5 - indian ocean trade and ideas ppt

1. Trade Routes:Trade Routes:
Silk Road, Indian Ocean, Trans-Silk Road, Indian Ocean, Trans-
SaharanSaharan
►USE THE SHEET:USE THE SHEET:
http://tinyurl.com/hjk3zfjhttp://tinyurl.com/hjk3zfj

2. Trade Routes:Trade Routes:
Silk Road, Indian Ocean, Trans-Silk Road, Indian Ocean, Trans-
SaharanSaharan
The spread of economic activity,The spread of economic activity,
religion, and disease through tradereligion, and disease through trade
Use with 5 – Social Studies – Indian Ocean Trade & Ideas Cloze Notes
http://tinyurl.com/hjk3zfj

3. Impact of TradeImpact of Trade
►Brought wealth and access to foreignBrought wealth and access to foreign
products and enabled people to concentrateproducts and enabled people to concentrate
their efforts ontheir efforts on economiceconomic activitiesactivities bestbest
suited to their regionssuited to their regions
►Facilitated the spread ofFacilitated the spread of religiousreligious
traditionstraditions beyond their original homelandsbeyond their original homelands
►Facilitated the transmission ofFacilitated the transmission of diseasedisease

5. Where did it go?Where did it go?
► Linked China and the Holy Roman EmpireLinked China and the Holy Roman Empire
 The two extreme ends of EurasiaThe two extreme ends of Eurasia
► Started in the Han capital of Chang’an and went west to theStarted in the Han capital of Chang’an and went west to the
Taklamakan DesertTaklamakan Desert
 There the road split into two main branches that skirted the desertThere the road split into two main branches that skirted the desert
to the north and southto the north and south
► In northern Iran, the route joined with roads to ports on theIn northern Iran, the route joined with roads to ports on the
Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf and proceeded toCaspian Sea and the Persian Gulf and proceeded to
Palmyra (modern Syria)Palmyra (modern Syria)
 There it met roads coming from Arabia and ports on the Red SeaThere it met roads coming from Arabia and ports on the Red Sea
► The Silk Roads also provided access at ports likeThe Silk Roads also provided access at ports like
Guangzhou in southern China that led to maritime routes toGuangzhou in southern China that led to maritime routes to
India and Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka)India and Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka)

6. Organization of Long-distance TradeOrganization of Long-distance Trade
► Individual merchants usually did not travel fromIndividual merchants usually did not travel from
one end of Eurasia to the otherone end of Eurasia to the other
► Instead they handled long-distance trade in stagesInstead they handled long-distance trade in stages

7. Silk Road Trade to the WestSilk Road Trade to the West
► Silk and spices traveled west fromSilk and spices traveled west from
southeast Asia, China, and Indiasoutheast Asia, China, and India
 China was the only country inChina was the only country in
classical times where cultivatorsclassical times where cultivators
and weavers had developedand weavers had developed
techniques for producing high-techniques for producing high-
quality silk fabricsquality silk fabrics
 Spices served not just to seasonSpices served not just to season
food but also as drugs,food but also as drugs,
anesthetics, perfumes, aromatics,anesthetics, perfumes, aromatics,
and magical potionsand magical potions
Chinese silk making

8. Silk Road Trade to the EastSilk Road Trade to the East
► Central Asia produced large, strong horses andCentral Asia produced large, strong horses and
jade that was highly prized by Chinese stonejade that was highly prized by Chinese stone
carverscarvers
► The Roman empire traded glassware, jewelry,The Roman empire traded glassware, jewelry,
works of art, decorative items, perfumes, bronzeworks of art, decorative items, perfumes, bronze
goods, wool and linen textiles, pottery, iron tools,goods, wool and linen textiles, pottery, iron tools,
olive oil, wine, and gold and silver bullionolive oil, wine, and gold and silver bullion

9. Spread of Religion: Buddhism andSpread of Religion: Buddhism and
HinduismHinduism
► Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) firstSiddhartha Gautama (Buddha) first
announced his doctrine publicly inannounced his doctrine publicly in
India in 528 B.C.India in 528 B.C.
 By the 3By the 3rdrd
Century B.C., Buddhism wasCentury B.C., Buddhism was
well-established in northern Indiawell-established in northern India
► Buddhism was especially successfulBuddhism was especially successful
in attracting merchants as convertsin attracting merchants as converts
 Merchants carried Buddhism along theMerchants carried Buddhism along the
Silk Roads where it first established aSilk Roads where it first established a
presence in the oasis towns wherepresence in the oasis towns where
merchants and their caravans stoppedmerchants and their caravans stopped
for food, rest, lodging, and marketsfor food, rest, lodging, and markets
► Hinduism also spread along the SilkHinduism also spread along the Silk
Roads, primarily along the sea lanesRoads, primarily along the sea lanes

10. Spread of Religion: ChristianitySpread of Religion: Christianity
► Antioch, the westernAntioch, the western
terminus of the overland Silkterminus of the overland Silk
Roads, was an importantRoads, was an important
center in early Christianitycenter in early Christianity
► Like other religions,Like other religions,
Christianity followed theChristianity followed the
trade routes and expandedtrade routes and expanded
east throughouteast throughout
Mesopotamia, Iran, and asMesopotamia, Iran, and as
far away as Indiafar away as India
► However, its greatestHowever, its greatest
concentration was in theconcentration was in the
Mediterranean basin, whereMediterranean basin, where
the Roman Roads, like thethe Roman Roads, like the
Silk Roads, provided readySilk Roads, provided ready
transportationtransportation

11. Disease: Bubonic PlagueDisease: Bubonic Plague
► During the 1330s plague erupted in southwesternDuring the 1330s plague erupted in southwestern
ChinaChina
► During the 1340s, Mongols, merchants, and otherDuring the 1340s, Mongols, merchants, and other
travelers helped to spread the disease along tradetravelers helped to spread the disease along trade
routes to points west of Chinaroutes to points west of China
► By 1346 it had reached the Black Sea ports ofBy 1346 it had reached the Black Sea ports of
Caffa and TanaCaffa and Tana

13. Bubonic Plague in EuropeBubonic Plague in Europe
► In 1347 ItalianIn 1347 Italian
merchants fled themerchants fled the
plague-infected Blackplague-infected Black
Sea ports andSea ports and
unwittingly spread theunwittingly spread the
disease to thedisease to the
Mediterranean BasinMediterranean Basin
► By 1348, followingBy 1348, following
trade routes, plaguetrade routes, plague
had sparked epidemicshad sparked epidemics
in most of westernin most of western
EuropeEurope
Illustration of bubonic plagueIllustration of bubonic plague
in the Toggenburg Biblein the Toggenburg Bible
(1411)(1411)

14. End of Silk RoadEnd of Silk Road
► The spread of the bubonic plague
and the collapse of the Mongol
Empire
► Muslim mariners began avoiding
the overland route
► Europeans wanted access to those
Asian goods without having to go
through the Muslim middlemen
► They began seeking maritime
trade routes directly to Asia which
would largely displace the Silk
Roads
► European Explorations

15. Indian Ocean TradeIndian Ocean Trade
► ““Zone of interaction”Zone of interaction”
► First ocean to beFirst ocean to be
crossedcrossed
► ““Sailor's ocean”Sailor's ocean”
 Warm waterWarm water
 Fairly placid watersFairly placid waters
 Wind patterns: oneWind patterns: one
way = north ofway = north of
equator, the other =equator, the other =
south of the equatorsouth of the equator
► Lateen Sail allowedLateen Sail allowed
sailors to sail acrosssailors to sail across
the Indian ocean,the Indian ocean,
could sail into windcould sail into wind

16. Trade GoodsTrade Goods
► Teak from IndiaTeak from India
► Mangrove swamps in East AfricaMangrove swamps in East Africa
► Arabian horses to IndiaArabian horses to India
► Spices from Southeast Asia &Spices from Southeast Asia &
Spice IslandsSpice Islands
► Frankincense from Arabia andFrankincense from Arabia and
AfricaAfrica
► Slave trades & labor migrationsSlave trades & labor migrations
 Slaves from East Africa toSlaves from East Africa to
Arabia/IndiaArabia/India
 From Southeast Asia to SouthernFrom Southeast Asia to Southern
AfricaAfrica

17. Spread of IdeasSpread of Ideas
►ReligionReligion
 Indian merchants brought Brahmin priestsIndian merchants brought Brahmin priests
 Muslim scholars brought by Arab merchantsMuslim scholars brought by Arab merchants
 Christian merchants brought priestsChristian merchants brought priests
►Trading LanguageTrading Language
 Swahili: mix of Arabic, Indian, and BantuSwahili: mix of Arabic, Indian, and Bantu
(African)(African)