BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT ANCIENT EGYPT

1. ANCIENT EGYPT

2. GEOGRAPHY OF THE
NILE

3. SOME FACTS ABOUT THE NILE RIVER
The Nile is the longest river in
the world.
It flows all through Egypt,
from south to north.
Reeds called papyrus grew
along the river. Paper was
made from papyrus. Boats
were made from it, too.

4. SOME FACTS ABOUT THE NILE RIVER
People called the river "Ar."
That meant "black."
Cities were built near the river.
The river gave the people
water to drink. It gave them
food. They bathed in it. Life in
ancient Egypt depended on the
Nile River.

5. SOME FACTS ABOUT THE NILE RIVER
The river flooded every
year. The flood spread
rich, black, fertile mud on
the land along the river. It
gave them food. People
could grow crops in the
rich soil. Egyptians called
their land Kemet (the
black land)

6. HOW DID THE DESERT PROTECT EGYPT
AND NUBIA FROM FOREIGN ATTACKS??
The hot sands shielded
Egypt and Nubia from
foreign attacks. Over a
period of 2,000 years,
Egypt and Nubia faced
few invasions.

7. RULERS OF EGYPT

8. WHAT IS A DYNASTY?
A DYNASTY IS A SERIES
OF RULERS FROM THE
SAME FAMILY OR
ETHNIC GROUP. EGYPT
HAD 31 DYNASTIES.
HISTORIANS GROUP
THE DYNASTIES INTO 3
MAJOR TIME PERIODS:
OLD KINGDOM
MIDDLE KINGDOM
NEW KINGDOM

9. MAJOR TIME PERIODS IN EGYPT

10. OLD KINGDOM DURING THE OLD
KINGDOM THE
GREAT PYRAMID
AND THE SPHINX
ARE BUILT

11. MIDDLE KINGDOM DURING THE MIDDLE
KINGDOM ORDER WAS
RESTORED AND THE
COUNTRY WAS
REUNITED. PHARAOHS
SPENT MONEY ON
CONSTRUCTION AND
IRRIGATION PROJECTS

12. NEW KINGDOM DURING THE NEW
KINGDOM FOREIGN
INVADERS WERE FORCED
OUT OF EGYPT.
PHARAOHS WANTED TO
BUILD AN EMPIRE. THEY
CREATED HUGE ARMIES
OF FOOT SOLDIERS

13. WHAT WAS A PHARAOH?
A PHARAOH
HAD ABSOLUTE
POWER OR
COMPLETE
CONTROL OVER
THEIR PEOPLE.
WHATEVER THE
PHARAOH
DECIDED
BECAME LAW.

14. WHO WAS KING TUT? KING TUT BECAME RULER
OF EGYPT WHILE HE WAS
STILL A CHILD. AT ABOUT
AGE 18 HE DIED AND WAS
BURIED WITH MANY
PRECIOUS OBJECTS. HIS
TOMB WAS DISCOVERED IN
1922. HIS FUNERAL
TREASURES HAVE TAUGHT
A GREAT DEAL ABOUT
EGYPT.

15. WHO WAS HATSHEPSUT? SHE WAS A BOLD LEADER
WHO IS MOST KNOWN
FOR CREATING A TIME OF
GREAT PEACE AND
ECONOMIC SUCCESS.
SHE ENCOURAGED
TRADE WITH FARAWAY
PLACES, SENDING A
FAMOUS EXPEDITION TO
THE LAND OF PUNT.

16. WHO WAS THUTMOSE III?
HE BECAME ONE OF THE
GREATEST PHARAOHS OF
THE NEW KINGDOM. HE LED
HIS ARMY IN WARS AGAINST
SYRIA AND PHOENICIA. HE
ASSUMED THE THRONE
AFTER THE DEATH OF HIS
STEPMOTHER, HATSHEPSUT

17. WHAT WAS EGYPTIAN RELIGION LIKE?
THE EGYPTIANS BELIEVED IN AN
AFTERLIFE. THEY SAID PRAYERS
DURING THE FUNERAL. RELIGION
WAS AN IMPORTANT PART OF
DAILY LIFE IN ANCIENT EGYPT.
THE EGYPTIANS BELIEVED THAT
THEIR GODS AND GODDESSES
CONTROLLED THE WORKINGS OF
NATURE. THEY BUILT TEMPLES TO
HONOR THEIR GODS, AND
OFFERED THEM FOOD, GIFTS,
AND PRAYERS

18. EGYPTIAN RELIGION THE CHIEF GOD OF THE
EGYPTIANS WAS AMON-RA.
HE PROTECTED THE
RICH AND THE POOR
ALIKE. EGYPTIANS
BELIEVED HE WAS BORN
EACH MORNING WITH
THE SUNRISE AND DIED
IN THE WEST WITH THE
SETTING SUN.

19. EGYPTIAN GODS AND
GODDESSES
HORUS: THE SKY GOD AND
GOD OF KINGSHIP
OSIRIS: THE GOD OF THE
AFTERLIFE
ISIS: THE GODDESS WOMEN
THOTH: THE GOD OF
WISDOM AND WRITING
AMON-RE:THE SUN GOD
AND GOD OF CREATION

20. PREPARING THE DEAD EGYPTIANS PRACTICE
MUMMIFICATION, ARTIFICIALLY
PRESERVING THE BODIES
BEFORE BURIAL. THIS WAS
EXPENSIVE AND TOOK TWO OR
THREE MONTHS. WORKERS
REMOVED THE ORGANS AND
FILLED THE BODY WITH SALT
AND STORED IT FOR 40 DAYS
UNTIL THE BODY WAS
COMPLETELY DRIED OUT THEN
IT WAS PREPARED FOR BURIAL.

21. ANCIENT EGYPTIAN CULTURE
EGYPTIANS SOCIETY
LOOKED LIKE A PYRAMID.
AT THE TOP WAS
PHARAOH THEN A SMALL
UPPER CLASS, NEXT
LEVEL WAS THE MIDDLE
CLASS. THE LARGEST
CLASS WAS PEASANTS,
WHO MOSTLY DID THE
FARM WORK. PRISONERS
CAPTURED IN WAR-WERE
MADE SLAVES

22. WHAT WAS THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN WRITING
SYSTEM CALLED?
THE EGYPTIANS BEGAN
TO USE HIEROGLYPHS
BECAUSE THEY NEEDED A
WAY TO KEEP TRACK OF
THE KINGDOM’S GROWING
WEALTH

23. WHAT WAS THE ROSETTA STONE USED FOR?
THE ROSETTA STONE WAS
USED TO UNDERSTAND
THE HIEROGLYPHS USED
BY THE EGYPTIANS

24. QUESTIONS FOR YOU
NAME THREE FACTS ABOUT THE NILE RIVER
WHAT IS A DYNASTY?
WHAT ARE THE THREE MAJOR TIME PERIODS OF EGYPT?
WHAT WAS A PHARAOH?
WHO WAS KING TUT?

25. QUESTIONS FOR YOU
WHO WAS HATSHEPSUT?
WHAT IS A DYNASTY?
WHAT WERE HIEROGLYPHS ?
WHAT WAS THE ROSETTA STONE?