An Introduction

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ANIRBAN SAHA
AMITY INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY
M.Pharm (Pharmaceutics)
Semester- 2
Enrollment No: A10647014005

2.  Liposomes are the simple microscopic vesicles in which
aqueous layer is enclosed by phospho lipid bilayers that are
used to transfer vaccines ,drugs ,enzymes and other
substances to targetcells or organs
 Structually ,liposomes are concentric bilayerd vesicles in
which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a
membraneous lipid bilayer mainly composed of natural or
synthetic phospholipids.
 Can be produced from cholesterols, non toxic surfactants,
sphingolipids, glycolipids, long chain fatty acids and even
membrane proteins.
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4. COMPOSITION
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Phospholipids:
Dilauryl phosphotidyl choline (DLPC), Dimyristoyl phosphotidyl choline
(DMPC), Dipalmitoy phosphotidyl choline (DPPC), Distearoyl
phosphotidyl choline (DSPC), Dioleolyl phosphotidyl choline (DOPC),
Dilauryl phosphotidyl glycerol (DLPG), Distearoyl phosphotidyl serine
(DSPS).
Cholesterol:
Act as intercalator with phospholipids molecules.
Restrict the confirmational changes of lipids.
Membrane stabilizer.

5. ADVANTAGES
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 Non-toxic.
 Biodegradable.
 Non-immunogenic.
 Lowers systemic toxicity.
 Targeted delivery.
 Protection of sensitive drug molecules.
 Enhance drug solubilisation ( Amphoterecin, Cyclosporins).
 Improved pharmacokinetic effects.

6. • Leakage of encapsulated drug during storage.
• Short half-life.
• Batch to batch variation.
• Difficult in large scale manufacturing and sterilization.
• Production cost is high.
• Once administered, liposomes can not be removed.
• Some times phospholipids undergoes hydrolysis and
oxidation reactions
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7. COMMONLY USED
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
NATURAL
PHOSPHATIDYL
CHOLINE
PHOSPHATIDYL
ETHANOLAMINE
PHOSPHATIDYL
SERINE
SYNTHETIC
DIOLEOYL
PHOSPHATIDYL
CHOLINE
DISTEAROYL
PHOSPHOTIDYL
CHOLINE
DIOLEOYL
PHOSPHATIDYL
ETHANOLAMINE
COMMONLY USED
PHOSPHOLIPIDS

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10. BASED ON PREPARATION METHOD
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12. General Method Of Liposome Formation
All the methods of preparing liposomes involves 3 to 4 steps.
Analysis of final product
Purification of resultant liposomes
Dispersion of lipids in aqueous media
Drying down lipids from organic solvents

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METHODS OF LIPOSOME
PREPARATION
PASSIVE LOADING
Involves loading of the entrapped
agents before or during the
manufacturing procedure
ACTIVE OR REMOTE LOADING
Certain types of compounds with
ionizable groups and those with
both lipid and solubility , can be
introduced into the liposomes after
the formation of the intact vesicles

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15. Classes of Liposomes
CONVENTIONAL LONG CIRCULATING
IMMUNO CATIONIC

16. PHARMACOKINETICS - Efficacy And Toxicity
 Changes the absorbance and bio distribution
 Deliver drug in desired form
 Multidrug resistance
PROTECTION
 Decrease harmful side effects
 Change where drug accumulates in the body
 Protects drug
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17. Lack long term stability (short shelf life)
 Physical and chemical instability
 Freeze dry and pH adjustment
Low “Pay Load” - Poor Encapsulation
 Drugs and drugs without opposite charge
 Modifications
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19.  Y. Sultana., Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems: An Update Review. ,
Current Drug Delivery 2007, 4, 297-305.
 Sharma Shailesh, Sharma Neelam, Kumar Sandeep, Gupta GD.,
Liposomes: Areview., Journal of Pharmacy Research 2009,
2(7),1163-1167.
 Mohammad Riaz., Liposomes Preparation Methods., Pakistan
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.19(1), January 1996, 65-
77.
 MU Uhumwangho and RS Okor., Current trends in the production
and biomedical applications of liposomes: a review ., JMBR June
2005 Vol. 4(1) 9-21.
 http://www.biopharminternational.com/biopharm/data/articlesta
ndard/biopharm/032002/7278/article.pdf., web, 28.01.2012
 http://www.ias.ac.in/jarch/currsci/68/00000742.pdf.,web,
28.01.2012
 D.D. Lasic., Applications of Liposomes., Handbook of Biological
Physics., Elsevier Science B.V.., 1995., Vol.1., 1-29
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