Pharmacy instruments

1. Instruments used in pharmacy Laboratory

2. Ointment Box/container:-
It is a calibrated plastic container used
to dispense creams, ointments,
emulsions and pastes.

3. Glass Beaker with stirrer/glass
rod:-
A beaker is a cylindrical container
used to store, mix and heat liquids
in laboratory. Beakers usually have
a flat bottoms and a lip around the
top.
Stirrer/glass rod is used to mix the
ingredients (solutes) in given
vehicle(solvent).

4. Glass Mortar with pestle:-
A mortar is a vessel in which substances are
grinded or crushed into fine powder or
paste.A Pestle is a tool to crush, mash or
grind materials in a mortar.
Some preparations of iodine and
potassium permanganate can stain ceramic
containers but don’t stain glass mortar and
pestle, therefore should be prepared in glass
mortar with the use of glass pestle.
Pestle
Mortar

5. Ceramic/Porcelain mortar with
pestle
A mortar is a vessel in which
substances are grinded or crushed
into fine powder or paste.A Pestle
is a tool to crush, mash or grind
materials in a mortar.
Preparations like tooth powder
and ORS salts are grinded in
ceramic mortar using ceramic
pestle.
Pestle
Mortar

6. Chine Dish/Evaporating
basin
China Dish/evaporating basins
are used to evaporate excess
solvents/water in order to
produce a concentrated
solution or a solid precipitate
of the dissolved substance.
These are generally made of
porcelain or borosilicate glass.

7. Droppers:-
Droppers are calibrated instruments use for measuring and transferring liquids in
very small quantity. They consist of a long plastic tube with an opening at the end
and a rubber bulb at the top

8. Steel spatula:-
Spatula are small stainless steel utensils, used for scraping,
transferring or applying powders and paste like chemicals or
treatments. Steel spatulas are resistant to acids, bases, heat and
solvents which make them ideal for use with a wide range of
compounds.
Spatulas may be of plastic or wooden too depending upon their
use. Wooden spatula are used for cooking and frying in kitchen.

9. Conical measure
Graduated conical measure is
used for measuring precise
volumes of liquids in
laboratory
Conical measures are
commonly used for
compounding by
pharmacist.These are made up
of plastic, glass or plastic glass
or borosilicate with
calibrations on one side.

10. Conical measure(small):-
Graduate conical measure is a form of
laboratory equipment used for
measuring precise volumes of liquids
particularly by pharmacists.
They may be made of plastic glass or
borosilicate glass. Conical measures
are commonly used for compounding
pharmacist.
Advantage being easy pouring and
ability to mix solutions within the
measure itself. These are also used by
patients to measure liquid
medicaments for oral administration.

11. Measuring cylinder:-
Measuring cylinder or graduated
cylinder is used to measure the volume
of a liquid. It has narrow cylindrical
shape. Each marked line on the
graduated cylinder represents the
amount of liquid that has been
measured. It is used for transferring
and mixing solutions. It is easy to
prepare stock solutions in measuring
cylinder.

12. Amber/Brown coloured dispensing bottle:-
Amber coloured dispensing bottles are used
for storing and dispensing solid and liquid
ingredients or reagents so as to protect the
contents from UV rays of sunlight. Amber
color is ideal for light sensitive products.
These coloured bottles help to ensure
product intensity for long term storage.
e.g.-iodine preparation, povidone iodine,
Mandl’s throat paint, potassium permanganate
crystals, some astringent preparations etc.
These are provided with screwed lid or cork to
close the mouth of bottle tightly.

13. Reagent Bottle:-
Reagent bottle are containers
made of glass, plastic or
borosilicate and topped by
special caps or stoppers. These
are intended to contain chemicals
in liquid or powder form for
laboratories and stored in
cabinets. The coloured reagent
bottles are also available to
protect light sensitive contents
from sunlight.

14. Electronic/digital weighing machine
It is a sensor based laboratory instrument
used for making precise measurements of
small weight/mass of object(of the order
of a million parts of gram and below)
with digital display.
They are inbuilt battery driven and
provided with charges for their charging
during working in laboratory. Before
using them the balance needs to be
corrected for any zero error using its
settings “zero". Different units of weight
can be set as per the requirement.
e.g.-gram, milligram, microgram, nano
gram

15. Electric hot plate:-
Hotplates are generally used to heat
contents of glassware/china dish. some
hot plates also contain a magnetic stirrer,
allowing the heated liquid to be stirred
automatically.
Temperature control knobs are provided
to regulate temperature of plate. The
operating temperature of hot plates varies
from 100 to 750oC

16. Micropippette:-
Pippettes and micropippettes are used
to measure and deliver accurate
volumes of liquid. Micropippettes
measure a much smaller volume
starting at 1microliter while pipettes
generally starts at 1 milliliter.
Micropipette work by air displacement.
The operator depresses a plunger that
moves an internal piston to one of two
different position. The first stop is used
to fill the micropipette tip and the
second stop is used to dispense the
contents of the tip.

17. Sir Ram Nath chopra:-
Considered as father of Indian Pharmacology
DOB:-17 August 1882
Place of birth- Gujranwala, Punjab
Date of Death:- 13 June 1973
Place of Death:- Srinagar, Kashmir
Father:- Dewan Raghu Nath Chopra
Contribution:-
He was the first to establish a centre of study and
research in pharmacology in India, at the Calcutta
School of Tropical Medicine
First introduce and done study on Rauwolfia
serpentine

18. Oswald Schmiedeberg:-(1838- 1921)
German pharmacologist
Father of Modern Pharmacology
Contribution:-
 he discovered glucuronic acid as a conjugation
partner in xenobiotic