This document summarizes a presentation by Bonnie Stewart on the intersection of orality and literacy in academic scholarship on Twitter. It discusses how digital identities on Twitter allow for fragmented and performative selves, in contrast to traditional academic roles and reputations. It also examines how networked publics on Twitter can result in context collapse when private and public audiences intersect. While Twitter enables participation and visibility outside hierarchies, it also increases vulnerability through behaviors like "call out culture." The document advocates developing digital literacies to navigate these issues and views networked practices as a form of scholarship when done with care and abundance.

1. Academic Twitter:
The Intersection of Orality & Literacy
in Scholarship?
Bonnie Stewart
University of Prince Edward Island
@bonstewart
LSE NetworkED
January 20th, 2016

2. me ------------>
(photo credit: Kate Inglis)

3. scholarship
what people
had for lunch
“Academic Twitter”

4. Academic Twitter =
a complex, messy story of
identity & publics

5. Told with thanks to David Bowie,
1947 – 2016

6. …and Walter Ong, 1912 – 2003.

7. 1. Digital Identity, the Bowie model
SO I TURNED MYSELF TO FACE ME

8. Who are we when we’re online?

9. In institutional
structures, an
individual has a role.
In a networked
culture, an individual
has an identity,
which it is his/her job
to differentiate.

10. Caveat: you do NOT need to
use Twitter to have a viable
academic career.
h#ps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UK_traffic_sign_562.svg

11. Serial Selves
h#p://www.flickr.com/photos/thelotuscarroll/6842167375/

12. The personal/professional divide is
blurring

13. Crowdsourcing selves

14. fragmented public
identities
hypervisibility
celebrity
WE CAN BE HEROES?

15. …even among academics
“My boss is scared of my social media
presence because it’s a form of soft power;
they’re scared to lose me because it would
be so visible.”
- @thesiswhisperer, 2014

16. FASHION: Memes & Citation

17. Quantified Selves

18. Magpie selves
“Never wear
a new pair of
shoes in front
of him.”
- Mick Jagger
on David Bowie

19. & behind-the-scenes glimpses

20. Performative digital identities
unsettle our illusions of a unified Self

21. SO WE BITCHED ABOUT HIS FANS
AND SHOULD WE CRUSH
HIS SWEET HANDS?

22. Lupton, 2014
2. Digital publics, the Academic
Twitter model

23. http://www.flickr.com/photos/8113246@N02/7932198032
Academia & social media are both
reputational economies

24. Those within the academy become
very skilled at judging the stuff of reputations.
Where has the person’s work been published,
what claims of priority in discovery have
they established, how often have
they been cited, how and where reviewed,
what prizes won, what institutional ties
earned, what organizations led?
Willinsky, 2010

25. AND THE PAPERS WANT TO KNOW
WHOSE SHIRT YOU WEAR
h#ps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Euskal_Museoa_branding_irons.jpg

26. capacity to
contribute to
“The
Conversation”
scale of visibility
common
interests &
disciplines
shared ties
Digital signals = less codified

27. Again, identity vs. role
“I really wanted,
more than
anything else, to
contribute in some
way to the culture
that I was living in.”
Bowie, 2002

28. The gates are open
h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/vince2012/14557320666/

29. Networked publics: many-to-many
signals
h#p://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/it/thumb/d/d8/Do_Not_Adjust_Your_Set.jpg/280px-
Do_Not_Adjust_Your_Set.jpg

30. h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/ooohoooh/1350774613/
THAT WERE NO DJ
THAT WAS HAZY COSMIC JIVE…

31. …Like a party line with
multiple private/public options
h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/94342662@N00/3869483214/

32. UNDER PRESSURE: Context Collapse
(Wesch, 2009; boyd, 2011)
h#ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dress_code

33. When your non-institutional ideas
land amidst institutional audiences

34. Institutions do not always approve.

35. The infinite selves of the blank
status update are all:
• Persistent
• Replicable
• Scalable
• Shareable

38. “Online Shaming?”

39. WAIT

40. …where Ong comes in.

41. Oral Tradition
• Participatory
• Situational
• Social
• Formulaic
• Agonistic
• Rhetorical
h#ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campfire#/media/File:Campfire_Pinecone.png

42. Literate Tradition
• Interiorized
• Abstracted
• Innovative
• Precise
• Analytic
• Indexical
h#ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le#erpress_prin[ng#/media/File:The_Caxton_Celebra[on_-
_William_Caxton_showing_specimens_of_his_prin[ng_to_King_Edward_IV_and_his_Queen.jpg

43. Ong’s secondary orality +
secondary literacy
“The network message from one
person to another / others
is very rapid and can in effect be in
the present…textualized verbal
exchange registers psychologically
as having the temporal immediacy
of oral exchange.”
Ong, 1996

44. Speech-based
expectations
Call Out Culture = Collapsed Publics
Print-based
interpretations

45. “Tactical Twitter” is
not one single
phenomenon
h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/seandavis/16528463225/

46. PUTTING OUT FIRE…WITH GASOLINE
Hashtags + Public voice + Positional
identities =
Fraught public sphere

47. h#p://www.theatlan[c.com/technology/archive/2015/11/
conversa[on-smoosh-twi#er-decay/412867/

48. “Being stripped of your personhood to stand in
the gap for a group of people against your
will is rage-inducing…you were busy
living and laughing and being a wholly fallible
human being. It is horrible to lose a job
for that.
It is a privilege to have never before lost a job
for that.”
McMillan-Cottom, 2014

49. So. Stay off the internet, & live
happily ever after,
academics? J

51. Call out culture
crosses online/offline boundaries

53. NOT a Bowie strategy:
Bowie, 2000: “The potential of what the internet is
going to do society – both good and bad – is
unimaginable. I think we’re actually
on the cusp of something exhilarating and
terrifying.”
Interviewer: “It’s just a tool isn’t it?”
Bowie: “No it’s not - it’s an alien life form. Is there Life
on Mars? Yes, it’s just landed here.”

54. What do networked identities
+ collapsed publics
MEAN for academia?

55. BEWARE THE SAVAGE
JAW OF 1984
NEVER LOOK BACK,
WALK TALL, ACT FINE
h#ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk#/media/File:AT_YOUR_OWN_RISK.svg
h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/5009661706

56. Academic Twitter allows
participation outside hierarchy
Sometimes…I’ll choose
someone with twenty
followers, because I
come across something
they’ve managed to
say in 140 characters,
and I think “oh, look at
you, crafting on a
grain of rice.”
- @KateMfD
h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/visualpanic/843670538

57. Networked identities = new forms
of vulnerability
commodification + institutional indictments of
deviance + re-inscription of societal biases

58. In a system that relies on free labour
within an increasingly precarious
profession

59. Who is standing in the gap?

60. Networked practices = scholarship
• Scholarship of discovery
• Scholarship of integration
• Scholarship of application
• Scholarship of teaching
!
(Boyer, 1990)

61. But a
scholarship of abundance
h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/92998734@N03/8466586880/

62. …and care

63. Networks are becoming
institutionalized

64. ASHES TO ASHES

65. We are not Bowie.

66. GIVE ME YOUR HANDS
VISION:
Digital Literacies for scholars & students
• Digital Strategy for systems
• OER & Open Access Literacies for scholars, students
& systems
• Professional Learning/staff development for
portfolio careers
h#p://dynamiceagle.deviantart.com/art/Hand-Pa#erns-487950483

67. …and don’t panic

68. ALL THE NOBODY PEOPLE AND
ALL THE SOMEBODY PEOPLE
NEVER THOUGHT
I’D NEED SO
MANY PEOPLE…

69. THANK YOU.
@bonstewart
bstewart@upei.ca
h#ps://www.flickr.com/photos/52489759@N00/4473791