Sample Report on Organizations And Behavior by Assignment Prime

Free Sample Report on Organizations And Behavior by Assignment Prime
Organizations
And
Behaviour

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
1.1.................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3.................................................................................................................................................... 5
TASK 2.................................................................................................................................................1
2.1.................................................................................................................................................... 1
2.2.................................................................................................................................................... 1
2.3.................................................................................................................................................... 2
TASK 3.................................................................................................................................................3
3.1.................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.2.................................................................................................................................................... 4
3.3.................................................................................................................................................... 4
TASK 4 ...............................................................................................................................................5
4.1.................................................................................................................................................... 5
4.2.................................................................................................................................................... 6
4.3.................................................................................................................................................... 7
CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................................... 7
References............................................................................................................................................ 9
Online.............................................................................................................................................11
Sample Report on Organizations and
Behaviour
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INTRODUCTION
Organization behaviour is the study of interface between human
behaviour and organization which helps to identify the fields including
psychology, communication, sociology and management. In order to manage
all the activities, organisational behaviour includes concepts such as leadership,
motivation, job satisfaction and team building (Alavosius and et.al., 2016).
Present report is based on GlaxoSmithKline which is headquartered in London
that is a health care company engaged in the creation and discovery,
development, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical products. This
report covers, comparison of the structure and culture of GSK with other similar
organisation. Further, it covers leadership styles followed by the firm. Moreover,
comparison of different motivational theories at the workplace of GSK is
studied and at last, the impact of technology on team functioning within
organisation is highlighted.
TASK 1
1.1
In an organisation, different types of structures and culture are to be
followed which includes hierarchical, functional as well as geographical and
matrix. A hierarchical structure means a person is authorized to one single
entity in an organization. In matrix structure, it considers the firm in which
employees have dual reporting relationship which means that they have to
report both; functional as well as the area manager (Daft, 2010). On the other
side, culture of organization includes the system of values and beliefs in which
people have common understanding and relationship. The workplace has an
open environment in which they provide opportunities for socialising amongst
employees.
There are four types of culture given by Charles Handy which includes
power, task, person and role. Firstly, power culture says that in an organization,
there is only few people who are authorized to make decisions. Further, task
culture refers to the firm where teams are formed to achieve a particular task
or goal. Now, person culture is the one in which employees feel that they are

important for their organization as main emphasis is given on them only
(Anderson, Potočnik and Zhou, 2014). At last, role culture is that where roles
and responsibilities are delegated to employees according to their interest and
qualification.
In context of GSK, they follow a flat hierarchical structure in which there
is few levels of management rather than multiple levels and another structure
is matrix based in which employees have dual reporting relationship that
means they have to report both the functional as well as the area manager. On
the other side, culture of GSK is task based which is job or project oriented
where teams are formed to achieve the set goals.
Structure
GSK Boots
It follows the flat hierarchical
structure.
It follows a tall hierarchical structure.
Advantage of flat hierarchical is that it
elevates the employee’s
responsibilities in organization (French,
2011).
Advantage of tall hierarchical structure
is to make opportunities for
advancement and more specialized
managers.
Disadvantage of flat hierarchical is
that management can easily lose
control.
Disadvantage of tall hierarchical is
higher costs and reduced
empowerment.
Culture
GSK Boots
It follows task based culture. It follows a power based culture
Advantage of task based culture is
that it leads employees to make
healthy relation with each other and
Advantage of power based culture is
that there is only few people who are
authorized to take decisions.

form a strong bonding at workplace.
Disadvantage of task based culture is
that is it difficult to achieve economies
of scale.
Disadvantage of power based culture
is the potential of misuse which can
harm the organization.
1.2
There is direct connection between the organizational structure and
culture. It has some impacts on the performance of organization. GSK is
required to match its structure with the type of culture it has. The flat structure
in organisation tends to maintain employee relationship and responsibilities. It
follows a culture where employees are assigned with roles and responsibilities
according to their interest and qualification (Ankli and Palliam. 2012). There are
various issues which are to be handled in an effective manner so that it would
create positivity among employees. Moreover, the views and opinions are
concerned in decision making process so that they can feel the sense of
involvement. In addition to this, it adopts task based culture which help
employees to make a strong bonding and good relation with each other at
workplace and teams are formed to achieve particular objectives (Pan, Qin and
Gao, 2014). It helps to increase the profitability of company. The independent
culture and behaviour also put high impact on the behaviour of employees as
an individual or team. Thus, there is a direct link between organizational
culture and structure and it will highly influences the performance of
organization.
1.3
There are various factors which influence the behaviour of individuals or
groups in GSK.
Some of these factors are as follows:
 Process of Communication: It is the most important factor which
influences the behaviour of employees in company. By implementing
proper communication policies, employees of GSK are able to share their

views and opinions for different aspects.
 Flexibility: It is also an essential factor that affects the behaviour of
employees at workplace. It includes working in changed environment
where employees of GSK expect to have some flexibility (Bissell and
Dolan, 2012).
 Motivation: It is another important factor that affects the behaviour of
employees for which GSK adopted various models and theories of
motivation in order to keep employees highly encouraged. It is necessary
to fulfil the needs and demands of employees to keep them motivated so
that their efficiency and productivity can be increased.
 Environment of work: If the stated organization would have positive
working environment, then it will increase the potential of employees and
they will be able to progress and grow (French, 2011).
 Skills and Abilities: Individual or group behaviour of employees at GSK get
influenced by the abilities and skills that they possess. There are different
kinds of people working with distinct skills and they share their
knowledge and experience with each other which improves their
performance (Hashim and Wok, 2014). The sharing of knowledge and
skills positively affect the overall growth of organisation.
 Leadership Style: In GSK, leaders give equal importance to individual
employee or groups that will increases their motivation as well as they
feel equally treated and recognized. Adopting suitable leadership style
helps in improving employee's behaviour and performance in the
organization.
TASK 2
2.1
Leadership has a significant impact on not only in small businesses but
also, has a great effect on large enterprises. These leadership styles have their
effect on every employee of both the organisations, that is, GSK and Boots
whether they are from top level management or lower level. They create a

corporate culture that has a great influencing power to organisation and
performance of employees. Some of these leadership styles which are effective
in different organizations(Pinder, 2014):
Autocratic style effects: Autocratic leadership refers to that style in which
there is no involvement in the decision making process and autocratic leaders
take their decision on their own. It is effective in GSK because the leaders are
taking their decisions individually at senior level management. On the other
side, it is also effective in Boots to make quick decisions and to have total
control on the overall and streamlined work process.
Participative leadership effects: Participative leadership is also known as
democratic leadership which means that in this style, everyone has a right to
give opinions to their team leaders(Miner, 2015). Here, leaders reserve the
right to take final decision but they appreciate ideas, feedback and
recommendations from staff members. The impact of democratic leadership
in both the organisations because they respect the ideas and focus on the
discussion with the employee's.
Delegative leadership effects: This leadership style provides guidance to
team members and give responsibilities of decision-making to trusted
members. This style has some disadvantages also which creates confusion of
line of authority to GSK and Boots. So, loss of motivation and positivity often
confuse the team members.
Corporate culture style effects: This leadership style has a strong effect on
corporate culture of GSK and Boots. This also helps in operations which
depends on the strengths and efficiency of leadership(Borkowski, 2015).
2.2
Management takes place within the structure of organizational settings
and their roles. It is essential to the achievement of goals and objectives by
the efforts of people. Following are the management theories which influencing
the GSK: :
Classical management theory: Classical management theory focuses
on the structure and it explains the benefits for organisation. There are some

principles of classical management theory which are as follows:
Authority- There is right to give an order with respect to responsibility.
Initiatives- All level of employees should get promoted within the limits of
authority and responsibility(Champoux, 2015).
Discipline- Rules and regulations according to the formal or informal
agreements between employees and firm.
Order- It is a place for the right person.
Equity- All employees are treated equally.
Unity of directions- one head and one plan for all group of activities.
Unity of command- superior personality
Division of work- work is equally divided according to the performance.
Advantage of the theory-
This theory helps to the stated organisation to plan and forecast the
future actions to command and organise as well as to control and coordinate
the activities. This theory gives a detailed information regarding the unity of
command and centralization(Reid, 2013).
Disadvantage of the theory-
The main disadvantage of this theory, it is a cost effective system and
huge investment is required in the establishment of planning department it
includes training of employees, work study. Many of these principles have been
wrapped into modern day organisation. They are not design with the conditions
of rapid changes and there is a issue of participation of employees in the
decision-making process.
2.3
Both GSK and Boots use the management approaches to manage their
organisations. Leadership is seen to focus on personality attributes, power
relations and art of compliance. Thus, effective leadership style always
approaches to achieve the goals and objectives of the organisation. So the
leader is the person who has to manage all the activities and to direct the
members of organisation. There are three approaches to management which
are used by the cited organisation(Cooper, 2016):

Contingency Approach :
contingency approach depend on the the theory that effectiveness of
management is contingent or dependent on the application of behaviour and
specific situations. GSK and Boots, both the organisations use this approach to
manage the situations in a proper manner. The method worked very well as the
leader of Boots overcome through economic crisis. Thus, contingency approach
is the perfect choice for the management.
Human relation approach:
Human relation approach used to manage the organisation. As per the
GSK, they care for their employees and give passion and convenient facilities
to develop them. On the other side, Boots require to care more about their
employees otherwise it damages the creativity of their employees(Lindebaum
and Geddes, 201). Thus, this approach is all about the thinking of employees
and it is the responsibility of leader to make them believe that they are
important for the organisation.
Socio technical approach:
This approach is leads to the development of organisation with the
interaction between people and technology at workplace. Both GSK and Boots
follow this approach in technical aspect and to enhance the performance of
their employees.Thus, these three approaches to management are important
to both the organisation in an effective and efficient manner.
TASK 3
3.1
Leadership plays an important role in an organisation, it helps to increase
the motivation level of employees and the impact of different leadership style
may have on motivation during the change implementation in the
GSK(Ashkanasy, 2015). In can be stated that, there is a direct impact of
leadership style on the behaviour of employees. Due to the adoption of
democratic leadership style, the employees are highly motivated. In such type
of style, leaders encourages the views and opinions of employee at the time of
decision-making process and formulation of strategies. Apart from this,

employees are considered as the important part of organisation which increase
their motivation level. On the other side, autocratic leadership style create
dissatisfaction in the mind of employees because they will not consider the
ideas of their respective staff members and so that they not behave in a proper
manner(Fisher and To, 2012). Further, the use of autocratic leadership style in
long run can results in lowering down the productivity and effectiveness of all
staff members in the cited organisation. It helps to make quick decision which
will be effective in organisation and that increases the level of motivation in
employees. In addition to this, corporate culture leadership helps to increase
the motivation level at period of change in the organisation. It creates a good
environment at workplace and employees are intend to do more work in that
changes(Lai, Lam and Lam, 2013).
3.2
There are various motivational theories which are used by organisation
with an aim of enhancing morale and motivation level of their employees. In
the current scenario, GSK adopted Herzberg two factor theory of motivation
which includes two elements motivators and hygiene. Here, the organisation
need to give better pay, working conditions, sense of achievements,
responsibilities and proper recognition to their respective employees in order to
motivate them. On the other side, if GSK adopted Maslow theory of motivation
then companies should focus on the satisfaction of their employees in order to
motivate them(Lind and van den Bos, 2013). Cited organisation should require
to satisfy the needs of lower level management like security, shelter and food.
Further, recognition, appreciation along with the monetary incentives will be
used in order to motivate the employee's at middle and higher level
management. Maslow theory emphasizes fact upon that every employee has a
various sets of needs and companies are required to fulfil those needs to
encourage them to give best performance. This theory also satisfy the needs of
safety and give respect to the members of cited organisation .The level of self
actualization in the Maslow theory describes that each desire of employees
must be fulfil. Therefore, these two motivational theories helps to increase the

level of motivation in employees(Arvey and Zhang, 2015). It can be stated that
different theories of motivation will be effective to increase morale and
efficiency of workers in the cited organisation. To fulfil the satisfaction of
employee needs and providing hygienic work conditions will act as a creativity
and contribution in overall success of the organisation.
3.3
Motivation theories are most important for managers of GSK in order to
increase the level of motivation in employees. The main function of managers
is to getting things done through employees, there are mainly two factor
which determine the motivation level of employees. These theories improves
the level of efficiency of employees which leads to increase in productivity,
reducing the cost of operations. Further, motivational theories helps to achieve
the goals of organisation by optimum utilisation of resources with cooperative
work environment. Managers provide maximum facilities to their employees
and consider them as a important part of organisation(Leana, Mittal and Stiehl,
2012). To give monetary and non monetary incentives, promotional
opportunities to employees so that it is useful for managers and it leads to
stability of workforce in cited organisation.
TASK 4
4.1
The term group can be defined as a form of two or more people who are
work together to achieve the same objective. When people work in groups, the
goals of organisation can be easily achieved. It is important to do work in a
group so that it creates a social identity of employees in that
organisation(Ployhart, 2015).
Nature of Group : Group are divided into two categories is that, formal
and informal. Formal groups are establishing by management as it is a part of
the structure of the organisation. In terms of GSK, there are various groups are
formed by the leaders to achieve particular tasks and objectives. In formal
groups, there are various responsibilities and assignment are given to different
members of the organisation. Apart from it, informal groups are formed for

those who are work together for long period of time. Example of informal
groups are interest and friendship groups which are created for the support
and growth of employees.
Group behaviour: In context of above, group behaviour of employees in
GSK is positive towards each other. Further, they work as a team for achieving
goals and objectives and at the same time the group members have to perform
the tasks in proper deadline. It also includes the work which is divided as per
the members in group and the behaviour of each person has a great impact on
their performance(Mohanty and Rath, 2012). Major impact of group behaviour
is increase in productivity and are useful for organisation because they form
foundation of human resources. Thus, group behaviour is important aspect for
the organisation and it helps in the development of employees.
4.2
According to the case, organisation need to work on effective teamwork
to achieve the goals and objectives. So that GSK adopted various factors which
promote the development of effective teamwork which are as follow:
Communication: Effective teamwork is facilitate by open and clear
communication within GSK. All the team members should respect the targets
and responsibilities given to them. To maintain the effective teamwork there
should be a proper conversation between all the members of the organisation
is must(Kilburg and Donohue, 2014). So that all the employees can freely ask
queries to anyone and it helps in development of effective teamwork in an
organisation.
Leadership: Leadership plays an essential role in teamwork. All teams in an
organisation are benefited by the leader who inspire and encourage them by
coordinating the efforts of team members to give their opinion at the time of
meetings. Thus, teamwork is supported by the effective leadership in the
stated organisation.
Diversity: Effective teams of GSK are constituted by a diversity of talents,
culture and personalities. Creativity and innovations can be promoted by
diversity and it raise awareness and respect for differences and so this will

support effective teamwork with the organisation(Härtel and O’Connor, 2014).
Thus, in GSK diversity plays an important role to promote the development of
effective teamwork.
Team building exercises: Effective teamwork is developed by sharing
experiences and practices. For development of effective teams, it is important
to determine the factor which influencing the use of team building activities. To
improve the aspects of team performance such as problem solving,
communication or creativity organisation need to target on team building
exercises. Thus, there is an effective way in organisation to bring people
together is games and drills which helps to build relationship, promote mutual
understanding of interest and strength and weaknesses(Wine, Reis and Hantula,
2014).
4.3
There are various set of challenges which are faced by the organisations.
However , the new technologies has been introduced at workplaces. In order
to GSK, they see the new technology as a means of profit and stay competitive
in the market(Pirraglia, 2016). There are different impacts of technology on
team functioning which includes e-mail, mobile phones, groupware and
computers which improved the functions of team within an organization. GSK
use these technologies to improve functions of team. E-mail allows the
employees to communicate with each other from different places and they
don't need to at the same places in order to communicate effectively(Hammer,
2016). They use mobile phones which allows to communicate when team
members are unavailable or out of office. Further, GSK use personal computers
for communication regarding different tasks and objectives. So it improves the
performance of member of organisation in order to the usage of various
technology and so that it creates a good functioning at workplace. It also helps
to create a good working environment for the different people in the
organisation. Thus, information technology plays an important role in GSK to
deliver strong profits and they improved scanners for better services.

CONCLUSION
It is concluded that, the GSK has different organisational structure and
culture. Besides this, this report cover the culture of Charles Handy which task,
power, role and person and it summarized the various factors which
influenced the organisational structure and culture such as environmental and
personal. This report also cover effectiveness of different leadership style at
GSK and the impact of this styles on motivation of employees . In order to
evaluate different approaches to management GSK use motivational theories
of Maslow's need and Herzberg theories and it also includes the usefulness of
motivation theory for managers and limitations of it . At last, it covers the
nature of groups and group behaviour within the cited organisation and the
factors which promote the development of effective teamwork and impact of
technology in team functioning. Thus, technology has a great impact on the
functioning of organisation.
Sample Report on Organizations and
Behaviour
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
● Alavosius, M. and et.al., 2016. A functional contextualist analysis of the
behavior and organizational practices relevant to climate change. The Wiley
Handbook of Contextual Behavioral Science. pp.513-530.
● Allen, D.G. and Shanock, L.R., 2013. Perceived organizational support and
embeddedness as key mechanisms connecting socialization tactics to
commitment and turnover among new employees. Journal of Organizational
Behavior. 34(3). pp.350-369.
● Anderson, N., Potočnik, K. and Zhou, J., 2014. Innovation and creativity in
organizations a state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and
guiding framework. Journal of Management. 40(5). pp.1297-1333.
● Ankli. E. R. and Palliam. R., 2012. "Enabling a motivated workforce:
exploring the sources of motivation". Development and Learning in
Organizations: An International Journal. 26(2). pp. 7 – 10.
● Arvey, R.D. and Zhang, Z., 2015. Biological Factors in Organizational
Behavior and I/O Psychology: An Introduction to the Special Section. Applied
Psychology. 64(2). pp.281-285.
● Ashkanasy, N.M., 2015. Emotions in organizational behavior (pp. x-x).
Oxford University Press.
● Bissell, G. and Dolan, P., 2012. Organisational Behaviour for Social Work.
Policy Press.
● Borkowski, N., 2015. Organizational behavior, theory, and design in health
care. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

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