15. THINKING CRITICALLY M. domestica C. lupus F. domesticus Species Musca Canis Felis Genus Muscidae Canidae Felidae Family Diptera Carnivora Carnivora Order Insecta Mammalia Mammalia Class Arthropoda Chordata Chordata Phylum Animalia Animalia Animalia Kingdom Fly Wolf Cat Organism
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Editor's Notes
There is a student study guide sheet that goes with this Powerpoint lesson for TEKS Biology.
In the United Kingdom, the word buzzard refers to a hawk, whereas in many parts of the United States, buzzard refers to a vulture.
Ask students: What characteristics do these organisms have that might lead scientists to group them together? What differences do they have that distinguish one from the other?
What is this first organism? How does this second organism relate to the first? And the third? And the fourth? All of these organisms are known as birds. When we hear the word bird, we immediately form a mental picture in our minds of what birds look like.
Think of all the different types of music there is. What if you wanted to buy a new CD at the store? How do you go about finding the CD? When you grocery shop? How do you know where to look for Lucky Charms cereal? At school, what are some ways that we classify students? Think of how much more difficult our lives would be without the alphabet, without numbers, without the Dewey decimal system, without a phonebook.
Botanists study plants.
Ask students to notice how both words appear: in italics or they may both be underlined.
You may want to have students draw a pyramid and draw 6 horizontal lines across to divide the pyramid up into 7 sections. Then have the students list the 7 taxonomic categories from bottom to top, starting with Kingdom at the bottom in the widest section and ending with species at the top in the smallest section.
You may want to have students draw a pyramid and draw 6 horizontal lines across to divide the pyramid up into 7 sections. Then have the students list the 7 taxonomic categories from bottom to top, starting with Kingdom at the bottom in the widest section and ending with species at the top in the smallest section.
The shared genus name Ursus indicates that the grizzly bear and polar bear are more closely related. The panda bear is a little more distantly related because it does not belong to the same genus as the other two. Pandas were believed to be a type of raccoon and only in the 20th century did genetic testing reveal that they are in fact bears. They are in a subfamily Ailurinae of the family Ursidae; all other bears are in the subfamily Ursinae. Aliuropoda melanoleuca means “black and white cat-foot”.
Have students study this chart. The next slide lists three questions to answer using this chart. You may have to advance to the next slide, let students read the question and then come back to the chart so they can find the answer.
A phylogenetic tree is a specific type of cladogram where the branch lengths are proportional to the predicted or hypothetical evolutionary time between organisms or sequences. Cladograms are branched diagrams, similar in appearance to family trees, that illustrate patterns of relatedness where the branch lengths are not necessarily proportional to the evolutionary time between related organisms or sequences.
![DEFINE TAXONOMY ,[object Object],TURKEY VULTURE (Cathartes aura)](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)