of scarlet fever has a "goose flesh" texture on an erythematous base and is relatively easy to differentiate from the maculopapular rash of measles.