new technology

1. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
GANDHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHUBANESWAR
Submitted By:
MEMBERS NAME :-
 RAMSHANKAR SINGH ASHISH KUMAR
 DIWAKAR SHARMA SWAPNIL SOURAV
 SUBODH THAKUR PREMPRAKASH MUNDU
 BIPIN KUMAR CHAURASIA PRAKASH ANAND
 PAPPU KUMAR MEHTA ANIKET DAS
Guided By-
Asst. Prof. SUBHASISH DAS

2. CONTENTS
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
 COMPONENTS
 SPECIFICATION OF COMPONENTS
 COST SHEET
 RESULT
 ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGES
 APPILICATION
 CONCLUSION.
 REFERENCE

3. ABSTRACT
 Supply of continuous electricity is still not available in several areas of the
country and in the world where the refrigeration of Food and Medicines can
be preserved.
 LPG comprises of 24.4% propane(C3H8)(R-290), 56.4% butane
(C4H10)(R-600) and 17.2% isobutene which have very low boiling point
(lower than 0 0C).
 The LPG is cheaper and possesses an environmental friendly nature with no
ozone depletion potential (ODP).
 The combustion products of LPG are CO2 and H2O. The evaporator
temperature reached -10 ºC.
 From experiment the COP of a refrigerator is 2.25 .

4. INTRODUCTION
 In India, more than 80% of the domestic refrigerator utilize HFC 134a as
refrigerant, due to its excellent thermodynamic and thermo physical
properties.
 But, HFC 134a has a high global warming potential (GWP) of 1300.
 Hydrocarbon refrigerants; particularly LPG serves as the best contender to
replace HFC’s from domestic refrigerator as well as car air conditioners.
 As we know According to second law of thermodynamics, Heat is virtually
being pumped from a lower temperature to a higher temperature by adding
some of external work.

5. NEED TO INVENT
 Today world is facing the major problems regarding energy
crisis.
 Along with this we are facing major environmental trouble due
to increase in harmful gases which are evolved from nowhere
else but the combustion of these conventional energy sources.
 Pollution is minimized by LPG .
 And cost is minimized by LPG Refrigeration system.

6. WORKING LPG REFRIGERATOR
 The basic idea behind LPG refrigeration is to use the
evaporation of a LPG to absorb heat.
 LPG is stored in the LPG cylinder under high pressure When
the gas tank of regulators is opened then high pressure LPG
passes in gas pipe. This LPG is going by high pressure gas pipe
in capillary tube.
 It works on the principle that during the extraction of heat the
LPG expanded there is a pressure drop and increase in volume
of LPG that results in the drop of temperature and a cooling
effect.

8. Components of lpg refrigeration system
1.LPG Gas Cylinder:
 From the LPG gas cylinder, LPG flows
through the pipe and reaches to the
capillary tube. LPG gas pressure is
approximate 12-18 bar.
2.Capillary Tube:
As the capillary tube, capillary tube
downs the pressure up to less than 1.4bar
its diameter 3mm.

9. 3.Evaporator:
The evaporator is an
important part of the
refrigeration system,
which produces the
cooling effect in the
vapour form at
low pressure and
temperature.

10. 4.Pressure gauges:
 Many techniques have been
developed for the measurement
of pressure and vacuums. Instruments
used to measure pressure are called
pressure gauges or vacuum gauges.
 These gauges are available
in 63mm, 100mm, and 150mm sizes .

11. 5.High Pressure pipes
 The range of high pressure pipes
covers most application where
there is a requirement to transfer
gas at high pressure. They
consist of a steel pipe with a
steel ball fitted to both ends.
 All pipes are pressure tested to 100
MPa (200 psi) over recommended
working pressure

12. Specification of Component
 Refrigeration Box: L-540, W-400, H-650, T-50
 Evaporator Box: L-360, W-240, H-150
 Capillary Tube: L-2700, D-0.31
 Accumulator: D-25
 Box Stand: L-920, W-400, H-530
 Pressure Gauge: 0 to 250psi

13. To Be Continued……
 Filter: D-44.5, H-60
 Regulator: D-4
 Discharge Pipe: L-2430, D-14.5
 Suction Pipe: L-1820, D-14.5
( L-Length, W-Width, H-Height, t-Thickness,
D-Diameter )
* All dimension in mm.

14. OTHER PROPERTIES
Colorless.
Flammable.
Heavier than air.
Approximately half the weight of water.
 Non toxic but can cause asphyxiation.
 LPG expands upon release and 1 liters
of liquid will form approximately 250 liters of vapour

15. PROPERTIES OF LPG REFRIGERANT
 Boiling point:
 Combustion:
 Vapour pressure
 Ignition Temperature
 Calorific value
 Toxicity:

16. Boiling Point:
LPG’s boiling point ranges from -42 ºC to 0 ºC
depending on its mixture percentage of Butane and
Propane
Combustion:
The combustion of LPG produces carbon dioxide
(CO2) and water vapour but sufficient air must be
available.
Ignition temperature:
The temperature required to ignite LPG in air is
around 500ºC.

17. Vapor pressure:
LPG is a stored as a liquid under pressure. It is almost
colorless and its weight is approximately half that of an
equivalent volume of water. The pressure inside a closed
container in which LPG is stored is equal to the
vapor pressure of the liquid and corresponds to its
temperature.
Calorific value
The calorific value of LPG is about 2.5 times higher than
that of main gas so more heat is produced from the same
volume of gas.

18. Toxicity:
LPG is a colorless, odorless and nontoxic gas. It is supplied
commercially with an added odorant to assist detection .
Safety:
LPG is just as safe as any other fuel. In fact, it is safer than most
fuels because neither LPG itself nor the end products that are
produced by burning LPG in a suitable appliance are poisonous to
inhale.

19. COST SHEET
NO. COMPONENT PRICE
 1 REFRIGERATOR BOX 3000
 2 EVAPORATER BOX 2500
 3 GAS PIPE 400
 4 CAPILLARY TUBE 270
 5 ACCUMULATOR 350
 6 BURNNER 1000
 7 BASE STAND 2000
 8 INSULATOR THERMOCOL 800
 9 RUBBER GASKET MAGNET 400
 10 HANDLE CLAMP 160
 11 DOOR HINGES (LOWER &UPPER) 100
 12 BRAZING MATERIAL 150
 13 SUCTION PIPE 600
 14 C U ‘T’ CONNECTOR 200

20. To Be Continued……
NO. COMPONENTS PRICE
 15 BRASS NUT 200
 16 FILTER 600
 17 HAND SUT VALVE 450
 18 PRESSURE GAUGE 700
 19 STRAIGHT CONNECTOR 80
 20 BASE PLATE 200
 21 TEMP.SENSOR 200
 22 SELF 10
 23 SCREW, NUT,BOLT 50
 24 BRAZING GAS CYLINDER 150
 25 HIGH PRESSURE VALVE 350
 26 PIPE CLAMP 60
 27 GAS COST 800

21. ADVANTAGE
 It eliminates the blocking problem.
 It is efficient to save fuel.
 Low Weight.
 The fridge works when electricity off. It is
efficient to save fuel.
 No Pollution.
 Running cost is zero.
 Eliminates the compressor and condenser.
 Noiseless

22. DISADVANTAGES
LPG is explosive in nature.
Do not maintain constant pressure in LPG cylinder.
Put the LPG cylinder is inverted position.
After the refrigeration processes, the exhaust of LPG is
burn into burner. Because of the exhausted vapour LPG
can not converted again liquid phase , because the this
process is very costly.
The prevention of leakage of the LPG is the major
problem in LPG refrigeration system. Because of the LPG
is highly flammable.

23. APPILICATION
 Food processing, preservation and distribution
 1. Storage
 2. Fish
 3. Meat and Poultry
 4. Dairy Products
(a). Ice cream
(b). Butter
(c). Cheese
(d). Butter milk
 5. Beverage
 6. Candy
 7. Medical

24. CONCLUSION
 The aim of the LPG refrigerator was to use LPG as a
refrigerant and utilizing the energy of the high pressure LPG
cylinder for producing the refrigerating effect. We also
conclude that, we are trying to burn the exhaust LPG, the
pressure of exhaust gas is less than 10 PSI, so that the flame
produce by the burner is spreading outside.
 This system most suitable for hotel, industries, refinery,
chemical industries where consumption of LPG is very high.
We are continuing this project with some fabrication work and
we have collected various equipment’s which is required for
this project like high pressure pipes, regulator valve, and
capillary tube.
 We are going to analyse the experimental details of LPG
refrigerator, in the major project.

25. Results:
 The final temperature achieved is about 7.4 degree c.
 The average mass flow rate is determined to be
0.000056kg/sec.
 The cop is obtained to be 2.25.

26. REFERENCE
 www.google.co.in
 www.contest.techbriefs.com/2013/sustainable-
technologies/3792
 www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s1359431105004163
 www.researchgate.net/publication/222674150_experimental_e
valution_of_a_demostic_refrigerator_working_with_LPG
 www.projecttopics.info/Mechanical/LPG-Refrigerato.php
 C.P. ARORA, “Hand book of Refrigeration and air
conditioning”, by page no. 425
 “PCRA energy audit report”, HPCL LPG bottling plant Asauda
Bahadurgarh (Haryana) Dec. 2006.

27. THANK YOU…..