Presentation by Andrea Charlson and Andrew Dunwoody, HS2 Ltd at Circular Economy Thinking in Construction seminar, London 20 January 2017. More information: http://www.greenconstructionboard.org/index.php/2012-09-05-09-17-39/item/2372-circular-economy-thinking-cethinking-challenges-and-opportunities-for-the-construction-sector
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HS2 - evolving thinking on applying circular economy thinking in an infrastructure project
1. www.gov.uk/hs2
Applying circular economy thinking
in an infrastructure project
Andrea Charlson & Andrew Dunwoody
HS2 Ltd
CIRCULAR ECONOMYTHINKING in CONSTRUCTION
20th January 2017
3. HS2: a strategic transformation
Phase One
Stations:
London Euston
Old Oak Common
Interchange
BirminghamCurzon Street
PhaseTwo
Stations:
East Midlands Hub
Leeds
Manchester Piccadilly
Manchester Airport
5. Phase One Construction Statistics
230km
ROUTE LENGTH
74km
CUTTINGS
46km
TUNNELS
128 mt
EXCAVATED MATERIAL
(90% TO BE RE USED)
145
STRUCTURES
OVER BRIDGES
31
MAIN COMPOUNDS FOR
CONSTRUCTION
152
STRUCTURES UNDER BRIDGES
299
SATELLITECOMPOUNDS
10. โข Reduced virgin non-
renewable material
use
โข Reduced waste
โข Reduced carbon
emissions
โข Reduced potable
water use
โข Reduced
environmental
contamination
11. โข Lower capital cost
โข Lower operational
costs
โข Increased whole life
value
โข Reduced risk from
future legislation, taxes
and price rises
12. โข an avenue to resilient
growth for the UK
โข improved health (of supply
chain workforce and
general public)
โข new job opportunities
throughout the supply
chain
15. Keep resources
in use for as long
as possible
Keep resources at their
highest utility and value
at all times
Recover and
regenerate
resources at the
end of each use
Resource
efficiency
16. Keep resources
in use for as
long as possible
Recover and
regenerate
resources
Keep resources
at their highest
utility and value
Use resources
efficiently
Demolition and
site clearance
Civil structures
Railway systems
Stations
Rolling stock
17. Keep resources
in use for as
long as possible
Recover and
regenerate
resources
Keep resources
at their highest
utility and value
Use resources
efficiently
Demolition and
site clearance
Pre-demolition
audits
Maximise reuse
Civil structures Remote monitoring Material passports
Design for
maintenance
Use reclaimed
materials
Railway systems
Preventative
maintenance
Design for
disassembly
Take back &
remanufacture
Stations Design for durability
Design for
deconstruction
Design for
adaptability
Structural
optimisation
Rolling stock
Avoid premature
obsolescence
Recyclable Cascade Energy efficiency
18. โข Image of excavated material or manufacturing
Maximising value of surplus excavated material
20. โข Facilitate the reuse of waste generated by the HS2
programme during demolition and construction, within the
programme or on other local projects
Recover and regenerate resourcesUtilising at highest utility
21. โข Procuring lighting as a service
Recover and regenerate resourcesEfficiency and recovery
22. Design for reuse
Identify if
asset/element
should be designed
for reuse
Develop design for
deconstruction plan
Provide as-built
inventory
Yes No
Facilitating recovery of materials in assetsRecovery of materials in assets
Over the past year our approach to materials and waste in HS2 has become more and more integrated as we have started to explore what the circular economy might mean for the project.
And thatโs why today you have 2 for the price of one, I am Waste and Materials recovery manager and Andrea is Sustainable Materials Manager and we want to share with you today where we have got to in this exploration and where it ight be taking us too.
But first a brief overview of the project so everyone is on the same pageโฆ
As Iโm sure you are all aware, HS2 is a new dedicated high speed rail line.
Initially connecting Birmingham and London,
But subsequently on to Manchester in the West and Leeds in the East.
Onward services will also connect to many more locations on the existing network.
And the reason we are doing this is to enhance both capacity and connectivity.
When Phase One between Birmingham and London opens, there will be up to 10 trains per hour in each direction - each carrying as many as 1,100 passengers, and when Phase 2 is operational there will be up to 18 trains per hour.
To give you a feel of the scale of the project:
The Phase One route length is 230km
46km of this is in tunnels; and
there are around 300 bridges
This does not include phases 2a or 2b which brings the total route length up to around 580 km.
And hereโs our timeline
Weโre expecting Royal Assent for Phase One any day now. This marks a significant milestone for us are we move from planning to construction.
Full Phase Two royal assent will follow in 2022.
By 2033 the whole Y shape network will be operational.
But itโs not just what we build, but how we deliver it that will define our success
That is why we have a culture based around four values of safety, integrity, respect and leadership
Which describe the way we behave.
And three ways of doing things; sustainability, collaboration and innovation
Throughout everything we do, we are working towards delivering our strategic goals, shown here.
These goals are how we will evaluate our performance.
We cannot meet all these goals by doing what has been done before.
And we think that adopting circular economy principles could play a significant role in helping us do this.
Any why do we think that?
Because there is a strong correlation between our strategic goals and circular economy principlesโฆ
There are the obvious environmental benefits.
And there is evidence that is should help us deliver value on the project
But it actually touches on the majorty of our strategic goals.
So while we had a strong environment team and sustainability policy, we didnโt want to miss out on the potential benefits that the circular economy might bring to the project, so we set out on a journey to explore what it might mean, how aligned our current policies and requirement were and what more we could do.
(And now Iโll hand over to Andrea to share how we have done thatโฆ)
We decided that the first thing we needed was more of a definition of what we meant by circular economy. As Iโm sure you are aware there and many definitins out there and while its not always necessary to clarify these things, we felt to facilitate internal and external discussions it was important to be able to articulate the concept.
So after looking at a wide range of definitions from other parties, we decided to use the Ellen MacArthur Foundationโs definition as a starting point, and so for the purposes of our project, a circular economy is one in which we:
keep resources in use for as long as possible,
recover and regenerate resources at the end of each use,
and keep resources at their highest utility and value at all times.
These three outcomes are underpinned by an over-arching objective to use resources efficiently.
And currently we are thinking of resources in terms of materials, water and energy/carbon.
The next step was taking this definition and starting to explore what this meant for the project.
So with the help of Jo, from Useful Projects who is here today, we explored which of these principles were most relevant to different parts of the project.
For example Recovering resources is a really key priority when we are looking at demolition and site clearance activities, but for the civil strictures, longevity is of paramount importance and then for shorter life elements such as the railway systems, being able to keep resources at the highest value is relevant.
And we also explored what actions or activities could contribute to achieving the principles in each of these areas of our programme.
These are only indicative and many of these activities are applicable across a range of asset types.
And then we assessed how aligned our existing policies, processes and requirements were to supporting implementing these policies and what further opportunities there are.
And Iโm going to use the time we have left to share some examples of both what we are already doing and further opportunities.
One area where we have tried to be proactive is around looking for opportunities to maximise the reuse and value associated with materials we will be generating.
The first example is looking at our surplus excavated materials.
As well as trying to identify other projects that may require the materials, such as flood defence projects with the Environment Agency, we have also been exploring the possibility of providing these materials as input to manufacturing processes.
After getting some initial market engagement conducted through the Construction Products Association, we are now in the process of providing samples to manufacturers for testing.
Another material stream we are trying to maximise the value of is felled timber.
Instead of being chipped for reuse, we are commissioning woodland valuation surveys and have written guidance (with the help of Charlie Law who I think is also here) to our contractors of how to maximise the value, whether this is through provision to a local community of through commercial agreements with timber merchants.
As you would expect, we have waste generation and landfill diversion targets and we are also requiring pre-demolition audits.
But we are also conduction salvage audits for all buildings requiring to identify items of reuse or heritage value.
An area of further opportunity is around facilitating greater reuse,
whether thatโs of demolition material, surplus materials, plant or other equipment, either within the project or externally.
Perhaps this could be through specialist reuse contractors similar to the Olympics or through new digital systems and platforms.
Looking at the stations, we have requirements for zero operational carbon and there could be innovative circular approaches to achieving this through procuring lighting rather than lights, on a performance-related service model, which could also have material benefits in terms of take back and remanufacturing of the fixtures.
There could be other packages which may provide both cost and environmental benefits if procured differently, perhaps the provision of energy, or even the provision of washroom facilities!
Looking towards the end of life of our assets, to assist in enabling the recovery of materials, our stations, depots and other railway buildings will have design for deconstruction plans.
And other assets will have as-built materials inventories, containing material quantities, specifications, warranties, details of the manufacturers, design and/or service life
Not only will this assist in maintenance, hopefully this should help n identify the future recovery potential of the assets if and when they are no longer required.
The intention is that this information will all be stored in BIM but there are definitely opportunities to integrate this further and explore how this links with the idea of materials passports.
During operation will be have large areas of landscaping, we plan to look into the potential for the maintenance of these areas to be productive in terms of biomass generation as opposed to a cost burden to maintain.
And finally, we have discussed what the circular economy might mean for properties that we need to purchase as part of the scheme, that these provide any societal function whilst in our ownership?
So thatโs a snapshot of where we are on our journey to exploring what the circular economy means for a large infrastructure project.
These key principles are relevant to everything we and our supply chain do. Delivering them will require consideration throughout design, procurement, construction and operation. It could require alternative approaches to design or procurement and the adoption of innovative products, processes or technologies.
As we move from planning to construction we will of course keep looking for and exploring opportunities
But we will not be able to achieve this alone, as we start to hand over the baton to our supply chain and hope that together we can find solutions that respond to these principles and help us realise the benefits.
I hope you have found that an interesting overview.
For those that see yourselves as part of the hs2 supply chain, there are three things I ask you to do today;
1. View our supply chain resources in the โbusinessโ section of our website, such as the Supplier Guide and FAQs
2. Access our business resources by registering as an interested supplier
3. Send us your questions by e-mailing our Supply Chain Team.