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Head and Neck
- 1. BIO 226 Cross-sectional Anatomy Head & Neck presented by John Moore – Professor Parkland College
- 2. Structure list • CCA/ICA/ECA • choroid plexus • crista galli • dens (odontoid process) • esophagus • external auditory meatus • falx cerebri • frontal sinus • hard palate • IHF - inter hemispheric fissure (a.k.a. - longitudinal fissure) • IJV/EJV • larynx • MAC
- 3. Structure list (cont.) • maxillary sinus • nasal cavity • nasal conchae (turbinates) • nasal septum • nasopharynx/oropharynx • optic n. • pituitary gland • rectus mm. • septum pellucidum • spinal cord • superior sagittal sinus • thyroid gland • trachea • transverse foramen • ventricles (lateral, 3rd., 4th.) • vertebral a.
- 4. • The head & neck region has several characteristics that make it difficult to comprehend, and several that make it easy. The major concept that adds difficulty is the amount of detail that is found in the head & neck regions. (As an example, the Dental Hygiene Program offers a complete course in Head & Neck Anatomy!!!!) Fortunately, for an introductory level course such as this, we will not be going into tremendous amounts of detail -- only basic reference structures.
- 5. The good news is that the head & neck have more symmetry than any other area of the body. This symmetry is not only useful for study purposes, but also for diagnostics. Generally, if you see something on one side of the head/neck, and you don’t see it on the other -- something is wrong somewhere.
- 6. Some of the “applied” anatomy concepts we will be covering during the head & neck segment will include: • the concept of a “closed” cranial cavity • blood supply to/from the head • communication between intracranial and extra cranial blood systems • blood supply of the brain itself • a brief overview of the regions of the brain, and associated functions
- 8. Sternothyroid m. Sternohyoid m. SCM Hyoid bone Scalene muscles R1 clavicle Thyroid carilage GENERAL NECK ANATOMY
- 10. sphenoid frontal parietal temporal occipital external auditory meatus TMJ mastoid process ethmoid
- 11. Palatine (hard palate) Perpendicular plate Septal cartilage vomer Sphenoid sinus Sella turcica Cribriform plate of ethmoid Frontal sinus
- 12. Cribriform plate / ethmoid Sella turcica / sphenoid Crista galli / ethmoid Foramen magnum Anterior clinoid process Posterior clinoid process
- 13. Cribriform plate ETHMOID – FRONTAL VIEW Crista galli Perpendicular plate Middle nasal concha
- 15. Ethmoid air cells Maxillary sinus Frontal sinus Sphenoidal sinus
- 16. Maxillary sinuses Ethmoid air cells Frontal sinus Spenoid sinus
- 18. Ethmoid sinus
- 23. brain Pia mater Arachnoid mater Dura mater Subarachnoid space Subdural space
- 24. parietal lobe occipital lobe cerebellum central sulcus (fissure) temporal lobe medulla pons brain stem frontal lobe
- 25. spinal cord medulla oblongata pons cerebral aqueduct pituitary gland corpus callosum cerebellum 4th ventricle
- 26. Lateral ventricle 3rd ventricle 4th ventricle Frontal hornOccipital horn Temporal horn Cerebral aqueduct Foramen of Monro
- 28. Superior sagittal sinus Transverse sinus Internal jugular vein Confluence of sinuses Straight sinus Sigmoid sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Falx cerebri
- 29. CIRCLE OF WILLIS Anterior cerebral artery Anterior communicating artery Middle cerebral artery Internal carotid artery Posterior communicating artery Posterior cerebral artery Basilar artery Vertebral artery
- 31. Falx cerebri Body of right lateral ventricle
- 38. Body of right lateral ventricle Corpus callosum
- 44. Salivary Glands • Sublingual • Parotid • Submandibular
- 45. Parotid gland Accessory parotid gland Stenson’s duct Wharton’s duct Sublingual gland Submandibular gland
- 46. epiglottis hyoid Thyroid cart. Cricoid cart. Corniculate cart. Arytenoid cart. Laryngeal prominence trachea
- 47. Thyroid Gland • Right/left lobe • Pyramidal lobe • Location in neck • Contains iodine
- 48. Pyramidal lobe isthmus Left lobe Right lobe trachea
- 49. Blood Vessels • Arteries – Right/left common carotid • Right/left internal carotid • Right/left external carotid – Vertebral
- 50. Blood Vessels • Veins – Internal jugular – drains into subclavian – External jugular – drains into subclavian
- 53. ECA ICAIJV
- 55. Hyoid bone
- 58. WHERE IS THE ESOPHAGUS?
- 59. Notice differences in CCA/ICA/ECA on the two sides
- 61. Thyroid gland
- 63. trachea FINALLY – a good look at the esophagus!!!!
- 67. 49 yo female with progressive weakness
- 70. • CT precontrast • C