2. CLASSIFYING PLANTS
• The terrestrial members of the Plant Kingdom are
generally divided into 2 groups
1. Non Vascular or Bryophytes
- lack specialized tissues for conduction of
water
2. Vascular or Tracheopytes
-have specialized tissues
for transporting water and
nutrients
5. CLASSIFYING PLANTS
TWO SYSTEMS OF PLANT CLASSIFICATION
1.Natural System
- Based on evolutionary relationships among
plants
2. Artificial System
- based mainly on size,
water requirement, ability
to manufacture food,
habitat and life span
6. Bases of Artificial System
1. Size
a. Microscopic
- Those that are not visible to the
unaided eye
b. Macroscopic
-those that can be seen with the
unaided eye
7. Bases of Artificial System
2. Water requirement
a. Xerophytes
-live in places with little amount of water
b. Mesophytes
-require a moderate amount
of water
c. Hydrophytes
-live in habitats with
abundant water
11. Bases of Artificial System
3. Ability to manufacture food
a. Autotrophic
-plants that manufacture their own food
b. Heterotrophic
-plants that depend on other organisms or
dead organic matter for food
13. Bases of Artificial System
4. Habitat
a. Aquatic
- plants live in water
b. Terrestrial
- plants live on land
c. Aerial
- plants live above the
ground
14. Bases of Artificial System
5. Life Span
a. Annual
- live for one growing season
ex. Onions, garlic, patola
b. Biennials
- complete their life cycle
in 2 years
ex. Okra, parsley,
sunflower
c. Perennials
- live for many years
15. Bases of Artificial System
6. Habit – refers to body appearance
a. Trees- woody perennial plants
with a single stem or trunk
b. Shrubs – plants with several
main stems arising at or
near the ground
c. Herbs-come with soft
stem
d. Vines- climbing plants
20. NONVASCULAR PLANTS
• They live in moist and damp places since they do not
have xylem and phloem to move water from one part to
another
• They are usually small in size due to this missing part
• Bryophytes do not have true roots, stem
and leaves
21. NONVASCULAR PLANTS
• They are called thalloid plants
• These plants grow from spores
• Composed of mosses, liverworts and hornworts
• they are regarded as the “amphibians” of the
plant world since they need a lot of water even
if they are terrestrial in habitat
23. NONVASCULAR PLANTS
1. LIVERWORTS
- liver because of its liver shape appearance
and wort, which means plant or herb
-2 types of gametophyte
1. Antheridium- male
reproductive that produces
the sperm cell
2. Archaegonium- female
reproductive that produces
the egg cell
27. NONVASCULAR PLANTS
3. MOSSES
- are of 2 types; the gametophyte and
the sporophyte
- they differ from any
other plants because
of the absence of
mesophyll tissues,
stomata and veins
29. VASCULAR PLANTS
1. WHISK FERNS
- small plants with fork like branches that
look like a broom
- they are considered the
simplest of all living
vascular plants
31. VASCULAR PLANTS
2. CLUB MOSSES
- they just grow wildly and luxuriantly along
the roadside specially during rainy season
- the spores are found on
their tips
35. VASCULAR PLANTS
4. FERNS
- the largest group of seedless vascular
plants
- they may reach 3 to 5 meters in height
- they have vascular
tissues and strong
roots
36. GYMNOSPERMS
• Came from the Greek word „gymnos‟ meaning
naked and „sperma‟ seed or naked seeds
• They are cone bearing plants
• They grow very well in
temperate region
38. GYMNOSPERMS
1. Ginkgos
- Ginkgo biloba as its popular name
- Large tree with numerous spreading branches
- Leaves are fan shape
that gives off a pungent
odor
40. GYMNOSPERMS
2. GNETUMS
- believe to be the ancestor of the flowering plants
- have cones that resembles a flower
- smaller than ginkgo. Not
common in the Philippines
42. GYMNOSPERMS
3. CYCADS
-second largest group of gymnosperms
-leaves are compound and composed of
several leaf-like parts
-they grow well in tropical
countries
44. GYMNOSPERMS
4. CONIFERS
- biggest group of gymnosperms found in most part
of the world
- large, tall trees with highly
branched stems
- leaves are usually
long, scaly, and needle-like
45. ANGIOSPERMS
• Vascular plants that bear flowers and produced fruits
with seeds that are usually found inside the fruit
• There are two kinds of flowering plants based on the
number of cotyledons.
A.Monocotyledon
B.Dicotyledon
