1. ANATOMY OF THE LEG By: Dr: Mohammed Faez

2. The Leg It is the portion between the knee and the ankle. It is comprised of two long bones (tibia –medially and fibula -laterally).

3. The Leg The leg is divided into four compartments Anterior compartment Lateral compartment (Superficial) Posterior compartment Deep posterior compartment

7. Anterior Compartment Anterior compartment contains the muscles that dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes. Contains Anterior Tibial Nerve Contains Anterior Tibial Artery.

8. Anterior Compartment Blood supply: Anterior tibial artery. Innervation: Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve.

9. Anterior Compartment The muscles of the compartment are: Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucislongus Extensor digitorumlongus Fibularistertius (peroneustertius)

10. Anterior Compartment TA: Tibialis anterior EDL: Extensor digitorumlongus EHL: Extensor hallucislongus PT: Peroneustertius

11. Anterior Compartment Tibialis anterior (TA) Origin -lateral condyle of tibia, upper half/lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane Insertion - medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal Nerve - deep fibular (peroneal) (L4-5) Action - ankle dorsiflexion, forefoot inversion

12. Anterior Compartment Extensor DigitorumLongus (EDL) Origin - lateral condyle of tibia, ant surface of fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion - dorsum of base of middle phalanx, dorsum of base of distal phalanx Nerve - deep fibular (peroneal) (L5-S1) Action - extension of toes, dorsiflexion of ankle

13. Anterior Compartment Extensor HallucisLongus (EHL) Origin - middle ½ of ant fibula, IM Insertion - distal phalanx of the great toe Nerve - deep fibular (peroneal) (L5-S1) Action - extend the great toe, dorsiflex ankle

14. Anterior Compartment Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Origin - distal 1/3 ant fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion - dorsum shaft of 5th metatarsal Nerve - deep fibular (peroneal) (L5-S1) Action - forefoot eversion, weak ankle dorsiflexion

15. Lateral Compartment Lateral compartment contains the muscles that Everters of the foot (turns foot outward) Contains the superficial peroneal nerve

16. Lateral Compartment Blood supply: No major arteries in lateral compartment. Muscular branches arise from the peroneal artery (Branch of posterior tibial). Nerve supply: Superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve

17. Lateral Compartment Muscles: PeroneusLongus PeroneusBrevis

18. Lateral Compartment Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus (FL) Origin - head, upper 2/3 lateral surface of fibula Its tendon courses behind lateral malleolus, underneath the fibular trochlea, and lies in the groove in the cuboid bone before going to its place of insertion Insertion - inferolateral surface of medial cuneiform , 1st metatarsal on its inferior surface Nerve - superficial fibular (peroneal) (L5-S1) Action - forefoot eversion, ankle plantar flexion

19. Lateral Compartment Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis (FB) Origin - lower 2/3 lateral fibula Courses behind lateral malleolus and underneath the fibular trochlea Insertion - tuberosity on base of 5th metatarsal Nerve - superficial fibular (peroneal) (L5-S1) Action - forefoot eversion, ankle plantar flexion

20. (Superficial) Posterior compartment Posterior compartment contains the plantar flexors muscles. Contains: Short saphenous vein Peroneal communicating branch of the common peroneal nerve Medial cutaneous nerve of the calf Sural nerve

21. (Superficial) Posterior compartment Innervation: Tibial nerve.

22. (Superficial) Posterior compartment Muscles: Gastrocnemius Plantaris Soleus

23. (Superficial) Posterior compartment Gastrocnemius Origin – medial and lateral condyles of femur Insertion –Achilles tendon to calcaneum Nerve -Tibial nerve Action – Plantarflexes foot; flexesleg Blood supply: The popliteal artery

24. (Superficial) Posterior compartment Plantaris Origin – lateral supracondylar ridge of femur Insertion – calcaneum Nerve -Tibial nerve Action – Plantarflexes foot; flexesleg

25. (Superficial) Posterior compartment Soleus Origin – Shafts of tibia and fibula Insertion – Achilles tendon into calcaneum Nerve -Tibial nerve Action – Plantar flexor of foot blood supply Peroneal artery proximally and the posterior tibial artery distally

26. Deep Posterior Compartment Blood supply: The posterior tibial artery Innervation: Tibialnerve.

27. Deep Posterior Compartment Muscles: Popliteus Flexor digitorumlongus Flexor hallucislongus Tibialis posterior

28. Deep Posterior Compartment Popliteus Origin - lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus Insertion – proximal shaft of tibia Nerve -Tibial nerve Action – flex and medially rotate leg

29. Deep Posterior Compartment Flexor digitorumlongus Origin - shaft of tibia Insertion - distal phalanges of toe 2-5 Nerve -Tibial nerve Action – plantarflex and invert foot, flex toe

30. Deep Posterior Compartment Flexor hallucislongus Origin - shaft of fibula Insertion - base of distal phalanx of big toe. Nerve -Tibial nerve Action - plantarflex and invert foot, flex toe

31. Deep Posterior Compartment Tibialis posterior Origin – shafts of tibia and fibula & interosseous membrane Insertion - Major tendon insertion passes to tuberosity of navicular. Posterior tendon slips pass to calcaneus, plantar surface of all 3 cuneforms, cuboid and to base of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals. -- Nerve -Tibial nerve Action - plantarflex and invert foot

32. Pop: popliteus TP: tibialis post. PL: peroneuslongus FD: flex. dig. long. PB: peroneusbrevis FHL: flex. hall. long.

39. THANK YOU