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From Customer Orders
           Through Fulfillment
      Challenges and Opportunities in
     Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail




                                February 2013




Sponsored by:   Conducted by:                   On behalf of:
                                                   ®




                                                   ®
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
         Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail




Background                                                   Companies across all business sectors are
                                                             facing a startling reality: How effectively they
 Order management and fulfillment has long                   manage their order management and fulfillment
 been considered one of the core competencies                processes has a direct and immediate bearing
 of supply chain—and business—success.                       on the success—even survival—of their
 Today, maintaining a core competency in order               business. And nowhere is this any more evident
 management and fulfillment is more important                than in the most dynamic sectors driving our
 than ever. At the same time, it has become                  global economy: manufacturing, high-tech, and
 tougher than ever. The reasons are familiar to any          retail.
 company operating in the global arena. Here are
 just a few:
                                                          The Study
 • An explosion of order and delivery channels               In a recent study conducted by Peerless
 • The complexity of global supply chains                    Research Group on behalf of Supply Chain
 •  he rising expectations of customers and
   T                                                         Management Review and Logistics Management
   consumers                                                 for Oracle Corporation and Capgemini, 589 top
                                                             supply chain executives in manufacturing, high-
 This story begins with a large, multinational               tech and retail businesses around the globe give
 manufacturer faced with siloed back office                  a good sense of how well companies in these
 systems, multiple distribution centers, scores of           key sectors are meeting the order fulfillment
 inventory locations and a diverse mix of suppliers.         challenge—and where they need to improve
 They faced challenges around how to standardize             their game. The research further reveals that
 business processes in order to gain visibility into         order fulfillment processes are, in fact, becoming
 inventory levels and the order fulfillment process;         more intricate and that inventory management
 build a more efficient supply chain; and ultimately,        and delivery performance is slipping. The
 improve customer satisfaction in an increasingly            consequences are steep. Customer satisfaction
 competitive environment.                                    and retention are put at risk and businesses
                                                             are forced to allocate additional spending on
 Their initial thought was to “rip and replace” their        resources and labor to address the situation.
 existing legacy systems; however, this ambitious            This, coupled with the rising price of raw
 choice would have been extremely time-                      materials and mounting transportation costs, are
 consuming, expensive, and disruptive, with value            seen as a growing threat to the bottom line of
 only emerging at the very end of the process.               businesses everywhere.
 They also considered integrating the systems, an
 effort that might address today’s problems but              The following findings focus on the inventory
 lead them to the same situation down the road               fulfillment strategies and constraints faced in
 when their business process changed again. The              three specific industry sectors—manufacturing,
 company ultimately determined that they would               high-tech and retail—and how these companies
 need the flexibility to change their business               are doing in meeting these challenges.
 processes without the hassle of changing out all
 the systems in which they had invested during
 the last thirty years.

 Does this scenario sound familiar?




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                                        O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                   Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Critical Issues and Challenges Related to
Order Management and Fulfillment
  Businesses across the manufacturing, high-tech, and retail industry sectors
  face many of the same challenges in managing their supply chains.

  Companies across the board are in agreement that managing order
  management systems and fulfillment processes is becoming more
  multifaceted and, subsequently, complicated. All this is happening as order
  processing windows narrow and customer demands intensify. Complying
  with the heightened demands likely increases internal costs to meet these
  order fulfillment requirements.

  In particular, the complexity of order management systems, the ongoing
  challenge of keeping customers satisfied, adhering to delivery schedules,
  and combating rising costs related to order fulfillment are among the major
  issues companies now face in all three sectors studied. Even so, there
  were some nuances noted. For example, manufacturers appear somewhat
  less concerned than the others with regard to customer satisfaction issues
  and rising technology costs. Retailers, for their part, identified maintaining
  customer satisfaction as a top challenge but contend that holding to order
  promise dates is a lesser issue to them.

 Top inventory management challenges
                                                                                           44%

       Maintaining customer satisfaction                                                 41%
                                                                                                   48%
                                                                                                    49%


                                                                                         42%

          Order management complexity                                                 42%
                                                                                    39%
                                                                                        45%


                                                                                    39%

         Inaccurate order promise dates                                                  42%
                                                                                         42%
                                                                       29%


                                                                                  38%
   Escalating supply chain and IT costs                                        35%
                 around order fulfillment                                                41%
                                                                                            45%


                                                                   26%
             Inability to get a global view                         27%
                  of orders and inventory                             29%
                                                             21%

                 Total                   Manufacturing             High-Tech              Retail


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                                                     O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                   Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Contributing to the complexities of order management processes are the
multiple, disparate order capture and fulfillment systems companies now
operate. Roughly four out of five rely on several order capture mechanisms
(79%), while more than two-thirds employ more than one order fulfillment
system. In general, the companies in our study manage slightly more than
three (3.1) order-taking channels such as e-commerce, call centers, and
EDI. In addition, they have nearly three (2.7) systems for carrying out orders,
which often includes ERP, WMS and order management applications.
Survey data further reveals that larger companies, i.e., those with annual
revenues of more than $500M have an even greater number of systems, with
an average of 3.5 order capture systems and 3.3 fulfillment systems.

Expediting fulfillment and shipping to meet order commitments is the primary
factor contributing to order management expenses, as shown in the chart
below. Adding resources to respond to shipping delays and taking on
additional labor to handle order processing are other major expense factors.

Factors that drive order fulfillment costs
Rank            Total              Manufacturing                   High-Tech                   Retail

       Expedites to meet         Expedites to meet           Expedites to meet         Expedites to meet
  1    customer order dates      customer order dates        customer order dates      customer order dates


       Shipping delays or        Shipping delays or          Number of staff           Number of staff
  2    transportation issues     transportation issues       required to manage        required to manage
                                                             order entry processes     order entry processes

       Number of staff           Number of staff       Shipping delays or              Shipping delays or
  3    required to manage        required to manage    transportation issues           transportation issues
       order entry processes     order entry processes


Meeting delivery timelines, flexibility in handling orders, and dealing with each
customer’s unique set of order requirements are challenges that manufacturers
and high-tech firms in particular are dealing with. Yet, retail businesses face
very different issues than these other sectors when it comes to the ability
to keep customers satisfied. While retailers also are challenged with hitting
promised target dates, they are further tested with securing visibility into
planned inventory and handling multiple order systems, as shown here:

Challenges in maintaining customer satisfaction
Rank           Total               Manufacturing                  High-Tech                    Retail

       Accurately promising      Accurately promising        Accurately promising      Visibility to planned
       dates based on fulfill-   dates based on fulfill-     dates based on fulfill-   inventories to commit
 1     ment planning lead        ment planning lead          ment planning lead        (internally and across
       times/estimates           times/estimates             times/estimates           partners/supply base)

       Responding to             Responding to               Responding to             Accurately promising
       changing customer         changing customer           changing customer         dates based on fulfill-
 2     order delivery            order delivery              order delivery            ment planning lead
       expectations              expectations                expectations              times/estimates

       Managing different        Managing different          Managing different        Multiple order
       rules and order man-      rules and order man-        rules and order man-      channels and
 3     agement processes         agement processes           agement processes         systems to manage
       for each customer         for each customer           for each customer


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                                                           O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                       Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



Order Fulfillment in the Manufacturing Sector
Challenges
  Costs related to order fulfillment appear to be escalating across the
  manufacturing sector. Transportation costs are the biggest driver of the
  increases, followed by the price of raw materials, labor-related costs, and the
  costs of manufacturing processes. Combined, these cost increases have hit
  the manufacturing industry hard.


 Costs associated with fulfillment
                  3%                    3%                   4%                   5%                    5%
     12%                    20%                 29%                   33%                    50%
     85%
                            77%
                                                67%
                                                                      62%

                                                                                             45%




 Transportation         Raw materials        Labor-related        Manufacturing           Warehousing

                           Decreased            Stayed the same              Increased


  Many manufacturers we surveyed also have experienced a tighter order
  cycle as the time from order receipt to shipment out to customer has
  contracted (43%) or remained the same (29%).
                                                                                                    “In the upcoming years,
                                                                                                     technology will help us
                                                                                                     streamline processes
                                                                                                     such as order fulfillment,
                                                                                                     procurement strategies, and
                                                                                                     aggregation of demand in
                                                                                                     order to lower production
                                                                                                     costs/lead times. It will also
                                                                                                     enable greater logistics
                                                                                                     visibility to help reduce
                                                                                                     redundancy in trucking.”
                                                                                                             —Vice President, Sourcing;
                                                                                                              $500M - $1B in revenues




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                                                      O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                 Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Order Processing
 As we emphasized above, most manufacturers have customers that are
 ordering through multiple channels. Among those we surveyed, almost nine
 out of ten (86%) have customers that are using multiple channels. In fact,
 four out of ten manufacturers report that more than twenty-five percent of
 their clients utilize multiple order channels. And this trend is on the rise! Just
 under one-half (45%) say that the number of customers who use multiple
 sources has increased during the last year while others say the number has
 stayed the same (50%). Only 5% have seen a drop-off here. With so many
 customers using various purchase paths, the ability to capture purchase
 data and understand buying trends becomes increasingly challenging. From
 a reporting perspective, if information is siloed by channel it makes it that
 much more difficult to have a 360° customer view. This also underscores the
 importance of multi-channel consistency.

Number of customers ordering from multiple channels during last 12 months


        Stayed the same 50%


              Increased 45%


             Decreased    5%




                                                                                      “The adoption of new
                                                                                       technologies could help in
                                                                                       giving us a better picture
                                                                                       of what types of orders
                                                                                       are coming in, what our
                                                                                       average order size is by
                                                                                       volume and length, as well
                                                                                       as streamlining our invoicing
                                                                                       process. Currently, we do not
                                                                                       have the ability to create one
                                                                                       invoice for a customer that
                                                                                       has placed multiple lines
                                                                                       of shipping from different
                                                                                       facilities.”
                                                                                        —
                                                                                        ­ Vice President, Supply Chain
                                                                                                  Operations; $100M




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                                                O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                   Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Drop Shipping
  The majority of manufacturers (78%) drop ship their orders. Of these, more
  than one-fourth (27%) indicate that at least one out of every four orders is
  sent directly to the customer.

  The practice of drop shipping has been on the rise over the last few years.
  Most companies either continue to experience an increase or maintain a
  comparable level in dealing directly with the customer. With drop shipments
  becoming a more attractive option for manufacturers, operations will require
  greater integration of systems as well as transparency across vendors’
  systems.

 The trend for drop shipping orders during last 2 years

         Stayed the same 55%


                Increased 35%


               Decreased 10%




Value-added Offerings
  Interestingly, the manufacturers we surveyed are divided as to whether
  they currently offer value-added features or services such as warranties,
  or installation services, along with their sales.

  This is likely to change over the next few years as more manufacturers add,
  or consider adding, value-added features to their products. In fact, roughly
  one-half of those we surveyed expect to couple more services with their
  products in the next two years. It would seem that coupling services with
  hard goods presents a real opportunity and competitive differentiator for
  companies who choose to take this path.

  Offering value-added services with products
              56%                                   30%

                                                                                   Unsure
                                                    23%
                                                                                   No

              44%                                   47%                            Yes




  Now offer value-added features/               Plan to couple
     services with products             value-added services/features



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                                               O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                      Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Outsourcing
  Over the next few years, the outsourcing of transportation, production and
  warehousing is expected to rise. Just over one third of respondents expect to
  increase outsourcing of production and warehousing tasks, while 46 percent
  will subcontract more transportation and logistics activities. The survey
  indicates that change is inevitable. With one third of companies anticipating
  that their outsourcing business processes will increase, they will require
  systems that are flexible enough to manage this change.

 Outsourcing
                        4%                                      7%                                      7%
         50%                                    57%                                       57%




         46%                                    36%                                       35%

     Transportation                        Warehousing                              Production

                         Decrease               Stay the same               Increase


Corporate Mergers and Acquisitions
  Interestingly, roughly one-half of the companies we studied have either been
  acquired by or have purchased another company sometime within the last
  five years. Of those operations that have been involved in such transactions,
  key integrative activities have involved merged ERP backbones, cross-
  selling products across divisions or merging sales channels. With less than
  fifty percent of companies planning to cross sell their acquired products,
  there is significant opportunity for those who decide to do so. These
  companies could also benefit from increased levels of customer satisfaction
  that result from being able to order all items from a single channel.

 Key integration activities of merged companies
                       Been acquired by or
                purchased another company
                                                                                                  47%
                                     (Net)

            Merge into a single ERP system                                                            50%

 Cross sell products across separate channels                                                   44%

                      Manage sales channels                                               40%

       Continue to run separate ERP instances                     22%

                                       Other      3%

                                 Don’t know        10%




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                                                      O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                      Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Process Performance
  When asked to evaluate their own key order fulfillment processes, a majority of
  companies indicated that standardized fulfillment solutions operate efficiently.
  This suggests that multiple order taking and delivery modules can contribute
  to creating fulfillment systems that are more difficult to control. As previously
  noted, attaining visibility across partners is one area in need of improvement

 Rating the performance of order fulfillment processes
                                                                                                            “We are looking to
      16%                     24%              25%                     32%                   37%             reduce disparate
      33%                                                                                                    systems with a
                              35%              37%                                                           centralized system,
                                                                       37%
                                                                                             36%             provide seamless
      51%                                                                                                    experience to the
                              41%              38%
                                                                                                             customer, and
                                                                       31%                   27%             improve service
                                                                                                             levels.”
                                                                                                                 ­—Director/Manager,
  Standardized          Order monitoring    Handling of         Centralized 24x7        Supply visibility               Supply Chain
 order fulfillment       and exception     complex, multi-      order promising         across external            Operations; $2.5B+
                         management         party orders                                   partners

                           Fair/Poor         Good                 Excellent/Very good




Priorities
  In the upcoming months, manufacturers are likely to focus on multiple
  aspects of their order management and fulfillment operations. Upgrading
  customer service, fulfilling more orders at a faster rate and doing it less                               “We are looking for
  expensively, increasing profits on a per-order basis, and improving the                                    technology to provide
  accuracy of order promises are all top level priorities for most manufacturers.
                                                                                                             leverage in order
                                                                                                             fulfillment, better
 Fulfillment priorities for manufacturers                                                                    and more accurate
    Improve customer service                                                                                 investment in assets,
                                                                                                  66%
       and satisfaction levels                                                                               higher customer
        Increase margins and                                                                                 satisfaction and
                                                                                                64%
         profitability per order                                                                             possibly reduce
     Fulfill more orders, faster
                                                                                                             overall costs and
             and at lower costs                                                                 64%          increase profitability
                                                                                                             per product.”
    Improve accuracy of order
         promises and status                                                                 62%                 ­—Director/Manager,
                                                                                                                        Supply Chain
 Reduce IT costs and complexity                                                                                    Operations; $2.5B+
 in order fulfillment processes                23%




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                                                    O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                    Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



Order Fulfillment in the High-Tech Sector
Challenges
  Order fulfillment costs for those respondents in the high-tech industry are on
  the rise for most key areas. The vast majority of companies are experiencing
  increased costs for transportation, raw materials and labor, while only a small
  percentage are seeing a drop in costs in any of these areas.


 Costs associated with fulfillment
                   2%                     5%                       5%                        3%
      22%                     26%                      30%                         56%

      76%
                              70%
                                                       65%


                                                                                   41%




  Transportation          Raw materials            Labor-related               Warehousing

                        Decreased          Stayed the same            Increased


  Another concern among high-tech businesses is the reduction in order cycle
  times. Comparable to the manufacturers studied, the period from receipt of
  an order to the outgoing shipment to the customer has contracted for nearly
  one out of every two businesses (46%) in our study.
Collaborating on Forecasts
  Many high-tech companies collaborate with their partners on demand
  forecasting. More than half (53%) indicated that they work with at least
  10% of their customers on estimating sales needs. However, the biggest
  forecasting challenge companies face is the accuracy of data used in the
  collaboration process, which further tests order planning and fulfillment
  capabilities. Other significant hurdles involve customers’ ability to make a
  firm commitment, timeliness of the information, and a lack of communication
  across functional areas. A possible reason for the problem of forecasting
  accuracy lies in the reliance on Sales for allocation. The prevalence of this
  practice should drive a significant effort among companies to track, evaluate
  and resolve those factors which are preventing timely commitment to the
  customer.




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                                               O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                     Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



 Forecasting challenges
       58%
                             52%
                                                46%                   43%

                                                                                         23%


  Accuracy of data       Committing to    Timeliness of data    Communication          Agreeing on
                          the forecast                              among             “one number”
                                                                functional areas



Allocation Strategies and Commitments
  Product allocation and distribution are often determined by several key
  factors and are largely driven by sales and cost. With the majority of
  companies relying on sales for allocation, it is critical that they have the
  proper tools in place to validate the accuracy of sales forecasts. The survey
  confirms that sales figures provide valuable customer insights that cannot
  be ignored. However, the survey also points out that, on average, high-tech
  companies are not meeting their allocation commitments 50% of the time.
  This contradiction suggests that these companies are not doing a good
  job of constraining their allocations against a realistic supply picture, nor
  are they holding themselves or their customers to their commitments. Two
  questions arise: 1) Do the manufacturers not believe the forecast and plan
  production to a different number? Or, 2) Are the customers ordering more
  than agreed? In either case, companies need tighter controls over this
  process from planning through execution.



 Factors used to determine allocation strategies
         Sales driven                                                                        69%

         Cost driven                                                        52%

      Location driven                       26%

  ABC classification                        26%

          Percentage                18%

 Fair share allocation             17%




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                                                  O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



The high-tech companies surveyed certainly could improve meeting their
allocation scheduling commitments. While slightly more than one out of two
(57%) said that they meet their promised timeline all or most of the time, the
remainder do not!

Effectiveness in meeting allocation obligations


         75%-100% of the time 57%



      Less than 75% of the time 43%




In addition, almost one-half further contend that shipments are often delayed
by a day or longer. These failures are likely attributed to using inaccurate or
dated forecasting and planning information.


Meeting shipping commitments

                      On time 53%


             Delayed 1-2 days 30%


             Delayed 3-7 days 15%


      Delayed more than 7 days   2%


Here, there is clearly an opportunity for competitive advantage for
companies that can successfully implement collaborative forecast
compliance programs and drive real improvement in this arena, from the
planning through the execution of the orders.




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                                              O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                      Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Corporate Mergers and Acquisitions
  One out of three high-tech companies surveyed have undergone a corporate
  shake-up in the last few years. And, much like the majority of manufacturers
  that have experienced a similar transition, integration of disparate ERP
  systems into a single platform has been a priority. However, only about a
  third of respondents (34%) plan to merge sales channels and only 19%
  plan to cross sell products. For a large number of high-tech companies in
  the survey, these decisions beg the question: What opportunities are they
  missing for better customer penetration, and what infrastructure could they
  put in place to better capture synergies from the merged companies?

 Key integration activities of merged companies
                 Been acquired by or
          purchased another company
                                                                         36%
                               (Net)

      Merge into a single ERP system                                                              56%

                Manage sales channels                                 34%

 Continue to run separate ERP instances                22%
            Cross sell products among
                                                    19%
                    separate channels
                                 Other     9%
                           Don’t know 5%



Process Performance
  High-tech companies, similar to manufacturers, favorably rate their
  standardized order fulfillment practices as highly efficient. Their performance
  on centralized order fulfillment system uptime and supply chain visibility
  received relatively lower self-ratings.


  Rating the performance of order fulfillment processes
       12%                   17%                22%                   35%                    33%
       33%
                             38%
                                                36%
                                                                      26%                    37%
       55%
                             45%                42%                   39%
                                                                                             30%


   Standardized         Order monitoring    Handling of         Centralized 24x7        Supply visibility
  order fulfillment      and exception     complex, multi-      order promising         across external
                         management         party orders                                   partners

                          Fair/Poor          Good                 Excellent/Very good




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                                                  O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                       Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Priorities
  Integration, visibility and collaboration are the areas in which high-tech
  companies believe they need to upgrade. In the upcoming months, more
  than one-half of these high-tech operations will concentrate on improving
  margins, enhancing customer service, making order fulfillment more
  efficient, and improving the accuracy of order promising. With close to
  70% of respondents looking to increase margins and profitability per order,
  companies have a real opportunity to introduce margin or profitability-based
  promising and order exception management into their business processes.


  Fulfillment priorities for high-tech companies
   Increase margins and
    profitability per order
                                                                                         69%


  Improve customer service
   and satisfaction levels
                                                                                   60%


  Fulfill more orders, faster
        and at lower costs
                                                                                  58%


  Improve accuracy of order
    promises and status
                                                                       51%


    Reduce IT costs and
      complexity in order                    29%
    fulfillment processes



                                                                                         “We are looking to improve
                                                                                          visibility all along the supply
                                                                                          chain, thus removing any
                                                                                          wastage or bottlenecks. This
                                                                                          will ensure efficiency and
                                                                                          effectiveness in the supply
                                                                                          chain, thus meeting the
                                                                                          expectation of increasing
                                                                                          demand by knowledgeable
                                                                                          customers who want their
                                                                                          orders in the quickest
                                                                                          manner at an optimized
                                                                                          cost.”
                                                                                            —Director/Manager of Supply
                                                                                           Chain Operations; $500M - $1B




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                                              O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                   Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



Order Fulfillment in the Retail Sector
  Among the retailers surveyed, one out of four operates more than 500 stores
  while two out of four run 35 or fewer outlets. Also, half of the respondents
  operate one or two warehouses or distribution centers, while one third (31%)
  manage at least five such facilities.
Fulfillment Services
  Nearly nine out of ten retailers report that they support more than one
  selling channel. In fact, retailers maintain roughly four different types of
  selling channels, on average. These channels include catalogs, websites,
  storefronts, call centers and telephone orders. For multi-channel orders,
  fulfillment is typically handled through distribution centers. Slightly over one
  third of respondents (38%) use their store inventory to fulfill orders. With
  leading retailers making headlines for their ship-from-store programs, a new
  bar is being set for inventory utilization in retail, but many retailers do not yet
  have the infrastructure in place to meet this challenge.


 Facilities used to fulfill orders
             84%




                                      43%
                                                               38%                          36%



      Distribution centers          3rd party                  Stores                 Fulfillment centers

Fulfillment for Online Orders
  For orders placed on-line and subsequently picked up at a store, the origin
  of the inventory is mixed. Most commonly, the merchandise is from an
  internal warehouse (30%) or from the store (21%). Interestingly, one-third
  of these retailers do not even offer an in-store pick up service. Retailers
  who do not leverage their store inventory to fulfill orders are at risk of losing
  customers to competitors. Therefore, the time is approaching for companies
  to re-evaluate their infrastructure, and consider investing in systems that offer
  the flexibility to pull from store inventory for fulfillment.




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                                                  O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                    Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



 Inventory sources for store pick up
        Offer store pick up
         for onliine orders
                                                                                               66%

 From an internal warehouse                             30%

             From the store                    21%

           3rd party vendor        10%

       All of these sources              16%

     We do not offer store
   pickup for online orders
                                                            33%

                                                                                                “I could see allowing
 Retailers are also equally divided on direct shipping policies; roughly one out                 customers to reserve select
 of every two ship directly from the store (48%) to customers while the others                   items in a store using a
 do not (52%).                                                                                   smartphone application
                                                                                                 that allows us to know
 Interestingly, only one out of four (27%) of the retail businesses we                           who they are and what
 questioned are either evaluating whether to ship customer orders directly
                                                                                                 they mean to us. This
 from the store or currently doing it offline. While 22% say they currently have
 the resources in place and embrace this strategy, others who are evaluating                     would require back room
 shipping directly from a store assert that challenges exist. Some claim that                    inventory, hence the select
 even though they are evaluating this option, they lack the necessary systems                    items. We can’t afford to
 to handle the task or are simply performing it manually, which most assuredly                   handle product multiple
 comes with further costs and risks.                                                             times.
                                                                                                     —
                                                                                                     ­ Vice President, Supply Chain
                                                                                                        Operations, $100M - $250M
 Status on shipping customer orders direct from a store
 We use this business model and
   have the software systems in                         22%
               place to support it

 We are evaluating this but lack the
systems to support shipments from          12%
                         our stores

 We are currently doing this offline
  without the support of software              15%


         We are not evaluating this
                 fulfillment option                                                      51%




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                                                     O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                    Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail


Measuring Success
  Three out of every four retailers (78%) use a “same store sales” metric to
  evaluate a store’s measure of success. This metric, while common, does
  not take into consideration the multi-channel aspect of retailers. Given the                          “We are looking to move
  growth of multi-channel retail, perhaps it’s time for the industry to consider                        from an annual inventory
  new success metrics that incorporate the multi-channel aspect of their                                cycle to a perpetual
  business.
                                                                                                        inventory, implementing
                                                                                                        more cycle counts, etc.
                                                                                                        Additionally, we hope to
Challenges                                                                                              have greater (and more
  Offering fulfillment options to customers across multiple channels is                                 accurate) visibility of
  problematic for many retailers. These issues are primarily a result of retailers                      products throughout the
  just not having the technology capacity to handle multiple options. The
                                                                                                        supply chain (vendor,
  challenges typically revolve around insufficient inventory and warehouse
  management software capabilities, multi-channel systems integration issues,                           transit, DC and store).”
  transparency across inventory procedures, and a lack of internal aptitude.                                   —Vice President, Supply
                                                                                                          Chain Operations, $1B - $2.5B


  Challenges in offering multi-channel fulfillment options
  We lack the software capabilities in our order management,
       store inventory management/point of sale, warehouse                                          38%
  management and other systems to handle multi-channel orders


                    We lack the software integration needed                                       34%
                             to fulfill orders across channels


    We lack the inventory visibility across stores, warehouses                              29%
          and vendors in order to accurately promise orders


                      We lack the skills and operational tools                       22%
                                 in our stores to fulfill orders


                           We do not have funding to rollout                   17%
                      a comprehensive multi-channel solution



                                                         Other      2%



                                                Not applicable                                    34%




                                                                      17
                                                        O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
                 Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



Yet, for many of these retailers, fulfillment costs continue to climb.


Costs associated with fulfillment


               Increased 78%



        Stayed the same 16%



              Decreased     6%



In general, though, it’s all about long-range vision and customer service
versus the immediate payback. Overwhelmingly, four out of five respondents
to our survey profess that fulfilling orders according to customer
requirements outweighs any efforts to cut costs.


What’s more important?


    Fulfilling an order when a customer wants it 80%



        Decreasing the cost of fulfilling an order 20%




                                                                18
                                                  O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
      Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



Conclusion and Recommendations
 It was not a big surprise that this survey revealed the increasing complexity and costs
 associated with managing and fulfilling orders. The survey did, however, reveal several
 opportunities for companies in the manufacturing, high-tech and retail industries to embrace
 these changes and improve both their competitive positioning and their bottom lines.

 •  anufacturers should consider following retailers in embracing the new multi-channel
   M
   reality by evaluating up-sell and cross-sell opportunities across product lines. They should
   also consider focusing on creating a consistent customer experience across all channels.
   Investing in a technology platform to help manage these changes will make it easier to adopt
   new business processes and create a single face to the customer.

 •  igh-tech companies should collaborate, enforce, and measure their allocation commitments
   H
   with their key customers. To be most effective, these allocation strategies ought to be quickly
   constrained by supply and re-communicated to customers as required. As demonstrated
   in the survey, even if high-tech firms do a good job of planning their allocations, these
   commitments are not being enforced at the time of order execution. To address this situation,
   companies need to integrate their allocations into the promise dates that are provided to
   customers. If better decisions are to be made in the future, high-tech companies should
   measure their effectiveness in keeping these commitments and, on the flip side, have honest
   conversations when customers deviate from the agreed upon plan.

 •  ulti-channel commerce is a reality that retailers must embrace. To make better use of their
   M
   assets, retailers should consider exploiting in-store inventories. Although the barriers to
   including in-store inventory for fulfillment may be high, the rewards will likely outweigh the
   costs in the long run.

 Finally, across all three industries, it is clear that customer service outweighs considerations
 of cost in order fulfillment decisions. However, the ability to consistently view margins in
 promising, fulfillment, and particularly expediting activities, could improve decision making
 without sacrificing service level agreements.

 It is worth exploring innovative technology solutions available today that can address these
 issues and drastically improve an organization’s order orchestration and fulfillment practices.

 Returning to the story of the large, multinational manufacturer, this company found a solution
 to design and implement a new, integrated, end-to-end business process without re-
 implementing non-value added functionality. They inserted applications that could co-exist
 with their existing legacy systems to create a new standardized process, across all sites. By
 leveraging systems that separate the master data, business rules, and business process from
 the physical integrations, they now have a platform for the future which delivers immediate
 benefits, including:

 • Greater transparency and a single source of inventory information

 • Reduced cycle times for proposals, orders and fulfillment

 • mproved ability to address complex customer needs more quickly and with fewer data
   I
   errors.

 In addition, standardizing business processes across all sites creates the ability to capture
 best practices for further improvement and efficiency; furthermore, the threats of volatility and
 change in the marketplace are mitigated by the existence of an agile and scalable supply
 chain platform.


                                                   19
                                     O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
       Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



Methodology
  This research was conducted by Peerless Research Group on behalf of Supply Chain
  Management Review and Logistics Management magazines for Oracle and Capgemini,
  leading providers of supply chain software solutions and consulting services. This
  study was executed in December, 2012, and was administered over the Internet among
  subscribers to Supply Chain Management Review and Logistics Management magazines
  and enewsletters. The survey was also sent to a small sample of names provided by
  Oracle.

  The findings are based on information collected among 589 top supply chain executives.

  All respondents were pre-qualified for being involved in decisions as they relate to supply
  chain order fulfillment and order management solutions for either their company or for
  others. Respondents were further qualified and segmented into one of three industry
  categories: Manufacturing (355 respondents), High-Tech (101) and Retail (133).

  Overall, respondents are predominantly upper level executive management and included
  job titles such as President/CEO/Owner (15%), VP/Director/Manager of Supply Chain
  Operations (25%), and Director/Manager of Distribution and Logistics (21%). Companies
  of all sizes are also well-represented in the findings; results are further based on
  businesses located across the globe and encompasses North America (77%), Asia Pacific
  (16%) Latin America (10%), and Europe (10%).



About Oracle
  Oracle is a leading provider of supply chain solutions across all industries. Oracle Supply
  Chain Management, the most complete supply chain solution, is comprised of: order
  orchestration and fulfillment, value chain planning, value chain execution, product lifecycle
  management, advanced procurement, manufacturing and asset lifecycle management.
  Customers can choose to adopt individual applications or the entire suite. This allows
  organizations to create a flexible path to value chain transformation.

  In the area of order orchestration and fulfillment, Oracle has developed Oracle Fusion
  Distributed Order Orchestration (DOO), a transformational solution designed to address
  the increasingly complex world of order management and fulfillment. Oracle Fusion DOO
  works with existing order capture and fulfillment systems to create a centralized view of all
  orders, enables order management personnel to define and apply enterprise-wide order
  orchestration rules and processes, and allows delays and other problems to be quickly
  identified and rectified via jeopardy alerts. Oracle Fusion Global Order Promising (GOP),
  an optional component of Oracle Fusion DOO, allows users to make optimal product
  availability commitments, and take advantage of all available supply with order promising.
  In doing so, Oracle Fusion DOO and Oracle Fusion GOP enable manufacturing, high tech,
  and retail organizations to streamline order management processes for lower costs, higher
  margins and improved customer service.




                                                   20
                                     O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment
 Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail



  Contact info: For more information, please contact Brad Kerr, Senior Director,
  Application Business Group, brad.kerr@oracle.com

  Or please visit:
  www.oracle.com/goto/scm
  http://www.oracle.com/us/products/applications/fusion/supply-chain-management/
  distributed-order-orchestration/overview/index.html



About Capgemini
  Capgemini, in partnership with Oracle, offers customer-centric solutions to help
  manage supply chain complexity across major verticals from retail to manufacturing.
  With over 13,000 Oracle consultants worldwide, our practice offers deep sector
  knowledge, experience, and methods to drive future strategies and roadmaps with
  industry leaders.

  Our successful Oracle Fusion Supply Chain Management projects demonstrate
  our ability to leverage global capabilities to help organizations realize significant
  business benefits. Capgemini’s approach includes an accelerated delivery
  methodology, ROI analysis, business process management (BPM), business
  information management, change management, hosting, testing, and application
  maintenance, to name just a few.

  With more than 120,000 people in 40 countries, Capgemini is one of the world’s
  foremost providers of consulting, technology and outsourcing services. The
  Group reported 2011 global revenues of EUR 9.7 billion. Together with its clients,
  Capgemini creates and delivers business and technology solutions that fit
  their needs and drive the results they want. A deeply multicultural organization,
  Capgemini has developed its own way of working, the Collaborative Business
  ExperienceTM, and draws on Rightshore®, its worldwide delivery model.

  Contact info: For more information, please contact Mike Pearcy, Senior Manager,
  michael.pearcy@capgemini.com

  Or please visit: www.capgemini.com/oracle

  Rightshore™ is a trademark belonging to Capgemini

                                       Sponsored by:




                                     Conducted by:




                                             21
                               O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I

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From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment: Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail

  • 1. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail February 2013 Sponsored by: Conducted by: On behalf of: ® ®
  • 2. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Background Companies across all business sectors are facing a startling reality: How effectively they Order management and fulfillment has long manage their order management and fulfillment been considered one of the core competencies processes has a direct and immediate bearing of supply chain—and business—success. on the success—even survival—of their Today, maintaining a core competency in order business. And nowhere is this any more evident management and fulfillment is more important than in the most dynamic sectors driving our than ever. At the same time, it has become global economy: manufacturing, high-tech, and tougher than ever. The reasons are familiar to any retail. company operating in the global arena. Here are just a few: The Study • An explosion of order and delivery channels In a recent study conducted by Peerless • The complexity of global supply chains Research Group on behalf of Supply Chain • he rising expectations of customers and T Management Review and Logistics Management consumers for Oracle Corporation and Capgemini, 589 top supply chain executives in manufacturing, high- This story begins with a large, multinational tech and retail businesses around the globe give manufacturer faced with siloed back office a good sense of how well companies in these systems, multiple distribution centers, scores of key sectors are meeting the order fulfillment inventory locations and a diverse mix of suppliers. challenge—and where they need to improve They faced challenges around how to standardize their game. The research further reveals that business processes in order to gain visibility into order fulfillment processes are, in fact, becoming inventory levels and the order fulfillment process; more intricate and that inventory management build a more efficient supply chain; and ultimately, and delivery performance is slipping. The improve customer satisfaction in an increasingly consequences are steep. Customer satisfaction competitive environment. and retention are put at risk and businesses are forced to allocate additional spending on Their initial thought was to “rip and replace” their resources and labor to address the situation. existing legacy systems; however, this ambitious This, coupled with the rising price of raw choice would have been extremely time- materials and mounting transportation costs, are consuming, expensive, and disruptive, with value seen as a growing threat to the bottom line of only emerging at the very end of the process. businesses everywhere. They also considered integrating the systems, an effort that might address today’s problems but The following findings focus on the inventory lead them to the same situation down the road fulfillment strategies and constraints faced in when their business process changed again. The three specific industry sectors—manufacturing, company ultimately determined that they would high-tech and retail—and how these companies need the flexibility to change their business are doing in meeting these challenges. processes without the hassle of changing out all the systems in which they had invested during the last thirty years. Does this scenario sound familiar? 2 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 3. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Critical Issues and Challenges Related to Order Management and Fulfillment Businesses across the manufacturing, high-tech, and retail industry sectors face many of the same challenges in managing their supply chains. Companies across the board are in agreement that managing order management systems and fulfillment processes is becoming more multifaceted and, subsequently, complicated. All this is happening as order processing windows narrow and customer demands intensify. Complying with the heightened demands likely increases internal costs to meet these order fulfillment requirements. In particular, the complexity of order management systems, the ongoing challenge of keeping customers satisfied, adhering to delivery schedules, and combating rising costs related to order fulfillment are among the major issues companies now face in all three sectors studied. Even so, there were some nuances noted. For example, manufacturers appear somewhat less concerned than the others with regard to customer satisfaction issues and rising technology costs. Retailers, for their part, identified maintaining customer satisfaction as a top challenge but contend that holding to order promise dates is a lesser issue to them. Top inventory management challenges 44% Maintaining customer satisfaction 41% 48% 49% 42% Order management complexity 42% 39% 45% 39% Inaccurate order promise dates 42% 42% 29% 38% Escalating supply chain and IT costs 35% around order fulfillment 41% 45% 26% Inability to get a global view 27% of orders and inventory 29% 21% Total Manufacturing High-Tech Retail 3 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 4. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Contributing to the complexities of order management processes are the multiple, disparate order capture and fulfillment systems companies now operate. Roughly four out of five rely on several order capture mechanisms (79%), while more than two-thirds employ more than one order fulfillment system. In general, the companies in our study manage slightly more than three (3.1) order-taking channels such as e-commerce, call centers, and EDI. In addition, they have nearly three (2.7) systems for carrying out orders, which often includes ERP, WMS and order management applications. Survey data further reveals that larger companies, i.e., those with annual revenues of more than $500M have an even greater number of systems, with an average of 3.5 order capture systems and 3.3 fulfillment systems. Expediting fulfillment and shipping to meet order commitments is the primary factor contributing to order management expenses, as shown in the chart below. Adding resources to respond to shipping delays and taking on additional labor to handle order processing are other major expense factors. Factors that drive order fulfillment costs Rank Total Manufacturing High-Tech Retail Expedites to meet Expedites to meet Expedites to meet Expedites to meet 1 customer order dates customer order dates customer order dates customer order dates Shipping delays or Shipping delays or Number of staff Number of staff 2 transportation issues transportation issues required to manage required to manage order entry processes order entry processes Number of staff Number of staff Shipping delays or Shipping delays or 3 required to manage required to manage transportation issues transportation issues order entry processes order entry processes Meeting delivery timelines, flexibility in handling orders, and dealing with each customer’s unique set of order requirements are challenges that manufacturers and high-tech firms in particular are dealing with. Yet, retail businesses face very different issues than these other sectors when it comes to the ability to keep customers satisfied. While retailers also are challenged with hitting promised target dates, they are further tested with securing visibility into planned inventory and handling multiple order systems, as shown here: Challenges in maintaining customer satisfaction Rank Total Manufacturing High-Tech Retail Accurately promising Accurately promising Accurately promising Visibility to planned dates based on fulfill- dates based on fulfill- dates based on fulfill- inventories to commit 1 ment planning lead ment planning lead ment planning lead (internally and across times/estimates times/estimates times/estimates partners/supply base) Responding to Responding to Responding to Accurately promising changing customer changing customer changing customer dates based on fulfill- 2 order delivery order delivery order delivery ment planning lead expectations expectations expectations times/estimates Managing different Managing different Managing different Multiple order rules and order man- rules and order man- rules and order man- channels and 3 agement processes agement processes agement processes systems to manage for each customer for each customer for each customer 4 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 5. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Order Fulfillment in the Manufacturing Sector Challenges Costs related to order fulfillment appear to be escalating across the manufacturing sector. Transportation costs are the biggest driver of the increases, followed by the price of raw materials, labor-related costs, and the costs of manufacturing processes. Combined, these cost increases have hit the manufacturing industry hard. Costs associated with fulfillment 3% 3% 4% 5% 5% 12% 20% 29% 33% 50% 85% 77% 67% 62% 45% Transportation Raw materials Labor-related Manufacturing Warehousing Decreased Stayed the same Increased Many manufacturers we surveyed also have experienced a tighter order cycle as the time from order receipt to shipment out to customer has contracted (43%) or remained the same (29%). “In the upcoming years, technology will help us streamline processes such as order fulfillment, procurement strategies, and aggregation of demand in order to lower production costs/lead times. It will also enable greater logistics visibility to help reduce redundancy in trucking.” —Vice President, Sourcing; $500M - $1B in revenues 5 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 6. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Order Processing As we emphasized above, most manufacturers have customers that are ordering through multiple channels. Among those we surveyed, almost nine out of ten (86%) have customers that are using multiple channels. In fact, four out of ten manufacturers report that more than twenty-five percent of their clients utilize multiple order channels. And this trend is on the rise! Just under one-half (45%) say that the number of customers who use multiple sources has increased during the last year while others say the number has stayed the same (50%). Only 5% have seen a drop-off here. With so many customers using various purchase paths, the ability to capture purchase data and understand buying trends becomes increasingly challenging. From a reporting perspective, if information is siloed by channel it makes it that much more difficult to have a 360° customer view. This also underscores the importance of multi-channel consistency. Number of customers ordering from multiple channels during last 12 months Stayed the same 50% Increased 45% Decreased 5% “The adoption of new technologies could help in giving us a better picture of what types of orders are coming in, what our average order size is by volume and length, as well as streamlining our invoicing process. Currently, we do not have the ability to create one invoice for a customer that has placed multiple lines of shipping from different facilities.” — ­ Vice President, Supply Chain Operations; $100M 6 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 7. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Drop Shipping The majority of manufacturers (78%) drop ship their orders. Of these, more than one-fourth (27%) indicate that at least one out of every four orders is sent directly to the customer. The practice of drop shipping has been on the rise over the last few years. Most companies either continue to experience an increase or maintain a comparable level in dealing directly with the customer. With drop shipments becoming a more attractive option for manufacturers, operations will require greater integration of systems as well as transparency across vendors’ systems. The trend for drop shipping orders during last 2 years Stayed the same 55% Increased 35% Decreased 10% Value-added Offerings Interestingly, the manufacturers we surveyed are divided as to whether they currently offer value-added features or services such as warranties, or installation services, along with their sales. This is likely to change over the next few years as more manufacturers add, or consider adding, value-added features to their products. In fact, roughly one-half of those we surveyed expect to couple more services with their products in the next two years. It would seem that coupling services with hard goods presents a real opportunity and competitive differentiator for companies who choose to take this path. Offering value-added services with products 56% 30% Unsure 23% No 44% 47% Yes Now offer value-added features/ Plan to couple services with products value-added services/features 7 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 8. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Outsourcing Over the next few years, the outsourcing of transportation, production and warehousing is expected to rise. Just over one third of respondents expect to increase outsourcing of production and warehousing tasks, while 46 percent will subcontract more transportation and logistics activities. The survey indicates that change is inevitable. With one third of companies anticipating that their outsourcing business processes will increase, they will require systems that are flexible enough to manage this change. Outsourcing 4% 7% 7% 50% 57% 57% 46% 36% 35% Transportation Warehousing Production Decrease Stay the same Increase Corporate Mergers and Acquisitions Interestingly, roughly one-half of the companies we studied have either been acquired by or have purchased another company sometime within the last five years. Of those operations that have been involved in such transactions, key integrative activities have involved merged ERP backbones, cross- selling products across divisions or merging sales channels. With less than fifty percent of companies planning to cross sell their acquired products, there is significant opportunity for those who decide to do so. These companies could also benefit from increased levels of customer satisfaction that result from being able to order all items from a single channel. Key integration activities of merged companies Been acquired by or purchased another company 47% (Net) Merge into a single ERP system 50% Cross sell products across separate channels 44% Manage sales channels 40% Continue to run separate ERP instances 22% Other 3% Don’t know 10% 8 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 9. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Process Performance When asked to evaluate their own key order fulfillment processes, a majority of companies indicated that standardized fulfillment solutions operate efficiently. This suggests that multiple order taking and delivery modules can contribute to creating fulfillment systems that are more difficult to control. As previously noted, attaining visibility across partners is one area in need of improvement Rating the performance of order fulfillment processes “We are looking to 16% 24% 25% 32% 37% reduce disparate 33% systems with a 35% 37% centralized system, 37% 36% provide seamless 51% experience to the 41% 38% customer, and 31% 27% improve service levels.” ­—Director/Manager, Standardized Order monitoring Handling of Centralized 24x7 Supply visibility Supply Chain order fulfillment and exception complex, multi- order promising across external Operations; $2.5B+ management party orders partners Fair/Poor Good Excellent/Very good Priorities In the upcoming months, manufacturers are likely to focus on multiple aspects of their order management and fulfillment operations. Upgrading customer service, fulfilling more orders at a faster rate and doing it less “We are looking for expensively, increasing profits on a per-order basis, and improving the technology to provide accuracy of order promises are all top level priorities for most manufacturers. leverage in order fulfillment, better Fulfillment priorities for manufacturers and more accurate Improve customer service investment in assets, 66% and satisfaction levels higher customer Increase margins and satisfaction and 64% profitability per order possibly reduce Fulfill more orders, faster overall costs and and at lower costs 64% increase profitability per product.” Improve accuracy of order promises and status 62% ­—Director/Manager, Supply Chain Reduce IT costs and complexity Operations; $2.5B+ in order fulfillment processes 23% 9 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 10. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Order Fulfillment in the High-Tech Sector Challenges Order fulfillment costs for those respondents in the high-tech industry are on the rise for most key areas. The vast majority of companies are experiencing increased costs for transportation, raw materials and labor, while only a small percentage are seeing a drop in costs in any of these areas. Costs associated with fulfillment 2% 5% 5% 3% 22% 26% 30% 56% 76% 70% 65% 41% Transportation Raw materials Labor-related Warehousing Decreased Stayed the same Increased Another concern among high-tech businesses is the reduction in order cycle times. Comparable to the manufacturers studied, the period from receipt of an order to the outgoing shipment to the customer has contracted for nearly one out of every two businesses (46%) in our study. Collaborating on Forecasts Many high-tech companies collaborate with their partners on demand forecasting. More than half (53%) indicated that they work with at least 10% of their customers on estimating sales needs. However, the biggest forecasting challenge companies face is the accuracy of data used in the collaboration process, which further tests order planning and fulfillment capabilities. Other significant hurdles involve customers’ ability to make a firm commitment, timeliness of the information, and a lack of communication across functional areas. A possible reason for the problem of forecasting accuracy lies in the reliance on Sales for allocation. The prevalence of this practice should drive a significant effort among companies to track, evaluate and resolve those factors which are preventing timely commitment to the customer. 10 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 11. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Forecasting challenges 58% 52% 46% 43% 23% Accuracy of data Committing to Timeliness of data Communication Agreeing on the forecast among “one number” functional areas Allocation Strategies and Commitments Product allocation and distribution are often determined by several key factors and are largely driven by sales and cost. With the majority of companies relying on sales for allocation, it is critical that they have the proper tools in place to validate the accuracy of sales forecasts. The survey confirms that sales figures provide valuable customer insights that cannot be ignored. However, the survey also points out that, on average, high-tech companies are not meeting their allocation commitments 50% of the time. This contradiction suggests that these companies are not doing a good job of constraining their allocations against a realistic supply picture, nor are they holding themselves or their customers to their commitments. Two questions arise: 1) Do the manufacturers not believe the forecast and plan production to a different number? Or, 2) Are the customers ordering more than agreed? In either case, companies need tighter controls over this process from planning through execution. Factors used to determine allocation strategies Sales driven 69% Cost driven 52% Location driven 26% ABC classification 26% Percentage 18% Fair share allocation 17% 11 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 12. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail The high-tech companies surveyed certainly could improve meeting their allocation scheduling commitments. While slightly more than one out of two (57%) said that they meet their promised timeline all or most of the time, the remainder do not! Effectiveness in meeting allocation obligations 75%-100% of the time 57% Less than 75% of the time 43% In addition, almost one-half further contend that shipments are often delayed by a day or longer. These failures are likely attributed to using inaccurate or dated forecasting and planning information. Meeting shipping commitments On time 53% Delayed 1-2 days 30% Delayed 3-7 days 15% Delayed more than 7 days 2% Here, there is clearly an opportunity for competitive advantage for companies that can successfully implement collaborative forecast compliance programs and drive real improvement in this arena, from the planning through the execution of the orders. 12 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 13. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Corporate Mergers and Acquisitions One out of three high-tech companies surveyed have undergone a corporate shake-up in the last few years. And, much like the majority of manufacturers that have experienced a similar transition, integration of disparate ERP systems into a single platform has been a priority. However, only about a third of respondents (34%) plan to merge sales channels and only 19% plan to cross sell products. For a large number of high-tech companies in the survey, these decisions beg the question: What opportunities are they missing for better customer penetration, and what infrastructure could they put in place to better capture synergies from the merged companies? Key integration activities of merged companies Been acquired by or purchased another company 36% (Net) Merge into a single ERP system 56% Manage sales channels 34% Continue to run separate ERP instances 22% Cross sell products among 19% separate channels Other 9% Don’t know 5% Process Performance High-tech companies, similar to manufacturers, favorably rate their standardized order fulfillment practices as highly efficient. Their performance on centralized order fulfillment system uptime and supply chain visibility received relatively lower self-ratings. Rating the performance of order fulfillment processes 12% 17% 22% 35% 33% 33% 38% 36% 26% 37% 55% 45% 42% 39% 30% Standardized Order monitoring Handling of Centralized 24x7 Supply visibility order fulfillment and exception complex, multi- order promising across external management party orders partners Fair/Poor Good Excellent/Very good 13 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 14. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Priorities Integration, visibility and collaboration are the areas in which high-tech companies believe they need to upgrade. In the upcoming months, more than one-half of these high-tech operations will concentrate on improving margins, enhancing customer service, making order fulfillment more efficient, and improving the accuracy of order promising. With close to 70% of respondents looking to increase margins and profitability per order, companies have a real opportunity to introduce margin or profitability-based promising and order exception management into their business processes. Fulfillment priorities for high-tech companies Increase margins and profitability per order 69% Improve customer service and satisfaction levels 60% Fulfill more orders, faster and at lower costs 58% Improve accuracy of order promises and status 51% Reduce IT costs and complexity in order 29% fulfillment processes “We are looking to improve visibility all along the supply chain, thus removing any wastage or bottlenecks. This will ensure efficiency and effectiveness in the supply chain, thus meeting the expectation of increasing demand by knowledgeable customers who want their orders in the quickest manner at an optimized cost.” —Director/Manager of Supply Chain Operations; $500M - $1B 14 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 15. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Order Fulfillment in the Retail Sector Among the retailers surveyed, one out of four operates more than 500 stores while two out of four run 35 or fewer outlets. Also, half of the respondents operate one or two warehouses or distribution centers, while one third (31%) manage at least five such facilities. Fulfillment Services Nearly nine out of ten retailers report that they support more than one selling channel. In fact, retailers maintain roughly four different types of selling channels, on average. These channels include catalogs, websites, storefronts, call centers and telephone orders. For multi-channel orders, fulfillment is typically handled through distribution centers. Slightly over one third of respondents (38%) use their store inventory to fulfill orders. With leading retailers making headlines for their ship-from-store programs, a new bar is being set for inventory utilization in retail, but many retailers do not yet have the infrastructure in place to meet this challenge. Facilities used to fulfill orders 84% 43% 38% 36% Distribution centers 3rd party Stores Fulfillment centers Fulfillment for Online Orders For orders placed on-line and subsequently picked up at a store, the origin of the inventory is mixed. Most commonly, the merchandise is from an internal warehouse (30%) or from the store (21%). Interestingly, one-third of these retailers do not even offer an in-store pick up service. Retailers who do not leverage their store inventory to fulfill orders are at risk of losing customers to competitors. Therefore, the time is approaching for companies to re-evaluate their infrastructure, and consider investing in systems that offer the flexibility to pull from store inventory for fulfillment. 15 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 16. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Inventory sources for store pick up Offer store pick up for onliine orders 66% From an internal warehouse 30% From the store 21% 3rd party vendor 10% All of these sources 16% We do not offer store pickup for online orders 33% “I could see allowing Retailers are also equally divided on direct shipping policies; roughly one out customers to reserve select of every two ship directly from the store (48%) to customers while the others items in a store using a do not (52%). smartphone application that allows us to know Interestingly, only one out of four (27%) of the retail businesses we who they are and what questioned are either evaluating whether to ship customer orders directly they mean to us. This from the store or currently doing it offline. While 22% say they currently have the resources in place and embrace this strategy, others who are evaluating would require back room shipping directly from a store assert that challenges exist. Some claim that inventory, hence the select even though they are evaluating this option, they lack the necessary systems items. We can’t afford to to handle the task or are simply performing it manually, which most assuredly handle product multiple comes with further costs and risks. times. — ­ Vice President, Supply Chain Operations, $100M - $250M Status on shipping customer orders direct from a store We use this business model and have the software systems in 22% place to support it We are evaluating this but lack the systems to support shipments from 12% our stores We are currently doing this offline without the support of software 15% We are not evaluating this fulfillment option 51% 16 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 17. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Measuring Success Three out of every four retailers (78%) use a “same store sales” metric to evaluate a store’s measure of success. This metric, while common, does not take into consideration the multi-channel aspect of retailers. Given the “We are looking to move growth of multi-channel retail, perhaps it’s time for the industry to consider from an annual inventory new success metrics that incorporate the multi-channel aspect of their cycle to a perpetual business. inventory, implementing more cycle counts, etc. Additionally, we hope to Challenges have greater (and more Offering fulfillment options to customers across multiple channels is accurate) visibility of problematic for many retailers. These issues are primarily a result of retailers products throughout the just not having the technology capacity to handle multiple options. The supply chain (vendor, challenges typically revolve around insufficient inventory and warehouse management software capabilities, multi-channel systems integration issues, transit, DC and store).” transparency across inventory procedures, and a lack of internal aptitude. —Vice President, Supply Chain Operations, $1B - $2.5B Challenges in offering multi-channel fulfillment options We lack the software capabilities in our order management, store inventory management/point of sale, warehouse 38% management and other systems to handle multi-channel orders We lack the software integration needed 34% to fulfill orders across channels We lack the inventory visibility across stores, warehouses 29% and vendors in order to accurately promise orders We lack the skills and operational tools 22% in our stores to fulfill orders We do not have funding to rollout 17% a comprehensive multi-channel solution Other 2% Not applicable 34% 17 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 18. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Yet, for many of these retailers, fulfillment costs continue to climb. Costs associated with fulfillment Increased 78% Stayed the same 16% Decreased 6% In general, though, it’s all about long-range vision and customer service versus the immediate payback. Overwhelmingly, four out of five respondents to our survey profess that fulfilling orders according to customer requirements outweighs any efforts to cut costs. What’s more important? Fulfilling an order when a customer wants it 80% Decreasing the cost of fulfilling an order 20% 18 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 19. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Conclusion and Recommendations It was not a big surprise that this survey revealed the increasing complexity and costs associated with managing and fulfilling orders. The survey did, however, reveal several opportunities for companies in the manufacturing, high-tech and retail industries to embrace these changes and improve both their competitive positioning and their bottom lines. • anufacturers should consider following retailers in embracing the new multi-channel M reality by evaluating up-sell and cross-sell opportunities across product lines. They should also consider focusing on creating a consistent customer experience across all channels. Investing in a technology platform to help manage these changes will make it easier to adopt new business processes and create a single face to the customer. • igh-tech companies should collaborate, enforce, and measure their allocation commitments H with their key customers. To be most effective, these allocation strategies ought to be quickly constrained by supply and re-communicated to customers as required. As demonstrated in the survey, even if high-tech firms do a good job of planning their allocations, these commitments are not being enforced at the time of order execution. To address this situation, companies need to integrate their allocations into the promise dates that are provided to customers. If better decisions are to be made in the future, high-tech companies should measure their effectiveness in keeping these commitments and, on the flip side, have honest conversations when customers deviate from the agreed upon plan. • ulti-channel commerce is a reality that retailers must embrace. To make better use of their M assets, retailers should consider exploiting in-store inventories. Although the barriers to including in-store inventory for fulfillment may be high, the rewards will likely outweigh the costs in the long run. Finally, across all three industries, it is clear that customer service outweighs considerations of cost in order fulfillment decisions. However, the ability to consistently view margins in promising, fulfillment, and particularly expediting activities, could improve decision making without sacrificing service level agreements. It is worth exploring innovative technology solutions available today that can address these issues and drastically improve an organization’s order orchestration and fulfillment practices. Returning to the story of the large, multinational manufacturer, this company found a solution to design and implement a new, integrated, end-to-end business process without re- implementing non-value added functionality. They inserted applications that could co-exist with their existing legacy systems to create a new standardized process, across all sites. By leveraging systems that separate the master data, business rules, and business process from the physical integrations, they now have a platform for the future which delivers immediate benefits, including: • Greater transparency and a single source of inventory information • Reduced cycle times for proposals, orders and fulfillment • mproved ability to address complex customer needs more quickly and with fewer data I errors. In addition, standardizing business processes across all sites creates the ability to capture best practices for further improvement and efficiency; furthermore, the threats of volatility and change in the marketplace are mitigated by the existence of an agile and scalable supply chain platform. 19 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 20. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Methodology This research was conducted by Peerless Research Group on behalf of Supply Chain Management Review and Logistics Management magazines for Oracle and Capgemini, leading providers of supply chain software solutions and consulting services. This study was executed in December, 2012, and was administered over the Internet among subscribers to Supply Chain Management Review and Logistics Management magazines and enewsletters. The survey was also sent to a small sample of names provided by Oracle. The findings are based on information collected among 589 top supply chain executives. All respondents were pre-qualified for being involved in decisions as they relate to supply chain order fulfillment and order management solutions for either their company or for others. Respondents were further qualified and segmented into one of three industry categories: Manufacturing (355 respondents), High-Tech (101) and Retail (133). Overall, respondents are predominantly upper level executive management and included job titles such as President/CEO/Owner (15%), VP/Director/Manager of Supply Chain Operations (25%), and Director/Manager of Distribution and Logistics (21%). Companies of all sizes are also well-represented in the findings; results are further based on businesses located across the globe and encompasses North America (77%), Asia Pacific (16%) Latin America (10%), and Europe (10%). About Oracle Oracle is a leading provider of supply chain solutions across all industries. Oracle Supply Chain Management, the most complete supply chain solution, is comprised of: order orchestration and fulfillment, value chain planning, value chain execution, product lifecycle management, advanced procurement, manufacturing and asset lifecycle management. Customers can choose to adopt individual applications or the entire suite. This allows organizations to create a flexible path to value chain transformation. In the area of order orchestration and fulfillment, Oracle has developed Oracle Fusion Distributed Order Orchestration (DOO), a transformational solution designed to address the increasingly complex world of order management and fulfillment. Oracle Fusion DOO works with existing order capture and fulfillment systems to create a centralized view of all orders, enables order management personnel to define and apply enterprise-wide order orchestration rules and processes, and allows delays and other problems to be quickly identified and rectified via jeopardy alerts. Oracle Fusion Global Order Promising (GOP), an optional component of Oracle Fusion DOO, allows users to make optimal product availability commitments, and take advantage of all available supply with order promising. In doing so, Oracle Fusion DOO and Oracle Fusion GOP enable manufacturing, high tech, and retail organizations to streamline order management processes for lower costs, higher margins and improved customer service. 20 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I
  • 21. From Customer Orders Through Fulfillment Challenges and Opportunities in Manufacturing, High-Tech and Retail Contact info: For more information, please contact Brad Kerr, Senior Director, Application Business Group, brad.kerr@oracle.com Or please visit: www.oracle.com/goto/scm http://www.oracle.com/us/products/applications/fusion/supply-chain-management/ distributed-order-orchestration/overview/index.html About Capgemini Capgemini, in partnership with Oracle, offers customer-centric solutions to help manage supply chain complexity across major verticals from retail to manufacturing. With over 13,000 Oracle consultants worldwide, our practice offers deep sector knowledge, experience, and methods to drive future strategies and roadmaps with industry leaders. Our successful Oracle Fusion Supply Chain Management projects demonstrate our ability to leverage global capabilities to help organizations realize significant business benefits. Capgemini’s approach includes an accelerated delivery methodology, ROI analysis, business process management (BPM), business information management, change management, hosting, testing, and application maintenance, to name just a few. With more than 120,000 people in 40 countries, Capgemini is one of the world’s foremost providers of consulting, technology and outsourcing services. The Group reported 2011 global revenues of EUR 9.7 billion. Together with its clients, Capgemini creates and delivers business and technology solutions that fit their needs and drive the results they want. A deeply multicultural organization, Capgemini has developed its own way of working, the Collaborative Business ExperienceTM, and draws on Rightshore®, its worldwide delivery model. Contact info: For more information, please contact Mike Pearcy, Senior Manager, michael.pearcy@capgemini.com Or please visit: www.capgemini.com/oracle Rightshore™ is a trademark belonging to Capgemini Sponsored by: Conducted by: 21 O R A C LE A N D C A P G EM I N I