23 25 jan 2013 csisa kathmandu agro-advisory services surabhi
23 25 jan 2013 csisa kathmandu gender kamala
1. Changing Roles of Women in the Agriculture
Sector in South Asia:
Challenges and Opportunities
Kamala Gurung, Ph.D.
CSISA-Phase II
Objective-1 Preparation Meeting
January 23 to 25, 2013
2. Population Structure in Asia, 1970-2050
80+
75-79 Male Female Male Female
Male Female
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
20 10 0 10 20 15 5 5 15 15 5 5 15
1970 2010 2050
Source: Bhandari, 2012
3. Age of farm household in Bangladesh
Indicators 1988 2000 2010
Age of HH head farmer (yr) 44 47 52
Age of farming population (yr) 38 42 46
Source: Panel data, VDSA-IRRI project
9. Labor allocation: Person-days/acre used in rice
cultivation
Bangladesh India Nepal
Farm HHs classification
Dinajpur Bihar Chitwan
Small 42.4 55.1 78.0
Medium 46.0 20.0 67.2
Large 47.0 11.1 65.0
Source: Baseline survey, CSISA-Phase I
10. Bangladesh, Aman/wet season, 2008 (n=487)
Rice activity
Family Hired
Total
Labor allocation
Male Female Male Female
Land preparation 7.4 0.1 5.7 0.1 13.3 for rice by
Crop establishment
Crop care
5.6
13
0.4
1
18.8
15.8
2.5
7.6
27.3
37.4
gender (days/ha)
Harvesting 5.8 0.7 17.4 0.4 24.3
Post-harvest 7.3 10.4 4.7 1.9 24.3
All Activities 39.1 12.6 62.4 12.5 126.6
Assam, India, Kharif season, 2008 (n=200)
Family Hired
Rice activity Total
Male Female Male Female
Land preparation 8.4 0 5.5 0 13.9
Crop establishment 0 9.3 0.1 6.8 16.2
Crop care 10.1 0 0.3 0 10.4
Source: Data from SSD-IRRI , 2008
Harvesting 0.1 9.4 0 7.6 17.1
Post-harvest 8.4 8.2 4.2 1.1 21.9
All Activities 27 26.9 10.1 15.5 79.5
Nepal, Wet season, 2008 (n=257)
Family Hired
Total
Male Female Male Female
Land preparation 12.7 4 12.1 2.3 31.1
Crop establishment 6.6 15.4 4.7 13.7 40.4
Crop care 17.7 23.2 7.3 15,0 63.2
Harvesting 7.8 12.5 4.8 8.7 33.8
Post-harvest 12.5 11.2 13.6 7.8 45.1
All Activities 57.3 66.3 42.5 32.5 213.6
11. Future Outlook and Direction
• Aging farmers and labor scarcity
• Increasing roles of women in agriculture sector
• Innovative approach to work and reach with the women
farmers
• Labor saving technology demand: mechanization and
other RCT technologies
• Mechanization and other RCT technologies must be
women and smallholders friendly technologies
• Mechanization intervention and investment must address
apart from present emphasis on mainly land preparation
13. Result of Gender Integration in CSISA-BD
Research and innovation process Delivery of technologies and Planning and Management Unit
(e.g. Adaptive research trials) services (planning, M & E)
Access to and benefit from the Targeting number of
Involvement of rice related intervention/activities (e.g. women/men during the planning
men and women farmers in technologies, trainings, field days) process
the on-farm research
innovation process Result based output: Status:
Result based output: •Women participation is higher in farmer Developed “action planning format “ by
Gender and socio-economic training than field days/cross visit, targeting gender disaggregation
analysis and integration participatory demonstration
almost silent and invisible
Gender disaggregation in
•Very minimal participation of women in Monitoring and Evaluation framework
Improved cropping system Training/workshop for partner organizations
Rice-legumes/oil seed-rice (NGOs, Gos) Status:
Selective women headed HHs • 50 % women participated in post-harvest
Looking forward for your suggestions and advice!
related interventions/activities
“performance measurement format” by
gender disaggregation (Monitoring system)
• Common agro/socio-eco
information sheet of three CG
centers
•Rapid performance survey/Exit •Baseline survey
•Register information sheet
survey (individual center) •Planning format
Group approach initiatives •Progress report format
Individual: Infolady model
