1. On a piece of paper…
List three feelings a person might have about
his or her body’s appearance.
Then write down three factors that might
influence these feelings
3. Learning Objective and FCS
Standards
Learning Objective: Students will identify how to
determine a healthy weight, risks associated with
being under or overweight, and healthy ways to
manage weight. Students will also compare and
contrast eating disorders and identify the physical
and psychological effects of eating disorders.
Students will also examine variations in the
average diet.
FCS Standards:06-12.7.1, 7.B, 7.D, 7.E
4. Body Image and Weight-
Calorie Connection
Body Image: The way you see your body.
Maintaining weight is a matter of energy
balance.
The calories you consume must equal the
calories you burn.
If you eat more than you burn=gain weight.
If you burn more than you eat=lose weight.
5. Determining Your Healthy
Weight Range
Body Mass Index or BMI: A ratio that allows
you to assess your body size in relation to
your height and weight.
During the teen years, individuals grow at
different rates and in different ways. There is
no single size, shape, or growth pattern that is
normal for everyone.
6. Overweight vs. Obesity
Overweight: a condition in which a person is
heavier than the standard weight range for
his or her height.
Obesity: having an excess amount of body
fat.
7. Weight Related Risks
Overweight
Strains the muscular and skeletal system
Forces the heart and lungs to work harder
Increases risk of high blood pressure, high
cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, asthma, and some
cancers.
Underweight: a condition in which a person is
less than the standard weight range for his/her
height.
Not getting enough nutrients may lead to fatigue,
decreased ability to fight illness.
8. Tips for Managing Weight
Target appropriate weight
Set realistic goals
Personalize your plan
Put your goal and plan in writing
Evaluate your progress
9. Healthy Weight-loss Strategies
Eat 1,700 to 1,800 calories to meet your body’s
energy needs. (less than 1,400 may cause you
to miss nutrients)
Include your favorites in moderation
Eat a variety of low-calorie, nutrient-dense
foods-foods that are high in nutrients as
compared with their caloric content
Drink plenty of water
10. Healthy Weight-gain Strategies
Increase your caloric intake
Eat often and take second helpings
Eat nutritious snacks
Build muscle
No matter what weight management plan you
choose, get plenty of exercise.
11. Risky Weight-loss Strategies-
Fad Diets
Fad Diets: weight-loss plans that are
popular for only a short time.
The problem with fad diets
Hard to stick with.
May be costly.
May not get all of your nutrients.
Weight loss is usually regained.
12. Risky Weight-loss Strategies-
Liquid Diets
Liquid Diets: Replacing all food intake
with a special liquid formula
The problem with liquid diets:
Usually don’t meet the body’s energy
needs
Fatigue
Don’t supply enough nutrients and fiber
High-protein and low carb can cause
serious health problems, even death.
13. Risky Weight-loss Strategies
Fasting: Abstaining from eating
Problem with fasting:
Deprives body of nutrients and energy.
May become dehydrated.
Body begins to break down protein in muscle for
energy.
Diet Pills: Many work to depress appetite
Problem with diet pills:
May cause drowsiness, anxiety, racing heart
May be addictive
May cause dehydration
14. Weight Cycling
Weight Cycling: The repeated pattern of
loss and regain of body weight
Common for fad dieters
May be harmful to the body-not proven yet.
17. Eating Disorders
Eating Disorder: an extreme harmful eating
behavior that can cause serious illness or even
death
Types of Eating Disorders:
Anorexia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa
Binge-Eating
18. Anorexia Nervosa
Anorexia Nervosa: A disorder in which the
irrational fear of becoming obese results in
severe weight loss from self-imposed
starvation.
Psychological disorder with emotional and
physical consequences.
Relates to self-concept, perfectionism, coping
abilities, outside pressures, high expectations,
need to be accepted, and a need to achieve. May
also be genetic.
Usually develop in teenage girls
19. More on Anorexia Nervosa
Symptoms include:
extremely low caloric intake
obsession with exercise
emotional problems
unnatural interest in food
distorted body image
denial of an eating problem
20. More on Anorexia Nervosa
Health Consequences
may cause a woman to stop menstruating
loss of bone density
low body temperature
low blood pressure
slowed metabolism
reduction in organ size
heart problems
death.
Treatment: Psychological treatment, may need
in-patient hospitalization.
21. Bulimia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa: A disorder in which some form of
purging or clearing of the digestive tract follows
cycles of overeating.
Binging: consuming large amounts of food
Purging: vomiting or taking laxatives
Other symptoms:
distorted body image
unnatural interest in food
• Causes:
• societal pressures
• self-esteem issues
• family problems
• other mental
health issues
22. Bulimia Nervosa
Health Consequences
Dehydration
kidney damage
irregular heartbeat
destroys tooth enamel
damages tissues of stomach, esophagus, and mouth
disrupts digestion and absorption-causing nutrient
deficiencies.
Treatment: medication and psychological
counseling
23. Binge Eating
Binge Eating: A disorder characterized by
compulsive overeating.
Consuming huge amounts of food without purging.
May signal problems with emotional eating or
depression.
24. Binge Eating
Health Consequences
unhealthful weight gain
leading to problems with type 2 diabetes, heart
disease, and stroke
gallbladder problems
high blood pressure
high cholesterol
increases risk of certain types of cancer.
Treatment: Psychological counseling, possibly
medication.
25. Variations in Diet
Variations for those involved in sports.
Rehydration: restoring lost body fluids
Important when competing in sports
Helps maintain your electrolytes: minerals that help
maintain the body’s fluid balance. These include sodium,
chloride, and potassium.
Making Weight
Weight loss should only happen ½ to 1 lbs. per week
Gaining Weight
Get your nutrition from foods, not protein supplements.
Don’t gain more than 1-2 lbs. per week.
Definitely stay away from anabolic steroids.
Eat 3-4 hours before competition and drink plenty of water.
26. Vegetarianism
Vegetarian: a person who eats mostly or
only plant foods.
Different types
Lacto-ovo: includes dairy and egg foods
Lacto vegetarianism: includes dairy, but no eggs
Ovo vegetarianism: includes eggs, but no milk
Vegan: only plant sources
27. Others who need variations in
diet.
Pregnant women: greater need for folate,
iron, calcium. Needs to consume about 300
more calories than normal.
Nursing mothers: Also need a few more
calories and a balanced diet.
28. Dietary Supplements
Dietary supplements: a non-food form of one or
more nutrients.
Can come in pill, capsule, power, or liquid form
Can be used for those that need a little extra of a certain
nutrient-vegans, pregnant or nursing moms, people receiving
certain medical treatment, those with anemia.
Risks of dietary supplements
Megadose: a very large amount of a dietary supplement
Herbal Supplement: a chemical substance from plants that
may be sold as a dietary supplement.
Don’t be fooled, just because it’s natural.
Supplements to look out for include: ephedra, lobelia, yohimbe,
chaparral.