Blockchain definition, frameworks, use cases, solutions

1. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
CW
IN
CAPGEMINI
WEEK OF
INNOVATION
NETWORKS
Blockchain for Enterprise
Emanuele Galdi - Enterprise Architect
Giancarlo Baglioni - COO Aon Italy

2. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
Bitcoin vs Blockchain
Blockchain
A blockchain is a decentralized and distributed digital ledger that is used
to record transactions across many computers so that the record cannot be
altered retroactively without the alteration of all subsequent blocks and the
collusion of the network.
The Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a snippet of code that
represents ownership of a digital concept
The main technical innovation was not the digital currency itself but
the technology that lay behind it, known today as blockchain.
Bitcoin

3. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
Three main characteristics
Security
Users can trust that transactions
will be executed exactly under
some specific rules, removing the
need for a trusted third party.
Moreover, due to its nature of
decentralized infrastructure, a
blockchain does not have a central
point of failure and is better able to
withstand malicious attacks
Immutability
Transactions are immutable, meaning they
cannot be altered or deleted. While
immutability is a relative concept, it can be
asserted with certainty that it is extremely hard
to change a blockchain, and if someone tries, it
is extremely easy to detect the attempt
Transparency
The participants in a blockchain
network are always in control of their
information and/or transactions.
Moreover, each transaction performed
on a blockchain is viewable by anyone
(only by validators in permissioned
chains),anywhere, and in any moment

4. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
Permissionless Blockchain Permissioned Blockchain
Types of Blockchain
Blockchain Blockchain
An open system in which
anyone can participate
It must be secured by a
consensus process, which is
incentivized through a
cryptocurrency
A closed system with
permission procedures for
participation
It does not have to be secured
by a consensus process, and
does not require a native
cryptocurrency

5. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
Decision Tree Framework
How many copies
of the ledger?
One
Permissioned
Blockchain
Permissionless
Blockchain
Centralized
solution
Who can use these
copies?
Many
Who maintains
integrity of the
ledger?
Anyone
Owner group
Any user

6. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
Type of Use Cases
Any asset can be tokenized on
blockchain:
- Tokens issued by trusted entity/s
- Token confers right of redemption
Disintermediates centralized
control
– More secure and cheaper
Confidentiality limits applications
– Small financial trading circles
– Gift cards, loyalty points
Digital certificate of authenticity
– Physical transfer ⇒ token transfer
– Verifiable chain of custody
Disintermediates risk of fraud
– Collusion cannot corrupt
Confidentiality via multiple
addresses – Fewer transactions
between competitors
– Regulation can still be a concern
Collectively record and notarize
– Communications or transactions
– Digital signatures + immutability
Infrastructure solution for large
groups
Disintermediates external party
– Cheaper and simpler
Confidentiality easily addressed
– Encryption or hashing
Lightweight financial systems Provenance tracking Interorganizational record keeping
Multiparty data aggregation

7. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
The Distributed Ledger Marketplace

8. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
*Source: ANIA 2017 on 2016 Premium Income
Market overview
In the Italian non-life insurance
market, brokers are a crucial
distribution channel. The 35% of their
market share, based on premium income,
largely originates with property and
casualty products.* Especially with
these products, agents take advantage
from the brokers who act as the first
point of contact for the client and
intermediate for many of these
opportunities.
Currently the broker-insurer data
exchange process is not standardized
and needs to be standardized
Main challenges
Our analysis shows that the Quotation
Process is inefficient due to the
following reasons:
▪ It is mainly manual
▪ There is an absence or low
utilisation of a common/unique
platform for data exchange
regarding the quotation;
▪ There is an extensive amount of
to-and-from between brokers and
insurers to achieve data
completeness
Insurance for commercial property and casualty

9. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
To build an efficient, transparent, secure, and easy to use platform
for negotiations between brokers and insurers
Secure
communication
and storage
Transparent
audit trails
Structured
negotiation
Easy on
boarding
Smart
storage
Highly
automated
Our solution aspirations

10. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
Main features
DL Database
AON
WTW
Unipol
Sai
AIG Generali
Smart Contract▪ Business data stored on the distributed
ledger in a step-wise updated smart contract
▪ Process rules are managed and executed by
the nodes
▪ Only the nodes involved in the transaction are
able to read and store the data
▪ Contract and firm order are shared through
an attachment function
▪ Privacy features are implemented in an
operationally simple manner
A Bird’s Eye-View of the solution

11. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
High level IT landscape
The Corda platform includes
APIs to integrate the node
with legacy systems of the
stakeholder and automate
internal processes
Legacy integration
The nodes are
implemented using
standard Corda
architecture customized
for our purposes
Node architecture
The Corda node module
provides a rest API to
integrate with frontends.
For the Prototype, the
frontend has been developed
using AngularJS
Frontend integration
Frontend
Node
Tamper-resistant ledger
Transactions
State workflow
Messaging
Security mngt.
Internal API
Legacy systems
Portfolio system
Business intelligence
Channel frontend
Accounting
Document management
External API
ExternalAPI

12. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
Q4-2018
Q1-2019
2019
Today
(phase 3)
Full Platform in
Production
Extend the functionality
of the Platform to
new types of
products
Enrich the ecosystem with
additional services and processes
Decision & Action about
Governance, IP
Rights, Fundings
Q1-2018
• Introduction of external information
provider (es. Dun&Bradstreet)
• Qualification of external services
(Outsourcing Data Entry/OCR/...)
• Processes extension integration with
Sales and Post Sales
• Get the prototype
ready to manage the
volume of the
production activities
• Set up the
production
ecosystem with all
related system
integration activities
Strategic exploration of
new business models
and products on the
basis of DLT: Liability,
Casualty, Marine, ...
Febr 2019:
Market in place
Oct 2018: Mou
defined
Roadmap

13. © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.CWIN18 – ITALY
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