Exercise to practice participle clauses.

1. PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

2. A participle clause contains
a present participle: watching
or
a perfect participle: having watched

3. Watching
= past simple
= past continuous
Having watched
= past perfect

4. Participles can be used
1.To express time
2. To express reason

5. 1. Time:
After she had done her
homework, she watched TV.
Having done her homework,
she watched TV.

6. 2. Reason:
Because he was late, Adam
took a taxi.
Being late, Adam took a
taxi.

7. In participle clauses, both
subjects have to be the same.

8. Jack burnt his finger while
he was lighting a fire.

9. Jack burnt his finger
(while) lighting a fire.

10. After Ann had ironed the
clothes, she put them away.

11. Having ironed the clothes,
Ann put them away.

12. Because he was cold,
James turned on the
heater.

13. Being cold, James turned
on the heater.

14. Emma turned the key in the
lock and opened the door.

15. Turning the key in the lock,
Emma opened the door.

16. Because he had forgotten
to do the shopping, he
ate out that night.

17. Having forgotten to do
the shopping, he ate out
that night.