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POWER RELATIONS, CONFLICT AND  COOPERATION IN THE NILE BASIN Ana Elisa Cascão King’s College of London Presentation to: “ The Curse of Scarcity and Abundance?  Water and Oil Wars in the Gulf and Nile Basin ”  American University of Cairo 5th April 2008
NILE – HYDROLOGY AND POLITICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Main provider Main user
NILE - WATER RESOURCES AVAILABILITY NON-NILE
NILE - WATER RESOURCES  AVAILABILITY AND UTILISATION
DEPENDENCY AND CONTROL
INEQUALITIES = CONFLICT? Control Allocation Contribution Utilisation
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS Historical and  acquired rights Potential needs  and uses “ New water” Storage  infrastructures Hydropower Irrigation Extreme  dependence Water for  development CONFLICT  OF LANGUAGES
POWER RELATIONS MATTER! EGYPT SUDAN ETHIOPIA Geography Geography Geography Material  power Material  power Material  power Bargaining  power Bargaining  power Bargaining  power Ideational power Ideational power Ideational power Two Hydropolitical  Dynamics: Hegemony  & Counter-Hegemony (Adapted from Zeitoun, 2005)
GEOPOLITICS ARE CHANGING! USA CHINA EUROPE SUDAN ETHIOPIA EGYPT World  Bank
COOPERATION = EQUITY? Equitable  utilisation Development Benefits Nile  Basin  Initiative
CURRENT COOPERATION IN  THE NILE BASIN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONFLICT PREVENTION* Planned  Water Development Generation of  Benefits  Downstream Alternative  Water  Resources  Regional  Virtual  Water  Control of  expansion of  commercial  agriculture Relinquish Sovereignty Strong  Water  Institutions Neutral  Knowledge Ethics Multi-level  Cooperation New Inclusive  Agreeement POLITICAL  FLEXIBILITY
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Cascao Cairo Power Relations Nile Basin

  • 1. POWER RELATIONS, CONFLICT AND COOPERATION IN THE NILE BASIN Ana Elisa Cascão King’s College of London Presentation to: “ The Curse of Scarcity and Abundance? Water and Oil Wars in the Gulf and Nile Basin ” American University of Cairo 5th April 2008
  • 2.
  • 3. NILE - WATER RESOURCES AVAILABILITY NON-NILE
  • 4. NILE - WATER RESOURCES AVAILABILITY AND UTILISATION
  • 6. INEQUALITIES = CONFLICT? Control Allocation Contribution Utilisation
  • 7. CONFLICT OF INTERESTS Historical and acquired rights Potential needs and uses “ New water” Storage infrastructures Hydropower Irrigation Extreme dependence Water for development CONFLICT OF LANGUAGES
  • 8. POWER RELATIONS MATTER! EGYPT SUDAN ETHIOPIA Geography Geography Geography Material power Material power Material power Bargaining power Bargaining power Bargaining power Ideational power Ideational power Ideational power Two Hydropolitical Dynamics: Hegemony & Counter-Hegemony (Adapted from Zeitoun, 2005)
  • 9. GEOPOLITICS ARE CHANGING! USA CHINA EUROPE SUDAN ETHIOPIA EGYPT World Bank
  • 10. COOPERATION = EQUITY? Equitable utilisation Development Benefits Nile Basin Initiative
  • 11.
  • 12. CONFLICT PREVENTION* Planned Water Development Generation of Benefits Downstream Alternative Water Resources Regional Virtual Water Control of expansion of commercial agriculture Relinquish Sovereignty Strong Water Institutions Neutral Knowledge Ethics Multi-level Cooperation New Inclusive Agreeement POLITICAL FLEXIBILITY
  • 13. Thanks for your attention!