1. On a piece of paper…
 List three feelings a person might have about
his or her body’s appearance.
 Then write down three factors that might
influence these feelings

2. American Family
Chapter 6
Managing Weight and Body
Composition

3. Learning Objective and FCS
Standards
 Learning Objective: Students will identify how to
determine a healthy weight, risks associated with
being under or overweight, and healthy ways to
manage weight. Students will also compare and
contrast eating disorders and identify the physical
and psychological effects of eating disorders.
Students will also examine variations in the
average diet.
 FCS Standards:06-12.7.1, 7.B, 7.D, 7.E

4. Body Image and Weight-
Calorie Connection
 Body Image: The way you see your body.
 Maintaining weight is a matter of energy
balance.
 The calories you consume must equal the
calories you burn.
 If you eat more than you burn=gain weight.
 If you burn more than you eat=lose weight.

5. Determining Your Healthy
Weight Range
 Body Mass Index or BMI: A ratio that allows
you to assess your body size in relation to
your height and weight.
 During the teen years, individuals grow at
different rates and in different ways. There is
no single size, shape, or growth pattern that is
normal for everyone.

6. Overweight vs. Obesity
 Overweight: a condition in which a person is
heavier than the standard weight range for
his or her height.
 Obesity: having an excess amount of body
fat.

7. Weight Related Risks
 Overweight
 Strains the muscular and skeletal system
 Forces the heart and lungs to work harder
 Increases risk of high blood pressure, high
cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, asthma, and some
cancers.
 Underweight: a condition in which a person is
less than the standard weight range for his/her
height.
 Not getting enough nutrients may lead to fatigue,
decreased ability to fight illness.

8. Tips for Managing Weight
 Target appropriate weight
 Set realistic goals
 Personalize your plan
 Put your goal and plan in writing
 Evaluate your progress

9. Healthy Weight-loss Strategies
 Eat 1,700 to 1,800 calories to meet your body’s
energy needs. (less than 1,400 may cause you
to miss nutrients)
 Include your favorites in moderation
 Eat a variety of low-calorie, nutrient-dense
foods-foods that are high in nutrients as
compared with their caloric content
 Drink plenty of water

10. Healthy Weight-gain Strategies
 Increase your caloric intake
 Eat often and take second helpings
 Eat nutritious snacks
 Build muscle
 No matter what weight management plan you
choose, get plenty of exercise.

11. Risky Weight-loss Strategies-
Fad Diets
Fad Diets: weight-loss plans that are
popular for only a short time.
The problem with fad diets
Hard to stick with.
May be costly.
May not get all of your nutrients.
Weight loss is usually regained.

12. Risky Weight-loss Strategies-
Liquid Diets
 Liquid Diets: Replacing all food intake
with a special liquid formula
 The problem with liquid diets:
Usually don’t meet the body’s energy
needs
Fatigue
Don’t supply enough nutrients and fiber
High-protein and low carb can cause
serious health problems, even death.

13. Risky Weight-loss Strategies
 Fasting: Abstaining from eating
 Problem with fasting:
 Deprives body of nutrients and energy.
 May become dehydrated.
 Body begins to break down protein in muscle for
energy.
 Diet Pills: Many work to depress appetite
 Problem with diet pills:
 May cause drowsiness, anxiety, racing heart
 May be addictive
 May cause dehydration

14. Weight Cycling
 Weight Cycling: The repeated pattern of
loss and regain of body weight
 Common for fad dieters
 May be harmful to the body-not proven yet.

15. Buyer Beware
 Complete Buyer Beware

16. Activity
 Complete Activity 20, Strategy Sessions.

17. Eating Disorders
 Eating Disorder: an extreme harmful eating
behavior that can cause serious illness or even
death
 Types of Eating Disorders:
 Anorexia Nervosa
 Bulimia Nervosa
 Binge-Eating

18. Anorexia Nervosa
 Anorexia Nervosa: A disorder in which the
irrational fear of becoming obese results in
severe weight loss from self-imposed
starvation.
 Psychological disorder with emotional and
physical consequences.
 Relates to self-concept, perfectionism, coping
abilities, outside pressures, high expectations,
need to be accepted, and a need to achieve. May
also be genetic.
 Usually develop in teenage girls

19. More on Anorexia Nervosa
 Symptoms include:
 extremely low caloric intake
 obsession with exercise
 emotional problems
 unnatural interest in food
 distorted body image
 denial of an eating problem

20. More on Anorexia Nervosa
 Health Consequences
 may cause a woman to stop menstruating
 loss of bone density
 low body temperature
 low blood pressure
 slowed metabolism
 reduction in organ size
 heart problems
 death.
 Treatment: Psychological treatment, may need
in-patient hospitalization.

21. Bulimia Nervosa
 Bulimia Nervosa: A disorder in which some form of
purging or clearing of the digestive tract follows
cycles of overeating.
 Binging: consuming large amounts of food
 Purging: vomiting or taking laxatives
 Other symptoms:
 distorted body image
 unnatural interest in food
• Causes:
• societal pressures
• self-esteem issues
• family problems
• other mental
health issues

22. Bulimia Nervosa
 Health Consequences
 Dehydration
 kidney damage
 irregular heartbeat
 destroys tooth enamel
 damages tissues of stomach, esophagus, and mouth
 disrupts digestion and absorption-causing nutrient
deficiencies.
 Treatment: medication and psychological
counseling

23. Binge Eating
 Binge Eating: A disorder characterized by
compulsive overeating.
 Consuming huge amounts of food without purging.
 May signal problems with emotional eating or
depression.

24. Binge Eating
 Health Consequences
 unhealthful weight gain
 leading to problems with type 2 diabetes, heart
disease, and stroke
 gallbladder problems
 high blood pressure
 high cholesterol
 increases risk of certain types of cancer.
 Treatment: Psychological counseling, possibly
medication.

25. Variations in Diet
 Variations for those involved in sports.
 Rehydration: restoring lost body fluids
 Important when competing in sports
 Helps maintain your electrolytes: minerals that help
maintain the body’s fluid balance. These include sodium,
chloride, and potassium.
 Making Weight
 Weight loss should only happen ½ to 1 lbs. per week
 Gaining Weight
 Get your nutrition from foods, not protein supplements.
 Don’t gain more than 1-2 lbs. per week.
 Definitely stay away from anabolic steroids.
 Eat 3-4 hours before competition and drink plenty of water.

26. Vegetarianism
 Vegetarian: a person who eats mostly or
only plant foods.
 Different types
 Lacto-ovo: includes dairy and egg foods
 Lacto vegetarianism: includes dairy, but no eggs
 Ovo vegetarianism: includes eggs, but no milk
 Vegan: only plant sources

27. Others who need variations in
diet.
 Pregnant women: greater need for folate,
iron, calcium. Needs to consume about 300
more calories than normal.
 Nursing mothers: Also need a few more
calories and a balanced diet.

28. Dietary Supplements
 Dietary supplements: a non-food form of one or
more nutrients.
 Can come in pill, capsule, power, or liquid form
 Can be used for those that need a little extra of a certain
nutrient-vegans, pregnant or nursing moms, people receiving
certain medical treatment, those with anemia.
 Risks of dietary supplements
 Megadose: a very large amount of a dietary supplement
 Herbal Supplement: a chemical substance from plants that
may be sold as a dietary supplement.
 Don’t be fooled, just because it’s natural.
 Supplements to look out for include: ephedra, lobelia, yohimbe,
chaparral.