Open Source and the Internet of Things

2. BLACK DUCK OSS LOGISTICS SOLUTIONS Maximize OSS Benefits Time Saving Automation Risk Management Transparency Seamless 2 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Tools Integration Control, Collaboration, Consistency

3. SPEAKER INTRODUCTION Bill Weinberg Senior Director, Open Source Strategy Black Duck Software • Helps clients enable, build, and deploy software for intelligent devices, enterprise data centers and cloud infrastructure • Working with FOSS since 1998, with thirty years embedded and open systems, telecommunications, and other technology • Founding team-member at MontaVista Software – pioneered Linux as leading platform for intelligent and mobile devices • Senior Analyst at OSDL (today, the Linux Foundation) – ran Carrier Grade and Mobile Linux initiatives • General Manager of the Linux Phone Standards Forum • Author and speaker on global adoption of Linux to embedded/real-time computing, application migration, licensing, standards, telecoms infrastructure and mobile applications. • Details at http://www.linuxpundit.com/ 3 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

8. COMPETING VISIONS FOR IOT SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPUTE PEERS EVERYWHERE • 32 and 64-bit processors (over time) • TCP/IP (IPv6 and 6LoWPAN) • High-level OSes (Linux et al) • Advocates • TEMs, NEPs and other h/w suppliers • Enterprise ISVs (esp. Cloud) and OSVs 8 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

9. COMPETING VISIONS FOR IOT SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SMALL IS BEAUTIFUL • Just enough h/w (4/8/16 bit) • Mesh networking • RTOS or No OS • Advocates • Specialty chipset vendors • RTOS suppliers • Makers 9 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

10. COMPETING VISIONS FOR IOT SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE HYBRID REALITY • New protocols – local and end-to-end • Optimization of Internet routing / infrastructure to support IoT • Cloud and client device m/w and APIs to speed app development • Open source anywhere (but maybe not everywhere) • 32 and 64-bit CPUs (over time) • TCP/IP (IPv6 and 6LoWPAN) • High-level OSes (Linux et al) • Advocates • TEMs, NEPs and other h/w suppliers • Enterprise ISVs (esp. Cloud) and OSVs • Just enough h/w (4/8/16 bit) • Mesh networking • RTOS or No OS • Advocates • Specialty chipset vendors • RTOS suppliers • Makers 10 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

12. IoT Endpoints IoT Infrastructure Internet Infrastructure 12 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Cloud / Data Center Client Devices Applications Core Functions (Sensing, Actuation), Routing Aggregation, Routing, Security Routing, Security Domain-specific, Mash-Ups, BI, Big Data, etc. Device Apps and Web Apps Platform Alljoyn, Kura, Mihini, OpenIOT, OpenRemote, ThingsSpeak OpenWRT, OSR, OSRM, Quagga/Zebra Amazon, Hadoop, OpenStack, etc. Android APIs, PhoneGap, X-Code Host OS None / RTOS (Contiki, Riot, TinyOS, VxWorks) RTOS or Linux RTOS or Linux Linux, Windows Android, iOS, Linux, Windows Protocol 6LoWPAN, CoAP, IEEE802.15, IP networking, MQTT, proprietary IP Networking IP Networking IP Networking Physical 3G/LTE, BACnet, BlueTooth, Ethernet, Lonworks, WiFi, Zigbee Ethernet, WAN Ethernet 3G/LTE, Ethernet, WiFi H/W Dedicated H/W (RFID or 8-32 bit SoC) 32 bit SoC, NPU, etc. 32-64 bit SoC, NPU, etc. 64 bit COTS Blades Desktops / Notebooks, Tablets, Smart Phones Technologies Mesh Networking/Routing, Development Tools SDN Virtualization / Containerization, Tools Tools and Frameworks IOT LAYERS, TECHNOLOGIES AND OSS ROLES

14. OSS AND IOT ENDPOINTS Arguments for OSS in IoT • High unit volumes • Low unit cost / BoM • Need for customization • Rapid innovation • Global dev community • Community purview Against OSS for IoT • Resource-intensive • Integration cost • Deploy and forget • OEM legacy mindset • Vertical integrated value-add • Security concerns 14 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

18. WHY OPEN SOURCE FOR DEVICES? • Pressure to add value in shrinking timeframes • Decomposition of vertically-integrated value add • Velocity of technology change outstrips staffing • Impractical / costly to sustain in-house platforms • Interoperability trumps exclusive differentiation • More devices/protocols “outside” vs. “inside” • Quest for quality w/o lock-in • Main reason for OSS deployment no longer cost • OSS defects:LoC provably lower than proprietary • Legacy platform differentiation shrinking / vanishing 18 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

20. CORE OPEN SOURCE BUSINESS STRATEGIES 20 Building with OSS Your Product or Service Open Source Building OSS Your Product or Service Open Source Building for OSS 20 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Building on OSS Your Business Open Source Open Source Your Product or Service

21. Category Delivered Product / Technology OSS Participation and Focus Participation Motive IoT Applications Developers Cloud/Web/SaaS and Mobile Apps Android, Java, PHP, Ruby, node.js, PhoneGap, Rails, Spring 21 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Ease app development, support other businesses Cloud Infrastructure Service Providers Platforms and services for IaaS and PaaS, pre-integrated data centers OpenStack, Cloudstack, Docker, Linux, KVM, Xen, Ceph, memcached, etc. Big Data (Hadoop, etc.) Enable services offerings Network Infrastructure OEMs (TEMs, NEPs) Wireless routers and access points, edge/access equipment, firewalls, core routers, etc. Linux, Carrier Grade Linux, routing software, security tools and firewalls, deep packet inspection, etc. Accelerate TTM for devices. free resources for differentiation IoT Device & Infrastructure OEMs Sensors, cameras, switches, actuators, RFID, gateways, mesh routers, etc. Linux kernel, Contiki, RIOT, Spark, device drivers, openremote, Tools and Languages (C, C++, Java, Lua), etc. Accelerate TTM for devices. free resources for differentiation, create pull for devices with services Semiconductor Suppliers (ARM, ARM licensees, Intel et al) CPUs, SoCs, MCUs, network and graphics chipsets, mobile chipsets, reference boards Linux kernel, device drivers, development tools (GNU, LLVM, Eclipse, etc.) Enable and sustain silicon design wins IOT NODE CATEGORIES AND BUSINESSES

23. KEY IOT CHALLENGES • Security and Privacy • “State of the Art” in IT today is mediocre • Constant stream of exploits and breaches • Open Source community purview imperfect • Device OEMs, makers, et al. lack expertise • “Poster Children” OSS Vulnerabilities • Heartbleed, Shellshock, Poodle 23 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

24. KEY IOT CHALLENGES • Scalability • Vision and attempts to scale platforms across IoT nodes • Need to accommodate diversity • BoM and device energy budgets • IPR • Persistent desire to protect proprietary device IP • Complex licensing environments around OSS and proprietary software • Provenance of data flowing from IoT and derived from it 24 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

26. THANK YOU Additional Content: The Role of Open Source in Building Out The Internet of Things - Whitepaper The Internet of Things and Open Source – Webinar Panel with speakers from Disney, Qualcomm, and Wipro. 26 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Open Source and the Internet of Things

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Open Source and the Internet of Things