this Presentation is about mine waste recovery (like red mud and Copper)

1. USE OF HYDROMETALLURGY IN METAL
RECOVERY FROM MINE WASTES
BY : ALI MEHRI
SUPERVISOR : DR. KARIMI
1

2. CONTENT
 Introduction
 Types of mine waste
 Classification of minerals wastes
 Mine waste leaching
 References
2

3. Aspects :
1. Economical
2. Environmental
3
THE IMPORTANCE OF RECOVERING WASTE[1]

4.  Creates jobs
 Growth of an industry
 Utilize smaller solid waste dumpsters
 Converting waste materials into new products
 Reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials
4
ECONOMICAL ASPECTS

5.  Resource conservation
 Reduce energy usage
 Air pollution, including reductions in greenhouse gas generation
 Reduce water pollution (from land filling)
5
ENVIRONMENTALASPECTS[2]

6. 6
MINERAL EXTRACTION: FROM MINING TO METAL[3]
Mining
Mineral processing
(beneficiation)
Metallurgical
extraction
Mineral
concentrate
Metal
Waste
rock
Tailings
Slags

7. 7
COMPARISON OF WASTE AND PRODUCT[11]

8.  Cut – off grade ores
 Tailings from mineral products
 Residues
8
TYPES OF MINE WASTE[4][5]

9. 9
CLASSIFICATION OF MINERALS WASTES[4]

10. 10
WASTE CUT OFF GRADES[6]

11.  “Acid mine drainage” refers to a particular process whereby low
pH mine water is formed from the oxidation of sulphide minerals
 AMD is particularly prevalent in both metallic mineral and coal
mines.
11
WHAT IS AMD[3]

12. 12
PROCESS[7]

13. 13
IMPACTS OF AMD

14. General equations for this process are:
 2FeS2 + 7O2+ 2H2O → 2Fe2+ + 4SO4
2- + 4H+
 4Fe2+ + O2 + 4H+  4Fe3+ + 2H2O
 4Fe3+ + 12H2O  4Fe(OH)3 + 12H+
 FeS2 + 14Fe3+ + 8H2O → 15Fe2++ 2SO4
2- + 16H+
14
WHAT IS AMD[8]

15.  Aluminum
1. Gibbsite
2. Bohmite
3. Diaspore
15
MINE WASTE LEACHING[9]

16. RED MUD
16

17. 50 % of bauxite is red-mud:- a waste-product from the Bayers
Process:
 Fe2O3: 70 wt. pct. (35-38% metal value)
 Al2O3: 10 wt. pct.
 TiO2: 7.0 wt. pct.
 CaO: 7.5 wt. pct
17
RED MUD[10]

18. 18
RED MUD RECOVERY
Product Note
1) Pyro only
Pig iron,
Ti-rich slag
(REE)/
Metallic iron
① smelting : Iron oxide Reduction
in blast furnace or similar reacto
② solid state reduction
Disadvantage
• High Na contents in Red Mud:
sodium oxide deposition -.
• High drying cost of red mud
2) Pyro + Hydro
Pig iron,
REE
(from REE slag)
• Pig iron by reluctant,
Concentration of REE in slag
• Recovery of Concentrated REE by
hydro method
• High sodium contents and Waste
water problem
3) Hydro only REE
• Selective leaching of REE (Fe2O3
is not leached, Using HNO3, Y
• 96%, Sc 80%, light lanthanides
30-50%)
Selective precipitation and Solvent
Extraction

19. 19
RECOVERY OF IRON[10]

20. 20
RECOVERY OF TITANIUM OXIDE[10]

21. Sintering
Al2O3 + Na2CO3 = 2NaAlO2 + CO2(g)
Temperature of operation : 850-1100oC
Time : 2 hours
Leaching
NaAlO2(s) = NaAlO2(aq)
Temperature of operation : 25-100 oC
Time : 5-30 minutes, Red Mud to water :
2-50 gpl
21
SINTERING AND LEACHING OF ALUMINA[10]

22.  Copper
1. Sandy ore (granular)
2. Slimy ore (composed of very fine particles that are difficult to
settle)
3. Molybdenite
4. Rhenium
5. Cobalt
22
MINE WASTE LEACHING[9]

23. 23
SANDY ORE[9]

24. SLIMY ORE[9]
• Using sponge iron • Using hydrogen sulfide
24

25. 25
MOLYBDENITE & RHENIUM[9]

26. 26
COBALT[9]

27.  Platinum
1. Native platinum ores
2. Gold ores
3. Nonferrous metals sulfide ores
27
MINE WASTE LEACHING[9]
PtC14 + 2NH4Cl →(NH4)2[PtCl6]
PdC12 + 4NH3 →[Pd(NH3)4]C12
[Pd(NH3)4]C12 + 2HCI → [Pd(NH3)2]C12 + 2NH4C1

28. 1. Mattias Bäckström. 2007-2013. Compendium of mining and
processing waste management technologies
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recycling
3. Mark Muller. 2009. Mine wastes. Pages 3-7
4. CJ Mitchell, DJ Harrison, Dr. HL Robinson, Dr N Ghazireh.2004.
minerals from waste. Pages 1-2
5. Pranjit Sharmah. 2013. dumping of mining waste. Pages 5-7
6. S.Najmedin Almasi, Amir Khademian, Reza Yarahmadi. 2015.
Determination of Leaching Cutoff Grade Using. Page 1279
28
REFERENCES

29. 7. Mark Muller. 2009. Environmental and Social Concerns. Pages 3-
4
8. V.GOUTHAM. 2011. Treatment methods of acid mine drainage
and a case study on selective recovery of metals. Page 3
9. Fathi Habashi. 1999. Hydrometallurgy. Pages 242-252 & 229-233
10. Brajendra Mishra. 2015. Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best
Practices. Pages 3-28
11. https://www.ausimmbulletin.com/feature/towards-zero-waste/
29
REFERENCES