Drones
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Drones
- 2. CONTENTS • Introduction • Brief History of UAVs • Sub-System of UAV • Design Parameters • Applications of UAV i. Disaster relief ii. Search and rescue iii. Sports iv. Armed Attacks • UAVs of India • INDIAN UAV compared with U.S. UAV • UAV's disadvantages
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Drones are also referred as UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle • It is an aircraft without an onboard pilot, thus the name ‘unmanned’ aerial vehicle • It’s flight is either pre-defined or controlled autonomously by computers or under the remote control of a pilot on the ground.
- 4. BRIEF HISTORY OF UAV • In 1916, A. M. Low’s “Aerial Target” was one of the first unmanned aerial vehicle • The birth of U.S. UAVs began in 1959 when United States Air Force officers were concerned about losing pilots over hostile territory and they thought of unmanned flights. • In the year 1964, U.S Navy initiated America’s highly classified ‘Red Wagon’ UAVs into their first combat missions of the Vietnam war.
- 5. SUB-SYSTEM OF UAV • UAV is a system consisting of different subsystems • Unmanned aircraft (UA) • Control system, such as Ground Control Station (GCS) • Control link • other related support equipment required as per the application.
- 7. DESIGN PARAMETERS • Aerodynamics • Payload • Endurance • Speed and range • Communications • Navigation system • Launch and recovery
- 8. CLASSIFICATION OF UAVS UAVs typically fall into one of six functional categories: • Target and decoy – providing ground and aerial gunnery a target that simulates an enemy aircraft or missile • Reconnaissance – providing battlefield intelligence • Combat – providing attack capability for high-risk missions • Logistics – UAVs specifically designed for cargo and logistics operation • Research and development – used to further develop UAV technologies to be integrated into field deployed UAV aircraft • Civil and Commercial UAVs – UAVs specifically designed for civil and
- 9. APPLICATIONS OF UAV • There are many different applications of UAVs. Some of the applications of UAVs are listed below, while some are explained further i. Search and rescue ii. Disaster relief iii. Sports iv. Commercial aerial surveillance v. Commercial and motion picture filmmaking vi. Armed attacks
- 10. DISASTER RELIEF • UAVs transport medicines and vaccines, and retrieve medical samples, into and out of remote or otherwise inaccessible regions • Drones can help in disaster relief by gathering information from across an affected area
- 11. SEARCH AND RESCUE • During the 2008 hurricanes that struck Louisiana and Texas, Micro UAVs, such as the ‘Aeryon Scout’, have been used to perform search for missing persons. • ‘Predators’, operating between 18,000–29,000 feet above sea level, performed search and rescue and damage assessment.
- 12. SPORTS • Drones were used in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi for filming skiing and snowboarding events • Some advantages of using unmanned aerial vehicles in sports are that they allow video to get closer to the athletes, they are more flexible than cable-suspended camera systems.
- 13. ARMED ATTACKS • Armed ‘Predators’ were first used in late 2001 from bases in Pakistan and Uzbekistan, mostly aimed at assassinating high profile individuals (terrorist leaders, etc.) inside Afghanistan • A Predator based in a neighboring Arab country was used to kill suspected al-Qaeda terrorists in Yemen on November 3, 2002. This marked the first use of an armed Predator as an attack aircraft outside of a theater of war such as Afghanistan.
- 14. UAVS OF INDIA • Lakshya PTA • DRDO Nishant • DRDO Rustom • Dhaksha • DRDO AURA • DRDO Netra • Barola Aero • Unmanned Engineeria • Ulka • Fluffy • Pawan UAV • Kapothaka • ADE Nishant • AeroDreamers
- 15. INDIAN UAV COMPARED WITH U.S. UAV U.S. Drone- Global Hawk • Length - 13.5m • Wingspan - 35.4m • Height - 4.6m • Empty weight - 3850kg • Max Loaded weight - 10400kg • Maximum speed - 650kmph • Service ceiling - 20000m • Endurance - 34hours Indian Drone – Rustom-H • Length - 9.5m • Wingspan - 20.6m • Height - 6.1m • Empty weight - 1800kg • Max loaded weight - 2150kg • Maximum speed - 225kmph • Service ceiling - 10668m • Endurance - 14hours
- 16. UAV'S DISADVANTAGES • Innocent Civilian casualties due to inefficiency in recognizing targets • UAV system can get hacked • If contact with the ground station is lost, the vehicle may never return • Cannot refuel during flights • Terrorists activities will increase drastically, if the drone technology is exposed to wrong people.