3. Certainly, common people violently answer
and people have numerous misconceptions
about the nature of linguistics.
Most of the people ask wrong Question…….
What are Linguistics?
is
4. 2.The learning of many languages,
or
Polyglottism.
Let us say , therefore forcibly that linguistics is not
be identified with four main fields.
1.The study of history of language,
or
Philology.
5. 3.Literary criticism, or other fields
involving a scale of values, such as
speech training.
4.The traditional study of grammar
as
carried on over the past hundred
years in most of our schools.
6.
7. Phonetics
The study of sounds i.e. how they are
produced & described.
PHONOLGY
The study of how these sounds are arranged
in a Language, i.e. the sound pattern of a
language.
8. Morphology
The study of how words are made in shapes
of words (boy=boys, girl—ish= girlish)
Syntax
When words combine together in sentences ,
they do so according to certain rules . These
rules are the rules of syntax. If we want to
know how sentences are formed in a
language, we study its syntax.
9. Semantics
Now we have got our sentences, we should
know what they mean. The study of meaning
is called semantics.
Pragmatics
The ways in which context contributes to
meaning.
10. A degree in linguistics can be of great value
in the pursuit of careers in education,
publishing, media, social services,
communication, computer languages, voice
analysis research, communicative disorders
and other language related fields.
11. Bilingual Education
Broadcaster/News Reader
Communication Disorders Specialist
Copywriter
Editor
Grant / Proposal writer
Interpreter
Language Planner
Lexicographer
Professor/Instructor/Teacher
Psycholinguist
Public Relations
Publishing
Researcher
Technical Writer
Translator; and many more.
Most of what we are going to discuss today comes from Stephen Krashen. And I have added a little that I have developed over the many years that I have taught ESOL. But let’s first look at how we learn a language. Has anyone in here ever been a baby? Great! Then you learned your first language naturally. And it is still the best way to learn any new language. We follow the exact same steps – we hear it, we say it, we read it, and we write it. If you have ever been around children under the age of 3, you hear them mimicking language. Sometimes they can make a few comprehensible words, but they are always trying to speak. If we didn’t speak to them, they wouldn’t try to speak to us.
In elementary school, students FIRST learn how to read. They may learn the mechanics of writing at the same time they are reading – but reading comes first.
