Branches of linguistics

1. Branches of Linguistics
University of the Punjab , Department of English Language & Literature.
Lahore, Pakistan

2. Branches of Linguistics
MicroGeneral /
Theoretical
Descriptive
/
AppliedMacro

3. Theoretical (General) Linguistics
Concerned with:
• Frameworks
– for describing individual languages
• Concepts & Categories
– A particular Language(s)
• Theories
– about universal aspects of language

4. Descriptive /Applied Linguistics
• Describe or give data:
– To confirm or refute the theory of language
• Application:
– the concepts/theories in everyday life
• To practical problems:
– Language Teaching
– Speech Synthesis
– Speech Therapy

5. Micro Linguistics
• Narrower view
– Structure of language systems
• Concerned with
– internal view of language
• Without Related to:
– Other sciences
– How to apply it in daily life

6. Fields of
Micro
Linguistics
Phonetics
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics
Discourse
Analysis
Applied
Linguistics
Lexicography

7. Macro Linguistics
– Broadest view of language
• Concerned:
– External view of language
• Related to:
– Other sciences
• How to apply it in daily life

8. Macro Linguistics
Stylistics
Developmental
Historical/Diachr
onic
Language
Geography
Psycholinguistics
Socio-Linguistics
Clinical
Neurolinguistics
Biolinguistics
Computational

9. Linguistic
Linguistics
Grammar Meaning
Sounds of
language
Phonetics Phonology Morphology Syntax Semantics Pragmatic
s

10. Word - Sentence Level
Sound Level
Phonetics: Acoustics & Articulation of Speech
Phonology: Relevant Sound Segments
Word Level
Morphology: Minimal Units of Meaning
Sentence Level
Syntax: Sentence Structure
Semantics: Sentence Meaning
Pragmatics: Language in Interaction