5. 何謂開放
開放知識意味著任何人都能夠自由取用、使用、
修改與分享,在保持知識原始來源和持續開放
的前提下(free to access, use, modify, and share it — subject,
at most, to measures that preserve provenance and openness.)
開放作品(Open Work)必須滿足下列條件
Open License, Open Access, Machine Readability,
Open Format
Open License:
Required Permission: free use, redistribution,
modification, separation, compilation, non-discrimination,
propagation, application to any purpose, no charge
Acceptable condition: attribution, integrity, share-alike,
notice, source, technical restriction prohibition, non-
aggression 5
31. 最佳實務 – 如何引用資料集與撰
寫資料取用聲明
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Ball, A., & Duke, M. (2015). How to Cite Datasets and Link to
Publications. DCC How-to Guides. Edinburgh: Digital Curation
Centre. Retrieved from http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/how-guides.
53. 標準授權
創用CC (Creative Commons)
CC BY, CC-BY-SA, CC BY-ND, CC-BY-NC,
CC BY-NC-SA, CC BY-NC-ND
Open Data Commons (ODC)
Open/Non-Commercial Government License
(OGL)
Public Domain
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54. 最佳實務 – 資料長期儲存
54
Whyte, A. (2015). ‘Where to keep research data:
DCC checklist for evaluating data repositories’ v.1 Edinburgh: Digital
Curation Centre. Retrieved from www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/how-guides
62. Data Management Plan (DMP)
一份描述如何在研究專案執行過程中及結束後
管理與處理研究資料的文件
資料管理計畫的主要內容
行政管理相關資料
資料類型、格式、標準、獲取方法
倫理與智慧財產權
資料取用、分享、再利用
短期儲存與資料管理
存放與長期保存
責任與資源
Checklist for a Data Management Plan
Data Management Plan Examples
62
80. 開放科學
科學研究的重要特性:透明、開放、可重現
TOP Guidelines (The Transparency and
Openness Promotion Guidelines)
獎勵研究者花在開放實踐上的努力:citation
standards, replication standards
描述在科學研究程序中開放的定義,以利研究的重
現與評估:design and analysis transparency,
research and analysis transparency, data sharing
standards, analytic methods standards
事先登錄:pre-registration of studies, pre-
registration of analysis plans
80