1. Smart Environment understanding and meaning
Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Rudolf Giffinger
Vienna University of Technology
Department of Spatial Planning
Centre of Regional Science
Workshop in Krakow
9th of January, 2014
,,SMART_KOM. Kraków in smart cities network”
cofinanced by the European Union within Malopolska Regional Operation
Programme for 2007-2013
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

2. Objectives & tasks

Environment: why


Urbanisation – wealth – environmental quality
Understanding: what and how
 Strategic integrative SC-approach on urban development
 Understanding Smart City – an evidence based learning process
 Defining most relevant domains
 Elaborating strenghts and weaknesses
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

3. WHY challenge of sustainable development
Environmental quality a precondition of urban socio-econommic development
Energy consumption a driving force of emissions

About 50 % of population in urban areas – energy consumption about 75 %

Increasing wealth – increase of traffic, urban sprawl and traffic
 Decoupling economic
growth and emissions:
CO2, particulate matter
 Increase of energy
efficiency in urban
development, / renewable
ressources in urban areas
 Re-structuring economic
activities: shift towards
green economy
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

4. WHAT: ‚Smart City„: origins and basic expectations

… originated from the „information city‟


… believe in a wired, ICT-driven form of development


… using new ICTs innovatively ….. for example implementing a
network of sensors in the city
… stresses the role of innovation in ICT sectors
… evolved to the idea of an ICT-centered smart city

highly instrumented
– …. to optimize decision making in the short and long term
– … better to manage and to control city systems by collating everdetailed information about real time functioning

… mitigating and remedying current urban problems and make
urban development more sustainable
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

5. Technical and economic understanding of Smart City
„Smart Cities combine diverse technologies to reduce their
environmental impact and offer citizens better lives.
This is not, however, simply a technical challenge….”
European Smart City stakeholder platform‟
http://www.eu-smartcities.eu/faqs# Smart_Cities; 25.2.2013

Technologies for distinct challenges existing but how to implement
„.. when investments in human and social capital and traditional (transport)
and modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel sustainable economic
growth and a high quality of life,with a wise management of natural
resources, through a participated governance.“
Caragliu, DelBoand, Nijkamp,2011

Factors influencing the emergence of innovations in urban context
– from triple helix to enhanced triple helix
– University, industry, goverment / learning, market, knowledge
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

6. WHAT: Integrative understanding of Smart City
„A Smart City is a city well performing in
[relevant key fields of urban development],
built on the ‘smart’ combination of endowments
and activities of self-decisive, independent and
aware citizens.”


Giffinger, et al., 2007
Emphasizing good performance in urban
development through

improvement of services in different key fields

in collaboration with relevant actors: citizens,
customers, stakeholders

based on actors’ awareness/behaviour

supporting development in corresponding key
field
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

7. The basic features of Europan Smart City approach

Important aspects of Smart City

.... a city well performing in a forward-looking way in specific key
fields of urban development, ….

….for which the path of development is decisive
– …efforts improving performance in distinct fields of development
– … not important to be the best
“…strengths and weaknesses of certain cities in comparison to other medium-sized
cities in Europe revealing the potentials for challenging other cities in an increasing
competitive situation…”

SC development based on learning processes

Integrative approach focusing on relevant key fields

Place based evidence: local conditions of urban development

Comprehensive: technology, structure, aware citizens (behaviour)
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

8. WHAT: Smart City as a learning process
Quantitative methods
Qualititative methods
Smart City
Key fields
28
Domains
81
Components
Workshops
Participatory
settings
Expert
interviews
Data
•
•
•
•
delivering Rank for each
city in urban system
describing position and
profile
Supporting benchmarking
Providing analytical
evidence through insights
into domains described by
components (= indicator)
•
•
•
•
identifying relevant key fields
and domains
discussing positioning and
integrating different interests
assessing profiles in terms of
strengths and weaknesses
identifying potentials for SC
development
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

9. WHAT: most relevant key fields in SMART_KOM
FACTOR NAME domainsNAME LONG
FACTOR
FACTOR NAME
FACTOR
domainsNAME LONG
Eco_1
Innovative spirit
Mob_2
(Inter-)national accessibility
Eco_2
Entrepreneurship
Mob_3
Availability of ITInfrastructure
Eco_3
Economic image &
trademarks
Mob_4
Sustainability of the
transport system
Eco_4
Productivity
Env_1
Environmental conditions
Eco_5
Flexibility of labour market
Env_2
Pollution
Eco_6
International
embeddedness
Env_3
Ecological awareness
Peo_1
Level of qualification
Env_4
Sustainable resource
management
Peo_2
Lifelong learning
Liv_1
Cultural facilities
Peo_3
Ethnic plurality
Liv_2
Health conditions
Peo_4
Open-mindedness
Liv_3
Individual security
Gov_1
Participation public life
Liv_4
Housing quality
Gov_2
Public and social services
Liv_5
Education facilities
Gov_3
Transparent governance
Liv_6
Touristic attractivity
Mob_1
Local accessibility
Liv_7
Smart City:
6 key fields are pre-defined
Economic welfare
6 workshops on each key field
- Group of relevant
stakeholders/actors
- Identification of domains
- Common discussion of
meaning and importance
9
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

10. HOW: Smart Environment workshop
Relevant domains
Relevant components
Environmental conditions
Green space, public parks, …
Pollution
Chronic Lower respiratory deseases,
particulate matter, smog, …
Ecological awareness
Protection of environment and
nature, environmental awareness, …
Sustainable resource management
Collection and treatment of waste
and wastewater, …
Others: …
….
What are most relevant domains in Krakow ?
Which components contribute to these domains?
Which strenghts and weaknesses are obvious?
In terms of
- Technical standards/innovations
- Urban structures in city and city-region
- Awareness/behavior/education/quality of public discussion
10
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

11. Good Luck
and
Many Thanks for Your Attention
Univ.Prof. Dr. Rudolf Giffinger
Department of Spatial Planning
Centre of Regional Science
Interdisciplinary Centre of European Spatial Development
Vienna University of Technology
www.srf.tuwien.ac.at
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014

12. SC-Krakov: a learning process
Project consortium (lead partner
Technology Park Krakov) identifies
• Key fields and domains of smart urbanregional development
6 specific local workshops about key fields
• Assessing keyfields and domains
• Identifying strengths and weaknesses
• Elaborating potentials
• Learning from good practice (visits)
•
SC_Profiles: benchmarking for
dedecting strenghts and weaknesses
and good practice examples
•
Final strategy with road map in
cooperation with stakeholders
…probably part of an additional
project…
Competent Network of SC representatives
participating in 6 workshops - elaborating
different aspects of a road map
Krakow, 9th of January, 2014