2. Perception is a process by which an individual organizes
and interprets its sensory impressions in order to give
meaning to their environment.
Several aspects of Perception known as perceptual
processes are:
It is by,
• Seeing
• Hearing
• Smelling
• Tasting
• Touching
1. The process of receiving stimuli
Introduction
3. 2. Process of selecting stimuli
Out of all received stimuli some necessary stimuli are
selected for further processing
Factors governing selection of stimuli :
internal factors &
external factors
3
5. 2.2. Internal factors influencing selection
Psychological need
Background
Experience
Personality 5
Movement
Repetition
A A A A A
A A L A A
A A A P A
A A A A A
6. 3. Process of organizing
The aspect of forming bits of
information into meaningful
wholes is called perceptual
organization
4. Process of interpreting
6
It is the process understanding and giving
meaning to the organized stimuli
7. 7
i. Perpetual set:
Previously held belief about something influences the
perception.
ii. Attribution:
How a person perceives by assigning a cause to the
behaviour he conceives.
iii. Stereotyping:
When an individual perceives on the basis of group
characteristics to which he belongs.
Various factors contributing interpretation of data are,
8. 8
iv. Halo effect:
drawing a general impression about an individual on
the basis of single characteristics such as intelligence,
sociability or appearance.
v. Projection:
People tend to see others in other persons’ traits
that they themselves possess.
vi. Perceptual defense:
An individual likes to defend when it comes across
any unacceptable stimuli.
9. 9
5. Process of checking:
The perceiver confirms whether his/her
interpretation is right or wrong.
6. process of reacting:
The perceiver shows whether his perception is favourable
to him or not by his reactions.
10. 10
Conclusion:
Perception is a complex process by which an
individual selectively absorbs or assimilates the stimuli
in the environment, cognitively organizes it in a specific
fashion and then interprets the information to give a
meaning to the environment.
