Involving Citizens in a Participation Process for Increasing Walkability

Beniamino Murgante, Raffaella Carbone, Lucia Saganeiti,
Francesco Scorza
School of Engineering, University of Basilicata
beniamino.murgante@unibas.it
http://oldwww.unibas.it/utenti/murgante/Benny.html
https://unibas-it.academia.edu/BeniaminoMurgante
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Beniamino_Murgante
Involving Citizens in a Participation Process
for Increasing Walkability
“Featuring Territorial Intelligence of Small
and Medium-sized Cities and Insular
Communities in the Mediterranean Scenery –
Building Bridges between Local Endeavors and
Global Developments”
5-6 October 2018, The Sun Hall Hotel,
Larnaca-Cyprus

3rd conference and exhibition “Smart and Blue City” 2018
5-6 October 2018, The Sun Hall Hotel, Larnaca-Cyprus
Beniamino Murgante, Raffaella Carbone
Lucia Saganeiti, Francesco Scorza
Involving Citizens in a Participation
Process for Increasing Walkability
Contemporary city gives centrality to cars:
Design of urban spaces, squares and
streets is based on private mobility needs
The possibility of walking is often denied culturally and materially

Ph Michele
Guyot Bourg

Walkability must be conceived as the possibility of citizens to move
on foot.
It is fundamental for people to have
a modal choice in moving.
Walkability could be an alternative
to vehicles.

Means of
transport used
by population for
going to
workplace
ISPRA
elaboration on
ISTAT data

Means of
transport used by
population for
going to school.
ISPRA elaboration
on ISTAT data

The walkability level can be improved combining
quantitative analyses and participatory
processes in order to improve the urban quality
of life.
A participatory process has been held in
Potenza.

Space Syntax analysis is characterized by the central role given to
urban space in relation to settlement phenomena.
Space Syntax main properties:
• to interpret and understand the internal geography of a settlement
aggregate;
• to suggest land uses and destinations congruent with potentiality
offered by urban space articulation;
• to simulate the effects of design transformations on system
variables providing a valuable tool in supporting planning activities
Space Syntax analysis is based on three assumptions:
• urban space structure influences phenomena that take place on it;
• perceptual appreciation of space influences behavioural choices on it;
• the grid of urban paths is considered as a constitutive structure of
urban space.

Space Syntax analysis
The axial map is the graphical representation
of the set of segments (axial lines) that
represent the viewsheds
Connectivity index expresses the number of
lines directly connected to a given line.
(Degree centrality)
Integration index measures how integrated
(or central) a street is to network (closeness
centrality)
Choice index measures how a street is
important as a through-road for the network
(Betweenness centrality)
(Javadi et al. 2017)

Connectivity index
STATISTIC VALUE
Number of features 212
Mean 5.301886792
Standard deviation 3.571823199
Variance 12.757920968
Minimum 1.0
Maximum 19.0
Coeff. Gini 0.3641

Integration index
STATISTIC VALUE (r=n) VALUE (r=3)
Number of features 212 212
Mean 7.97540909 2.251835136
Standard deviation 1.487712601 0.189675195
Variance 2.213288785 0.035976679
Minimum 0.43 0.33
Maximum 1,12966825 3.7
Coeff. Gini 0.1002 0.0477
Radius-3 integration
presents a
localised picture of
integration (local
integration), while
Radius-n integration
presents a picture of
integration at the
largest scale (global
integration) (Hillier
1996).

Choice index
STATISTIC VALUE (r=n) VALUE (r=3)
Number of features 212 212
Mean 0.066432468 0.091310333
Standard deviation 0.090546658 0.09713634
Variance 0.008198697 0.009435468
Minimum 0.0 0.0
Maximum 0.45199728 0.53571427
Coeff. Gini 0.6437 0.5325

Intelligibility index is “a measure of the relationship between the overall
urban space and local features” (Szalapaj, 2001)
Intelligibility index R=n

Intelligibility index is “a measure of the relationship between the overall
urban space and local features” (Szalapaj, 2001)
Intelligibility index R=3

Synergy index is “correlation between global (radius n) integration and
local integration radius 3 (Hillier 1996)

Movement interface index analyses the correlation between integration and
choice. It indicates how much a space accessibility as destination from
different origins is index about the possibility of this space to fall within the
minimum paths from all points to all the others.

Connectivity index STATISTIC VALUE (r=n)
Mean 5.056545313
Variance 1.95574918
Minimum 1.0
Maximum 8.0
Coeff. Gini 0.1308

Choice index
STATISTIC VALUE (r=n)
Mean 17068.697134
Variance 956690502.552
Minimum 1290.0
Maximum 232519.0
Coeff. Gini 0.7296

Choice index
STATISTIC VALUE (r=250) VALUE (r=500) VALUE (r=1000) VALUE (r=1500)
Number of features 1291 1291 1291 1291
Mean 688.043377226 2637.36250968 10062.5739737 20715.9349342
Standard deviation 1064.26444838 4990.07583664 19260.9336687 41964.9092219
Variance 1132658.81609 24900856.8554 370983565.789 1761053606.0
Minimum 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maximum 7791.0 48771.0 164956.0 355372.0
Coeff. Gini 0.6869 0.7254 0.7541 0.7819

Choice index
STATISTIC VALUE (r=2000) VALUE (r=3000) VALUE (r=4000) VALUE (r=5000)
Mean 28243.3439194 30761.2215337 30795.5228505 30795.5228505
Variance 3493167227.54 4552755422.46 4567164713.0 4567164713.0
Minimum 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Maximum 474171.0 433543.0 434519.0 434519.0
Coeff. Gini 0.7958 0.8045 0.8046 0.8046

Integration index
STATISTIC VALUE
(r=250)
VALUE
(r=500)
VALUE
(r=1000)
VALUE
(r=1500)
Mean 120.613 198.691 278.388 325.028
Variance 8953.685 17239.157 13047.348 7679.534
Minimum 5.3175 10.255 25.214 113.188
Maximum 431.040 494.237 479.121 476.109
Coeff. Gini 0.430 0.373 0.236 0.155
STATISTIC VALUE
(r=2000)
VALUE
(r=3000)
VALUE
(r=4000)
VALUE
(r=5000)
Mean 351.189 358.094 358.160 358.160
Variance 6105.895 6004.072 5994.864 5994.864
Minimum 134.718 155.215 155.240 155.240
Maximum 487.958 494.477 494.477 494.477
Coeff. Gini 0.127 0.124 0.124 0.124

Workshop activities have been developed with 2 approaches:
ü traditional: work of a small group of people (experts,
neighbourhood representatives, organizations, and
associations);
ü Innovative: use of new information technologies and social
networks to expand participation.

Viale Verrastro:
example of an
architectural barrier
near the sidewalks.
Via Adriatico:
example of a path
without sidewalk.
Via Anzio:
example of coincidence
between driveway and
pedestrian traffic.

Viale Tammone:
trees and benches reduce the
width of the sidewalk.
Via Anzio:
example of dangerous
pedestrian crossing.

Results of online questionnaires and social
media
Moving on foot in the district is not
considered safe and comfortable: vehicular
traffic, the slope of roads, the presence of
stray and domestic dogs, the poor path
maintenance are elements that discourage
cycle and pedestrian mobility.
Access to the area with public transport is
also negatively assessed.

More particularly, in the workshop the following interventions
have been identified:
ü The improvement of the characteristics and maintenance
status of the sidewalks (especially in the G area).
ü The construction of secure pedestrian crossings.
ü The construction of a protected pedestrian path able to
connect the most populated areas.
ü The functional reorganization of some streets in order to
create pedestrian spaces.

The use of social networks, and more generally of electronic
participation tools, represents a fast and solid approach through
which to define a shared knowledge framework with citizens.
Improving pedestrian mobility means creating the conditions for a
reappropriation of spaces.
Creating a valid alternative to the use of the private vehicle can
lead to an improvement in the quality of life.

Beniamino Murgante, Raffaella Carbone, Lucia Saganeiti,
Francesco Scorza
School of Engineering, University of Basilicata
beniamino.murgante@unibas.it
http://oldwww.unibas.it/utenti/murgante/Benny.html
https://unibas-it.academia.edu/BeniaminoMurgante
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Beniamino_Murgante
Thank you for your attention
“Featuring Territorial Intelligence of Small
and Medium-sized Cities and Insular
Communities in the Mediterranean Scenery –
Building Bridges between Local Endeavors and
Global Developments”
5-6 October 2018, The Sun Hall Hotel,
Larnaca-Cyprus

Involving Citizens in a Participation Process for Increasing Walkability

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