From Zionism to Hamas

1. Timeline of the Arab andTimeline of the Arab and
Israel ConflictIsrael Conflict
By: Mr. CoteBy: Mr. Cote

2. Late 1800’s to WW 1Late 1800’s to WW 1
 Zionism:Zionism:
 Theodore Herzl, aTheodore Herzl, a
leading Jewishleading Jewish
sympathizer, statessympathizer, states
that a Jewishthat a Jewish
homeland is needed tohomeland is needed to
stop the violencestop the violence
against the Jewsagainst the Jews
 Arabs are defeated inArabs are defeated in
World War I byWorld War I by
Britain, France, andBritain, France, and
USA.USA.

3. Between the World WarsBetween the World Wars
 Britain takes controlBritain takes control
of the Palestinianof the Palestinian
area.area.
 Balfour Declaration:Balfour Declaration:
 Says Palestine is to be used forSays Palestine is to be used for
a Jewish homelanda Jewish homeland
 Made by BritainMade by Britain
 680,000 Jews start to move to680,000 Jews start to move to
PalestinePalestine

4. WW IIWW II
 Hitler and the HolocaustHitler and the Holocaust
 Adolph Hitler comes toAdolph Hitler comes to
power in Germanypower in Germany
 6 millions Jews were killed6 millions Jews were killed
during his time in powerduring his time in power
all over Europeall over Europe
 Equal to 2/3 of the totalEqual to 2/3 of the total
Jewish population inJewish population in
EuropeEurope
 Hostilities between JewsHostilities between Jews
and Arabs in Palestineand Arabs in Palestine
beginbegin

5. Turn to a PartnerTurn to a Partner
 Discuss this question:Discuss this question:
 Do you believe theDo you believe the
Jewish people shouldJewish people should
have their ownhave their own
homeland?homeland?

6. 1947-19481947-1948
 United Nations:United Nations:
 An agreement is made toAn agreement is made to
end hostilities betweenend hostilities between
Arabs and Jews.Arabs and Jews.
 Palestine is to be split in 2.Palestine is to be split in 2.
 650,000 Palestinians are650,000 Palestinians are
to be moved from Jewishto be moved from Jewish
controlled areas.controlled areas.
 1948: Israel declares1948: Israel declares
independence fromindependence from
Britain.Britain.

7. 1948 War of Israel Independence1948 War of Israel Independence
 Israel is attacked byIsrael is attacked by
Syria, Lebanon,Syria, Lebanon,
Jordon, Egypt, andJordon, Egypt, and
Iraq.Iraq.
 Israel defeats all ofIsrael defeats all of
the Arab countriesthe Arab countries
back and gainsback and gains
more territory.more territory.

8. Turn to a PartnerTurn to a Partner
 Discuss this question:Discuss this question:
 Why do you think theWhy do you think the
Arab countriesArab countries
attacked Israel?attacked Israel?

9. Suez Crisis- 1956Suez Crisis- 1956
 Egypt attempts toEgypt attempts to
control a Canal from thecontrol a Canal from the
Mediterranean Sea toMediterranean Sea to
the Red Sea to stopthe Red Sea to stop
supplies getting tosupplies getting to
Israel.Israel.
 Britain and France sendBritain and France send
troops to stop Egypt.troops to stop Egypt.
 Israel joins in and attacksIsrael joins in and attacks
EgyptEgypt
 This heightensThis heightens
tensions betweentensions between
Egypt and Israel.Egypt and Israel.

10. The PLOThe PLO
 Palestine LiberationPalestine Liberation
OrganizationOrganization
 Formed in 1964Formed in 1964
 Aim is to free PalestineAim is to free Palestine
from Israeli controlfrom Israeli control
through forcethrough force
 Leader is Yasir ArafatLeader is Yasir Arafat
 PLO leads manyPLO leads many
attacks on Israeliattacks on Israeli
civilians and militarycivilians and military

11. 6 Day War- 19676 Day War- 1967
 Seeing Egypt, Syria,Seeing Egypt, Syria,
and Jordon are gettingand Jordon are getting
ready to attack Israel,ready to attack Israel,
Israel attacks all 3Israel attacks all 3
countries at the samecountries at the same
time.time.
 Israel is able to quicklyIsrael is able to quickly
defeat all threedefeat all three
 Israel takes land from allIsrael takes land from all
3 countries3 countries
 Israel doubles in sizeIsrael doubles in size

12. Yom Kippur War- 1973Yom Kippur War- 1973
 Egypt and Syria attack Israel on the JewishEgypt and Syria attack Israel on the Jewish
holiday of Yom Kippurholiday of Yom Kippur
 Israel again successfully defends itself with noIsrael again successfully defends itself with no
changes in borders.changes in borders.
 Middle Eastern countries agree to stop sending oil toMiddle Eastern countries agree to stop sending oil to
Western countries like the United States.Western countries like the United States.
 Gas shortages occurGas shortages occur
 Spill over into US and RussiaSpill over into US and Russia
 Russia supplies Arab countries with weaponsRussia supplies Arab countries with weapons
 US supplies Israel with weaponsUS supplies Israel with weapons
 Tensions rise between US and RussiaTensions rise between US and Russia

13. Turn to a PartnerTurn to a Partner
 Discuss this question:Discuss this question:
 Why do you think theWhy do you think the
Israeli’s were able toIsraeli’s were able to
defend itself so well?defend itself so well?

14. Peace Process Starts 1978Peace Process Starts 1978
 Camp David AccordsCamp David Accords
 US President Jimmy CarterUS President Jimmy Carter
meets with leaders frommeets with leaders from
Israel (Begin) and EgyptIsrael (Begin) and Egypt
(Sadat).(Sadat).
 Israel agrees to give backIsrael agrees to give back
territory to Egyptterritory to Egypt
 Egypt agrees to recognizeEgypt agrees to recognize
Israel’s independenceIsrael’s independence
 Sadat is assassinatedSadat is assassinated
shortly afterward by Muslimshortly afterward by Muslim
extremists who don’t wantextremists who don’t want
peace.peace.

15. Intifada 1980’sIntifada 1980’s
 Groups of regularGroups of regular
Palestinian civiliansPalestinian civilians
begin an uprisingbegin an uprising
against Israel’sagainst Israel’s
military occupation.military occupation.

16. Israel and Iraq- 1981Israel and Iraq- 1981
 Fearing Iraq may beFearing Iraq may be
making nuclearmaking nuclear
weapons, Israelweapons, Israel
destroys Iraq’sdestroys Iraq’s
nuclear factories.nuclear factories.

17. Israel Invades Lebanon- 1982Israel Invades Lebanon- 1982
 Invades because PLOInvades because PLO
headquarters is inheadquarters is in
Lebanon’s capital,Lebanon’s capital,
BeirutBeirut
 Israel’s attacks to stopIsrael’s attacks to stop
the PLO’s attacksthe PLO’s attacks

18. Peace Agreement- 1988Peace Agreement- 1988
 Israel and the PLOIsrael and the PLO
agree to cease-fireagree to cease-fire
and for Israel to returnand for Israel to return
to their pre 6 Day Warto their pre 6 Day War
boundaries.boundaries.

19. Oslo Peace Process- 1993Oslo Peace Process- 1993
 US President Clinton meets with Israeli leaderUS President Clinton meets with Israeli leader
Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat.Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat.
 West Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given toWest Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given to
Palestinians to run.Palestinians to run.
 Israel is promised peaceIsrael is promised peace

20. Rabin is Assassinated- 1995Rabin is Assassinated- 1995
 During a peace rallyDuring a peace rally
following the Oslofollowing the Oslo
Accords, Rabin isAccords, Rabin is
assassinated by anassassinated by an
Israeli militant whoIsraeli militant who
was against peace.was against peace.

21. Turn to a PartnerTurn to a Partner
 Discuss this question:Discuss this question:
 Why do you think thatWhy do you think that
after each peaceafter each peace
agreement, one of itsagreement, one of its
leaders areleaders are
assassinated?assassinated?

22. Modern Violence 1995-2005Modern Violence 1995-2005
 Second Intifada:Second Intifada:
 More violence against Israelis for theirMore violence against Israelis for their
continued military presence in Palestiniancontinued military presence in Palestinian
areas.areas.
 Israel reacts:Israel reacts:
 Israel sends troops to West Bank and GazaIsrael sends troops to West Bank and Gaza
 Israel starts building fence around the GazaIsrael starts building fence around the Gaza
StripStrip

23. Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006
 An extremist groupAn extremist group
called Hezbollahcalled Hezbollah
takes control oftakes control of
LebanonLebanon
 Israeli soldiersIsraeli soldiers
kidnappedkidnapped
 Rocket attacks startRocket attacks start
 Israel invadesIsrael invades
Lebanon to stop theLebanon to stop the
attacksattacks
 Invasion succeeds andInvasion succeeds and
attacks stopattacks stop

24. Hamas in the Gaza Strip- TodayHamas in the Gaza Strip- Today
 In retaliation ofIn retaliation of
Israel’s continuedIsrael’s continued
military presence inmilitary presence in
the Gaza Strip, thethe Gaza Strip, the
group Hamas startsgroup Hamas starts
launching rockets intolaunching rockets into
IsraelIsrael
 Israel reacts byIsrael reacts by
bombing the rocketbombing the rocket
sites and sendingsites and sending
troops into Gaza.troops into Gaza.

25. Turn to a PartnerTurn to a Partner
 Discuss theseDiscuss these
questions:questions:
 What do you think isWhat do you think is
going to happengoing to happen
next?next?
 What would you doWhat would you do
to end the violence?to end the violence?