Sikm yin and yang of km
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An enterprise architecture approach is used to integrate social, business, technological, and knowledge structures. A social interaction framework (sharing, collaboration, negotiation, and competition) provides an example of the process.
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Sikm yin and yang of km
- 1. THE YIN AND YANG OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ALBERT SIMARD INTEGRATED KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRESENTED TO SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT DECEMBER 16, 2014
- 2. THE KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT DICHOTOMY Structured Approach: Systems and Technology Unstructured Approach: Social Interaction 2
- 3. BUSINESS STRUCTURES Dynamic Social Structure (People) Adaptable Business Structure (Processes) Rigid Technology Structure (Technology) Knowledge Outputs 3
- 4. OUTLINE •Architecture •Sharing •Collaboration •Negotiation •Competition 4
- 5. KNOWLEDGE SERVICES ARCHITECTURE Context Interactions Governance Research Management Network Servers Desktops Applications Knowledge Content Flow Services Interfaces Social Business Knowledge Outputs Technology 5
- 6. THREE PILLARS OF KNOWLEDGE WORK Technology Processes People Architecture 6
- 7. CONNECTING THE STRUCTURES People Interfaces Processes Outputs Applications Technology Architecture 7
- 8. PEOPLE Architecture •Individuals •Attitudes (values, beliefs, engagement) •Behavior (voluntarism, participation, sharing) •Groups •Relationships (trust, safety, equality) • Interaction (collaboration, negotiation, competition) • Organization • Culture (ethics, principles, values) • Practices (norms, rules, rewards) 8
- 9. PROCESSES Linear Architecture Feedback / Parallel Bypass Hub and Spoke Circular 9
- 10. TECHNOLOGY •Telephony •Video conferencing •E-mail •On-line forums •Webinars •Sharing sites •Collaboration sites •Expertise locator •Blogs, microblogs •Wikis Architecture 10
- 11. ARCHITECTURE - CORE MODEL Who Work (What) Need (Why) Service (How) When Where Input Output Schedule No schedule Physical space Cyberspace Architecture Zachman (1987) Rudyard Kipling (1902) 11
- 12. SOCIAL STRUCTURE COMPONENTS Context (scale) Attitudes Interactions Sharing Collaboration Negotiation Competition Behavior Culture Relationships Architecture 12
- 13. SOCIAL INTERACTION FRAMEWORK Work Group Community Network Mutual Interests Autonomous Conversation Posting Publication Purchasing Contracts Merger Sports Business Military Collaboration peer production partnership approach high trust diverse, synergistic Sharing leverage knowledge passive approach some trust benign, supportive Compatible Conflicting Goals Negotiation mutual agreement adversarial approach some trust structured, formal Competition defence or victory aggressive approach no trust secretive, hostile Unclear Architecture 13
- 14. OUTLINE •Architecture •Sharing •Collaboration •Negotiation •Competition 14
- 15. SHARING ATTRIBUTES (Autonomous interests, compatible goals) • Exchange content • Incentives / motivation • Trust and safety • Organizational culture • Content security • Individual privacy • Different expertise • Control and hoarding • Large distances Sense, categorize, respond Sharing 15
- 16. SHARING OVERVIEW Share Explicit tacit Provide Incentives Time & Place Technology Interact Content Access Shared Content Sharing 16
- 17. SHARING EXPLICIT CONTENT Social Business Technology Knowledge Sharing Existing Content Shared Content Create Incentives engagement motivation compliance reciprocity Retrieve web browser web portal content repository search engine help desk Work Service network site content awareness Access Interact telephone meeting collaboration e-mail Provide Content e-mail publishing distribution collect content content repository search engine Protect network security site security content security Organize metadata info. mgt. 17
- 18. FRAMEWORK FOR SHARING EXPLICIT CONTENT Work Person / Group Input / Output Services Create Incentives manager, leader existing content / sharing environment engagement, motivation, compliance, reciprocity Provide Content author, owner, provider, holder available content e-mail, publishing, distribution, content repository, metadata template Protect Content content manager, security specialist secure content content security site security network security Access Content content manager, communicator, network manager accessible content network, site, content, permission, awareness Retrieve Content repository manager, application specialist, content manager, facilitator transferred content web browser & portal, content repository, search engine, help desk, facilitation Interact provider, author, recipient, user recipient understanding, capacity telephone, e-mail, meeting space, collaboration site Sharing 18
- 19. SHARING TACIT KNOWLEDGE Tacit Knowledge Work Service Shared Knowledge Provide Incentives engagement motivation compliance Support reciprocity Sharing Technology Support meeting space workshop conference site visit classroom permission telephone funding on-line forum group apps. e-mail web portal expertise directory collaboration site social network apps. conversation after action rev. capturing extraction advising teaching storytelling demonstrating presenting mentoring Interact Social Business Technology Knowledge Sharing 19
- 20. FRAMEWORK FOR SHARING TACIT KNOWLEDGE Work Person / Group Input / Output Services Provide Incentives manager, leader, knowledge holder tacit knowledge / willingness to share Sharing engagement, motivation, compliance Provide Place manager, facilitator, coordinator physical place, time facilities, scheduling Technology Support network manager, application specialist, facilitator, coordinator connectivity, digital site telephone, e-mail, on-line forum, web portal, expertise directory, collaboration site, social network apps., facilitation Interact knowledge holder, recipient, facilitator shared knowledge conversation, dialogue, after-action review, capturing, teaching, storytelling, demonstrating, 20 presenting, mentoring
- 21. OUTLINE •Overview •Sharing •Collaboration •Negotiation •Competition 21
- 22. Collaboration COLLABORATION ATTRIBUTES (Mutual interests, compatible goals) •Synergy and joint production • Dialogue, conversations in groups • Sharing, exchanges among peers • Candor, freedom of expression • Trust, safety, honesty, openness • Agreed rules of conduct • Diversity, flexibility, outliers • Equality, meritocracy of ideas • Collective, not individual benefit Sense, analyze, respond 22
- 23. COLLABORATION OVERVIEW Social Context Collaborate Knowledge Transformation Technology Support Organizational Work Decision Shared Knowledge Collaboration 23
- 24. Collaboration COLLABORATION - SOCIAL CONTEXT Work Individual Service Group Knowledge engagement counseling feedback human resources Knowledge motivation compliance engagement human resources rules & norms guidance facilitation support Influence Attitudes Affect Behavior Foster Relationships Evolve Culture formation change org. learning enjoyment openness ethics altruism participation commitment involvement creativity trust & safety equality meritocracy synergy diversity flexibility freedom transparency Social Business Technology Knowledge 24
- 25. COLLABORATION TECHNOLOGY Collaborate Collaboration Site Group Site User Access Connectivity Security architecture server, site expertise directory search engine content repository web portal user interface help files & desk Internet training Intranet LAN, WAN access control authentication network security site security content security Work Service Operation installation maintenance upgrades recovery Social Business Technology Knowledge Collaboration 25
- 26. OUTLINE •Architecture •Sharing •Collaboration •Negotiation •Competition 26
- 27. NEGOTIATION ATTRIBUTES (Mutual interests, conflicting goals) •Reaching an agreement • Debate and discussion • Positions and interests • Bargaining and compromise • Proposal and response • Attempt to establish trust • Short-term / long-term •Win/win vs. win/loose Probe, sense, respond Negotiation 27
- 28. NEGOTIATION OVERVIEW Negotiate Preparation Bargaining Approval Collaborate Agreement Negotiation 28
- 29. NEGOTIATION - PREPARATION Negotiation decision office app. template Work Service Goals agreement relationship strategy collaboration decision Interpret values options intelligence analysis app. Establish Position alternatives possibilities BATNA ZOPA collaboration office app. template Compile Content context situation monitoring sharing web portal search engine Revise position Content Preliminary Analysis Recommend Position decision support analysis app. out Social Business Technology Knowledge 29
- 30. NEGOTIATION - BARGAINING deception ethics emotions distrust embarrassed Social Business Technology Knowledge Work Service negotiation svc. content mgt. Position questions assumptions unknowns uncertainty Identify Counter Power Influence Benefits multiple issues expansion total benefits contingency coalition leverage attack threats losses & gains momentum justification references concessions Revise position new information? Draft Agreement important no routine Conclude negotiation svc. office app. agreement template Negotiation 30
- 31. OUTLINE •Architecture •Sharing •Collaboration •Negotiation •Competition 31
- 32. COMPETITION ATTRIBUTES •Victory, gain, or defence • Speed of analysis and action are critical • No trust, secretive, misleading actions • Rules: dominant, important, minimal • Ongoing process, requires recurring analysis (Autonomous Interests, conflicting goals) Act, sense, respond Competition 32
- 33. COMPETITION OVERVIEW Compete Decision Intelligence Action Monitor Outcomes Adapt End Negotiate Competition 33
- 34. COMPETITION - INTELLIGENCE Social Business Technology Knowledge usable multi-media evaluated accessible secure Acquire Organize Analyze public non-public SWOT competition mental models present activity human factor soft info. content acquisition knowledge mobilization integration collection repository content mgt. Synthesize analysis apps. statistical apps. Content Response futures analysis Intelligence Identify Actions synthesis apps. systems analysis expertise collaboration scenario analysis gaming Work Service Competition 34
- 35. COMPETITION – ACTION & ADAPTATION Social Business Technology Knowledge Competition office apps competition template intelligence repository Adapt analysis apps. synthesis apps. Document Store Recommend Authorize Intelligence Success / failure Outcome decision Monitor content acquisition knowledge mobilize. Result Learn org. learning Evaluate after-action review Act resources inconclusive 35 out
- 36. Main Messages •Organizations consist of social, technological, and business structures. •Work may involve sharing, collaboration, negotiation, and/or competition. •Knowledge management must support all of these contexts. 36
- 37. QUESTIONS? FURTHER DISCUSSION? MORE INFORMATION? 37 albert.simard@outlook.com https://www.linkedin.com/pub/albert-simard/61/75a/4b9 http://www.slideshare.net/albertsimard http://www.slideshare.net/fullscreen/albertsimard/social-interaction-17/1
Editor's Notes
- This presentation is divided into three parts. We’ll start by describing why and how the knowledge services framework was developed. The knowledge organization will compare content management and knowledge service approaches for structuring knowledge management in an organizational context. The knowledge environment will consider how an organization interacts with its clients and, in the case of governments, with all citizens. So, let’s look at how the framework was developed.
- I kept six honest serving-men, They taught me all I knew; Their names are What and Why and When And How and Where and Who. Rudyard Kipling (1902)
- This presentation is divided into three parts. We’ll start by describing why and how the knowledge services framework was developed. The knowledge organization will compare content management and knowledge service approaches for structuring knowledge management in an organizational context. The knowledge environment will consider how an organization interacts with its clients and, in the case of governments, with all citizens. So, let’s look at how the framework was developed.
- This presentation is divided into three parts. We’ll start by describing why and how the knowledge services framework was developed. The knowledge organization will compare content management and knowledge service approaches for structuring knowledge management in an organizational context. The knowledge environment will consider how an organization interacts with its clients and, in the case of governments, with all citizens. So, let’s look at how the framework was developed.
- This presentation is divided into three parts. We’ll start by describing why and how the knowledge services framework was developed. The knowledge organization will compare content management and knowledge service approaches for structuring knowledge management in an organizational context. The knowledge environment will consider how an organization interacts with its clients and, in the case of governments, with all citizens. So, let’s look at how the framework was developed.
- We’ll start by describing why and how the knowledge services framework was developed. The knowledge organization will compare content management and knowledge service approaches for structuring knowledge management in an organizational context. The knowledge environment will consider how an organization interacts with its clients and, in the case of governments, with all citizens. So, let’s look at how the framework was developed.