2. At the end of this session the participants
should be able to conceptualize:
1. health in its physical, mental, social and
spiritual context;
2. environment to be an important factor in the
interaction of agent and host in the
epidemiological or ecological triad;
3. the physical, biological and psychosocial
environment and understand their impact on
health.

3. “Healthy people are those who
live in healthy homes on a
healthy diet; in an environment
equally fit for birth, growth,
work, healing, and dying...
Healthy people need no
bureaucratic interference to
mate, give birth, share the
human condition, and die.”
-Ivan Illich

4. It is a state of complete
physical, mental and
social well-being and
not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity.

5. It is a condition under
which the individual is
able to mobilize all his
resources, intellect,
emotional and physicalfor optimum living.

6. This concept recognizes the
strength of social, economic,
political and environmental
influences on health.

7. Heredity
Welfare services
Environment
Socio-economic conditions
Health and family
Life-style

8. Disease is a result from complex
interaction between man, an agent
and the environment.
From ecological point of view,
disease is defined as
“maladjustment of the human
organism to the environment”.

9. Environment
Vector
Agent
Host

10. Environment
(Physical, biological and psychosocial)
Human activities
individual
health of

11. All of the external factors affecting an
organism. These factors may be other
living organisms (biotic factors) or
nonliving variables (abiotic factors),
such as temperature, rainfall, day
length, wind, and ocean currents.
The interactions of organisms with biotic
and abiotic factors form an ecosystem.

12. Macro-environment or the external
environment
-is said to be responsible for millions of
preventable diseases originating in it.
Micro-environment
-is the Domestic environment in which man lives.
Internal environment
-is some time used for the environment inside the
body

13. PHYSICAL:
air, water, soil, housing, climate, geography, heat, light,
noise, debris, radiation, etc.
BIOLOGICAL:
man, viruses, microbial agents, insects, rodents,
animals and plants, etc.
PSYCHOSOCIAL:
cultural values, customs, beliefs, habits, attitudes,
morals, religion, education, lifestyles, community
life, health services, social and political organization.

14. The environment is all external
conditions, circumstances, and
influences surrounding and
affecting the growth and
development of an organism or
community of organisms.
Environmental health is the
study and management of
environmental conditions that
affect the health and well-being of

19. These are living
organisms or their
products that are
harmful to
humans.

20. -are diseases that are transmitted in
drinking water
-these disease
organisms are shed into
the water in feces, and
can produce illness in
those who consume
untreated, contaminated
water.
-Our municipal water treatment
facilities are usually able to
purify water by removing these
agents or killing them by
disinfecting the water.

25. -are diseases transmitted in or on food
-to protect against food-borne diseases,
sanitarians from local health
departments routinely inspect food
service establishments (restaurants)
and retail food outlets (supermarkets)
to verify that food is being stored and
handled properly.

26. bacteria Salmonella
serotype enteritidis
Escherichia coli 0157:H7

27. -are those transmitted by insects or
other arthropods
-improper environmental management
can cause vector-borne disease
outbreaks.

28. St. Louis encephalitis
La Crosse encephalitis
They are transmitted by mosquitoes and
plague and urine typhus transmitted by
fleas.

30. It is a result from
mismanagement or
misuse of chemicals
resulting in an
unacceptable risk to
human health.

31. -that have been manufactured for the
purpose of reducing populations of
undesirable organisms (pests)
-most pesticides kill non-target
organisms as well as the target, or
pest species.
-the wise use of pesticides can
protect human health and
agricultural crops.

32. Herbicides
Insecticides

33. -is an environmental hazard
produced by millions that smoke
-diseases associated with ETS include
lung cancer and perhaps heart disease
-the EPA has classified ETS as a Class
A carcinogen

34. -Smoking has been increasingly
restricted from public buildings and
from many private work sites
-Regulation of smoking seems to be the
best approach to controlling this
pollutant

35. -is
a naturally occurring element that is
used in the manufacturing of many
industrial and domestic products
-Health problems associated with the
over exposure to lead are anemia, birth
defects, bone damage, neurological
damage, kidney damage, and others.
-Exposure is by ingestion and
inhalation.

36. -Children
are particularly at risk
from eating peeling lead paint.
-The prevalence of very high blood
lead levels among young children
declined significantly between 1984
and 1994 primarily because the
removal of lead from gasoline.
-Occupational exposure is a major
source of lead intake for adults.

38. It includes airborne
particles, humidity,
equipment design
and radiation.

40. are environmental
factors that produce
psychological changes
expressed as stress,
depression, hysteria.

42. are those that result from
living in a society where
one experiences noise,
lack of privacy and
overcrowding.

44. -Natural disasters are geographical and
meteorological events of such magnitude and
proximity to communities that they produce
significant damage and injuries.
-Examples are cyclones, earthquakes, floods,
hurricanes, tornadoes, typhoons, and
volcanic eruptions.
-The magnitude of devastation of these
events can sometimes be great.
-Biological, psychological and sociological
hazards may increase following a natural
disaster.

46. Valeroso, Daisy Mae
Salino, Sarah Gane Marie
Abarca, Mariel
Velez, Nadene
Abes, Liaddy
Deguma, Carl
Dagohoy, Sahara
Azote, Allyn
Ceniza, Ching Bee
Monding, Anjean