Building science 2 final report

1. Building Science II
[BLD 61303 / ARC 3413]
Project 2
Integration Project
Student Name:
Tan Chee Siang
Student ID:
0315159
Tutor:
Mr. Rizal

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Aim and Objective
1.2 Project Introduction
1.3 Floor plans
2.0 LIGHTING STUDY
2.1 Daylight Factor Analysis
2.1.1 Lobby Area
2.1.2 Art Gallery
2.2 Artificial Lighting Analysis + PSALI
2.2.1 Reading Area
2.2.1.1 Material Properties
2.2.2 Children Reading Area
3.0 REFERENCE

3. 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Objective
In Building Science project 2 – Integration Project, obviously we are required to integration this project
with out Design Studio 5 Final Project – Community Library in Jalan Sultan. The aim of the project is to
give an basic understanding the principle of lighting components and arrangement of how we introduce
and apply the lighting that related to our context into our Community Library Design.
1.2 Project Introduction
Our site of Community Library is located at Jalan Sultan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Community
Library is to serve the community given a gathering space while at the same time give a chance to bring
in young generation. They can have a place to interaction and exchange the latest information and
tradition to each other.
From different type of the architecture style of façade , high and low rise building form and the spread of
the little food stalls surrounded the site, the informal pattern but in the systematic order of the site, create
a chaotic feeling. The purpose of the building is to create its own identity and characteristic of the site. It
also create a space for community to inherit the culture and history to young generation meanwhile
improve the quality of the lifestyle on the site.

4. 1.3 Floor plans
Figure 1.3.1 Ground Floor Plan
Scale 1 : 200
Scale 1 : 200

5. Scale 1 : 200Figure 1.3.2 First Floor Plan

6. Figure 1.3.3 Second Floor Plan Scale 1 : 200

7. Scale 1 : 200Figure 1.3.4 Third Floor Plan

8. 2.0 Lighting Study
2.1 Daylight Factor Analysis
Where,
Ei = Illuminance due to daylight at a point on the indoor working plane
Eo = The unobstructed horizontal exterior illuminance, average day light level in Malaysia (EH) is
assumed to be 32000 lux
A standard sky is assumed to give a minimum level of illuminance on the ground.
Natural Illumination Calculation
Illuminance Example
120,000 lux Brightest Sunlight
110,000 lux Bright Sunlight
20,000 lux Shade Illuminated by entire clear blue sky
1000-2000 lux Typical Overcast Day, Midday
400 lux Sunrise or Sunset, Sunset/ Sunrise
<200 lux Extreme of Darkest Storm on Clear day
40 lux Fully Overcast, Sunset/Sunset
<1 lux Extreme of Darkest Storm Clouds, Sunset/Sunset

9. 2.1.1 Cafeteria
Floor Area ( 𝑚2
) 47.17𝑚2
Area of Opening exposed to Sunlight Perimeter 11 m
Height 3.5 m
Area 33.5𝑚2
Daylight Factor =
33.5
47.17
x 100%
=72.37 x 0.1
=7.1%
Given Eo = 32000 lux
DF =
𝐸𝑖
𝐸𝑜
x 100%
7.10 =
𝐸𝑖
32000
x 100%
𝐸𝑖 = 2272 lux
Cafeteria is located at ground floor. The Cafeteria is selected
because the whole space is fully opened to exterior and it
allows natural light to penetrate into interior space. The
dynamic properties of natural light are perceivable and
constantly change the perception and appearance of the
space.
Figure 2.1.1.1 Floor plan of selected Space – Cafeteria

10. Conclusion:
The Cafeteria has the daylight factor of 7.23%, and natural illumination of 2272 lux. Base on the
requirement of MS 1525, Cafeteria area has exceed the requirement and over exposure which it causes
the Typical Overcast Day, Midday.
Therefore, based on recommend illuminance categories, the cafeteria is suggested to maintain at 300
lux. However, all the opening is foldable door, it is opened during daytime and will be close at night time.
Can be enclose manually if it is too bright in interior. With some cover fabric such as curtain blind is
require in the design.
Figure 2.1.1.1 Ecotect generated daylight contour
diagram in Cafeteria.

11. 2.1.2 Art Gallery
Floor Area ( 𝑚2
) 49 𝑚2
Area of Opening exposed to Sunlight Perimeter 28 m
Height 3.5 m
Area 17.1 𝑚2
Daylight FactorPL =
17.1
49
x 100%
=18.69 x 0.1
=3.49%
Given Eo = 32000 lux
DF =
𝐸𝑖
𝐸𝑜
x 100%
3.49 =
𝐸𝑖
32000
x 100%
𝐸𝑖 = 1116.8 lux
Art Gallery is located at ground floor. The Art
Gallery is selected because the whole space is
designed partly exposed to exterior with
foldable wall panel. Hence, it will also allow
more natural light to penetrate into interior
space. The dynamic properties of natural light
are perceivable and constantly change the
perception and appearance of the space.
Figure 2.1.2.1 Floor plan of selected Space – Art Gallery

12. Conclusion:
The Cafeteria has the daylight factor of 3.49%, and natural illumination of 1167 lux. Base on the
requirement of MS 1525, Art Gallery area has exceed the requirement and over exposure which it causes
the Typical Overcast Day, Midday.
Therefore, based on recommend illuminance categories, the cafeteria is suggested to maintain at 500
lux. However, the wall panel is designed as it can be flip 360 degree so it can allow more day light to
penetrate in. Also, it can also be enclose manually if it is too bright in interior.
Figure 2.1.2.1 Ecotect generated daylight contour
diagram in Art Gallery.

13. 2.3 Artificial Lighting Analysis + PSALI
2.3.1 Reading Area
Material Properties
Material Function Color Area (𝑚2
) Surface Type Reflectance
Value
Concrete Wall
Ceiling
Grey
Grey
68
116.45
Matte
Matte
50
70
Glass Windows Transparent 30 smooth 77
Timber Flooring
Wall
Furniture
Light Brown
Spanish White
Light Brown
116.45
68
25.65
Gloss
Matte
Gloss
30
71
50
Lighting Specification BEVELED® CONNECT™
DOWNLIGHT
Type of Light LED
Lifetime (hours) 50000
Light Effect Classic White
Lamp Luminous Flux 1500 lumen
Shape Cubic
Voltage 120-277V
Wattage 14 W
The reading area in the Community Library is located at the first
floor. The area is placed at the middle of the spot and it it more
enclosed thus natural lighting is not enough and efficient to
penentrate in some areas. Sufficient and even distribution of
artificial lighting is required to apply to get better vision and more
comfortable environment. Hence, the reading area should apply
artificial lighting to reach the requirement of the M1525.
Figure 2.3.1.2 Proposed type of lamp.
Figure 2.3.1.1 Floor plan of selected Space – Reading Area

14. Location Reading Area
Dimension of Room Length : 22.3 m
Width: 7 m
Height: 5 m
Total Floor Area L x W =116.45 𝑚2
Types of Lighting Fixture BEVELED® CONNECT™ DOWNLIGHT
Lumen of Lighting Fixture/F (Lux) 1500 lumen
Height of Luminaire 3.2m
Height of Woeking Level 0.8m
Mounting Height/H (Hm) 4m – 0.8m – 0.8m = 2.4m
Standard Illumination Required According to
MS 1525
300
Reflection Factor Ceiling 0.7
Wall 0.5
Floor 0.3
Room Index / RI (K)
𝑅𝐼 =
𝐿𝑥 𝑊
𝐻𝑚(𝐿 + 𝑊)
𝑅𝐼 =
156.1
2.4(22.3 + 7)
=
156.1
2.4(29.3)
=
156.1
70.32
=2.219
Utilization Factor / UF 0.65
Maintainance Factor /MF 0.8
Number of Light Required Lumen Calculation
N=[
𝐸 𝑥 𝐴
𝐹 𝑥 𝑈𝐹 𝑥 𝑀𝐹
]
N=[
300𝑥156.1
1500𝑥0.65𝑥0.8
]
=60 bulbs
Spacing to Height Ratio (SHR)
SHR=
1
𝐻𝑚
𝑥 √
𝐴
𝑁
SHR=
1
2.4
𝑥 √
156.1
60
=0.66
SHR=
𝑠
2.4
=0.66
=1.584
Fitting Layout Fitting required along 17m wall
22.3
1.584
=10.89
=14
Therefore : 14 x 4 rows
= 56 lamps
To achieved the recommended MS 1525 Library
Illumination Level of 300 lux
X = Spacing Required for 17 m wall is 22.3/14 = 1.6m
y = Spacing Required for 6.85m wall is 7/4 =1.75m
7
1.584
=4.4
=4

15. PSALI (Permanent Supplementary Artificial Lighting Of Interior)
Conclusion:
Based on the calculation analysis. There are total 56 light fittings in the reading area which
controlled by using three switches. Switch 1 control the first row of light fitting (total 13
luminaires) which located at the front part of the space face to the opening. Switch 2
controlled the following three row of light fittings (total 13 luminaires). Reason being is the
reading area will receive a enough daylight distribution of 4.02% during the day from the
glass opening, so the switch 1 which control the light fitting located at the front part of the
space can be switch off during the period of time to save the electric cost and energy
wasted.
Figure 2.1.3.3 Proposed reflected ceiling plan with switches arrangement.

16. 2.3.2 Children Library
Material Properties
Material Function Color Area (𝑚2
) Surface Type Reflectance
Value
Concrete Wall
Ceiling
Grey
Grey
42
49
Matte
Matte
50
70
Glass Windows Transparent 8 smooth 77
Timber Flooring
Furniture
Light Brown
Spanish White
49
25.65
Gloss
Matte
30
71
Lighting Specification BeveLED BLOCK
Type of Light LED
Lifetime (hours) 50000
Light Effect classic White
Lamp Luminous Flux 1400 lumen
Voltage 120-277V
Wattage 9 W
Shape cubic
The children library in the Community Library is located at the
first floor. The area is placed at the back corner of the spot and it
has only few openings at one wall side so that is not enough
daylight penentrate into the area. Sufficient and even distribution
of artificial lighting is required to apply to get comfortable
environment to attract the kids to play around there. Hence, the
Children area should apply artificial lighting to reach the
requirement of the M1525.
Figure 2.3.2.2 Proposed type of lamp.
Figure 2.3.2.1 Floor plan of selected Space – Reading Area

17. Location Children Library
D0imension of Room Length : 7 m
Width: 7 m
Height: 4 m
Total Floor Area L x W = 49 𝑚2
Types of Lighting Fixture BeveLED BLOCK
Lumen of Lighting Fixture/F (Lux) 1475 lumen
Height of Luminaire 4.0m
Height of Working Level 0.5m
Mounting Height/H (Hm) 4m – 0.5m = 3.5 m
Standard Illumination Required According to
MS 1525
300-500
Reflection Factor Ceiling 0.7
Wall 0.5
Floor 0.3
Room Index / RI (K)
𝑅𝐼 =
𝐿𝑥 𝑊
𝐻𝑚(𝐿 + 𝑊)
𝑅𝐼 =
49
3.5(7 + 7)
=
49
3.5(14)
=
49
49
=1
Utilization Factor / UF 0.62
Maintainance Factor /MF 0.8
Number of Light Required Lumen Calculation
N=[
𝐸 𝑥 𝐴
𝐹 𝑥 𝑈𝐹 𝑥 𝑀𝐹
]
N=[
300𝑥49
1475𝑥0.62𝑥0.8
]
=20.09
=20 bulbs
Spacing to Height Ratio (SHR)
SHR=
1
𝐻𝑚
𝑥 √
𝐴
𝑁
SHR=
1
3.5𝑚
𝑥 √
49
20
=0.45
SHR =
𝑠
3.5𝑚
= 0.45
=1.575m
Fitting Layout
Fitting required along both 7m wall
7
1.575
= 4.44
≈ 4-5 rows
Therefore : 5 x 5 rows = 25 lamps (more than 20 bulbs)
To achieved the recommended MS 1525 Library
Illumination Level of 300 lux
x- spacing required for 7m wall is 7/5 = 1.4m
y- spacing required for 7m wall is 7/5 = 1.4m

18. PSALI (Permanent Supplementary Artificial Lighting Of Interior)
Conclusion:
Based on the calculation and light contour analysis. There are total 25 light fittings in the
children library which controlled by using two switches. Switch 1 control the first two row
of light fitting (total 5 luminaires) which located at the front part of the space. Switch 2
controlled the following three row of light fittings (total 5 luminaires). Reason being is the
children library will receive a enough daylight distribution of 3.2% during the day from the
glass window façade, so the switch 1 which control the light fitting located at the front part
of the space can be switch off during the period of time to save the electric cost and energy
wasted.
Figure 2.3.2.3 Proposed reflected ceiling plan with switches arrangement.