A presentation on 10 March 2014 by Dr TLUD (Paul S. Anderson, PhD) to the Illinois Biochar Group.

1. Innovative Funding of Biochar
Production by TLUD Gasifier Stoves
in Developing Societies
Plus a YouTube Site on Biochar Production in Barrels
And an Introduction to the Troika Bingwa TLUD-ND
Paul S. Anderson, PhD “Dr TLUD”
psanders@ilstu.edu
Chip Energy, Goodfield, IL
Illinois Biochar Group
10 March 2014
http://www.biochar.illinois.edu/ibg.shtml

2. Barrel-size Retort for Biochar
Production
• YouTube video by Doug Clayton:
Making Biochar with Jolly Roger Ovens REVISITED
• Available at:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDMWf4_Dyqo
• Also the earlier document is available.

3. Innovative Funding of Biochar
Production: Quick Summary
• TLUD cookstoves are provided to groups of
households who agree to use the stoves with
their own fuel, and to pay a rental of $ .33 per
month plus a half-kilogram of charcoal per day
that is made in the TLUD gasifier stove.
• Users who do not accept to use the stove must
return it, and it will be issued to another cook.
• The company (Awamu in Uganda) will maintain
the stoves in working order at not cost to users.
• The value of the charcoal is the key to success.

4. Obstacles to Stove Acceptance
• Introduction of new cookstove technology
faces numerous obstacles, including:
– Opportunities to use the stoves before payment
for unknown technology.
– Cost of the cookstoves. Even $20 is quite high.
– Longevity of the stoves is questioned.
• Those 3 obstacles can be addressed by the
char-making capabilities of TLUD stoves.

5. TLUD Stoves Can Produce Char
• Char (or charcoal) is fuel that was not burned.
• Char is carbon that has been removed from
the atmosphere by living plants.
• The char is approximately 50% of the carbon
atoms in the biomass and 20% of the total dry
weight of the biomass.
• 1 kg of carbon equals 3.66 kg of CO2 from
atmosphere. 44/12 = 3.66
• Assuming some impurities, estimate 1 : 3.3, or
300 kg of char equals 1 ton of CO2e. This can
be produced in 1 year by 3 to 5 households.

6. Uses of Char
Either one use:
• Char can be burned in stoves specific for
charcoal fuel, so it has value for its energy.
Or BOTH of the following:
• Char can be beneficially added to soil as
biochar. AND
• Char represents permanent CO2 removal from
the atmosphere (the ultimate carbon sequestration).
The value of char for sequestration is
INDEPENDENT of its value as biochar.

7. The $ Value of Char
• In Uganda, approx. US$ .50 (urban retail) to
$ .20 (rural village) per kg of char for cooking.
• Typical households using a TLUD stove can
produce .5 to 1 kg of char per day, or 15 to 30
kg of biochar /month, and 180 to 360 kg /year.
• Using both of the low values: .5 kg of char X
20 cents/kg = 10 cents per day. X 30 days =
$3 per month. X 12 months = $36 per year.
But this is a “gross” value, not counting costs
of collection, briquetting, transport and sales.

8. Costs and Payments -- 1
• An appropriate TLUD stove costs about $20
and should last over 2 years (requiring some
maintenance done locally, estimate at $10).
• The collection of rental fees and char is by
each group of users (as in micro-finance groups).
• A company representative receives the rent
and char. Monthly a group of 10 households
would give $3.30 and 35 kg of char (dry basis).
• The char is then rendered permanently
unburnable (by mixing it with soil or compost
at the local area) (video-recorded on phones).

9. Costs and Payments -- 2
• The company has a documented PERMANENT
carbon sequestration that can be sold (or pre-sold).
• The company has a quantity of biochar that
can be sold, probably within the community.
• The combined values of the sequestration and
the biochar sustain the company.
• Remember: There ALSO are global efforts
with funding to accomplish adoption of
improved cookstoves for reasons of family
health and environmental protection.

10. Project Report – Early March 2014
• 24 TLUD-ND stoves (Quad design) were placed
into two semi-rural communities north of
Kampala in late January 2014.
• Acceptance by users is above 50%.
• Procedures for char collection, weighing,
correcting for moisture content, and
documentation of rendering uncombustible
are being defined and refined.

11. TLUD stove
distribution and
use in Gita, Uganda

12. TLUD stove
distribution
and use in
Gita, Uganda

13. Further TLUD Stove Development
• Projects and R&D continue in
numerous countries.
• Could be part of “40 Chances.”
• Latest TLUD design (Troika) is
provided at website:
• www.drtlud.com/troika-tlud-stove
Thank you!
Paul Anderson “Dr TLUD”
psanders@ilstu.edu Troika Bingwa TLUD-ND
Made in Uganda.
Bingwa means Champion