Krista, Sean and Leah

1. Cubism (1907-1914)
Krista Arrasmith, Sean Larson, Leah Schrauben

2.  This movement was created by Picasso
and Braque in Paris from 1907 to 1914
◦ Braque and Picasso were the major artists
throughout the majority of the Cubist
movement
◦ The term Cubism was first coined by Louis
Vauxcelles after seeing the landscapes Braque
painted at L’Estaque, in 1908, calling the
geometric figures in the paintings “cubes.”

3.  Influences on Cubism
◦ Primitivism and Non-Western Sources
◦ Oceanic and Iberian Sculpture
◦ African Art in the case of Picasso’s Les
Demoiselles d’Avignon
◦ Colonialism/Imperialism
◦ World War I
◦ Post-Impressionism: Cézanne
◦ Science-Bohr, Einstein

4. Les Demoiselles d’Avigon (Picasso, 1907)

5.  Overall Characteristics
◦ Reject that art should copy nature
◦ Reject use of traditional techniques
◦ Emphasize two-dimensionality (geometricity)
◦ Reduce objects to geometric shapes and put
these within a shallow space
◦ Multiple/contrasting vantage points
◦ Overlapping planes (passage)
◦ Exploration of the fourth dimension
(simultaneity)

6.  Cubism consisted of two stages
◦ Analytical- Very abstract; mostly made up of
overlapping planes and geometrical figures
◦ Synthetic- tended to use new mediums, such
as clips from newspaper, on top of paint
canvass; took away all three dimensional
aspects left from Analytical

7. Analytical Cubism
(1907-1912)

8.  Style
◦ Mostly landscapes, few figures (simple
subjects)
◦ Noticeable lack of color
◦ Earth tones
◦ Colors or tones with neutral associations

9. Portrait of Ambrose Vollard (Picasso,1910)

10. Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler (Picasso,1910)

11. Ma Jolie (Picasso, 1910)

12. The Portugese (man) (Braque,1911)

13. Synthetic Cubism
(1912-1914)

14.  Style
◦ Vibrant colors
◦ Collage created
◦ Different materials than just canvas
◦ Referred to as blunt and straightforward
◦ Considered “easy to read”

15. Guitar (Picasso, 1913)

16. The Card-Player (Picasso,1913-1914)

17. Fruit and Jug on a Table (Metzinger, 1916) (Cubist
version of Cezanne’s piece)

18. The Smoker (Gris, 1913)

19. Stairway (Léger, 1914)

20. Harlequin (Picasso, 1915)

21. Major Cubist Artists

22.  Pablo Picasso
◦ Style
 Brighter Colors
 Less Abstracted
 Many Paintings are Still-Lifes or Self-Portraits
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Self Portrait (1907)
 Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907)
 Dryad (1908)
 Bread and Fruit Dish on a Table (1909)
 Portrait of Ambroise Vollard (1910)
 Guitar (1913)
 Three Musicians (1921)

23. Self Portrait (1907)

24. Bread and Fruit Dish on a Table (1909)

25.  Georges Braque
◦ Style
 Not Very Abstracted
 Mostly Earthy Colors (Browns, Greens, Blacks)
 Many Paintings are Landscapes
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 El Viaducto de L’Estaque (1907)
 Viaduct at L’Estaque (1908)
 Paisaje de L’Estaque (1908)
 Gran Desnudo (1908)
 Castle at La Roche-Guyon (1909)
 El Parque de Carrières Saint-Denis (1909)
 Harbor in Normandy (1909)

26.  Braque (cont.)
◦ Famous Cubist Works (cont.)
 Le Sacré-Couer (1910)
 El Violín (1911)
 The Portugese (Man) (1911-1912)
 The Musician’s Table (1913)
 Still-Life: Le Jour (1929)

27. El Viaducto de L’Estaque (1907)

28. Castle at La Roche-Guyon (1909)

29. The Musican’s Table (1913)

30.  Jean Metzinger
◦ Style
 Darker Colors (Darker Blues, Greens, and
Browns)
 Many paintings of scenes of life invovling humans
 Not Very Abstracted
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 At the Cycle-Race Track (1912)
 Dancer in a Café (1912)
 The Smoker (1914)
 Fruit and Jug on a Table (1916)
 Naturaleza Muerta (1919)
 Still-Life: Playing Cards, Coffee Cup, and Apples

31. At the Cycle-Race Track (1912)

32. Dancer in the Café (1912)

33. Still-Life: Playing Cards, Coffee Cup, and Apples

34.  Fernand Léger
◦ Style
 Brighter Colors
 More Rounded Geometric Shapes
 Highly Abstracted
 Most Paintings of People Doing Different Tasks
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Desnudos en el Bosque (1909)
 Smoke (1912)
 Woman in Blue (1912)
 Contrast of Forms (1913)
 El Despertador (1914)
 Segundo Estado (1914)

35. Smoke (1912)

36. Contrast of Forms (1913)

37. El Despertador (1914)

38.  Juan Gris
◦ Style
 More Earthy Colors (Greens, Browns, Blues)
 Highly Abstracted
 Mostly of Still-Life
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Beer Glass and Cards (1913)
 Flowers (1914)
 Breakfast (1914)
 A Pot of Geraniums (1915)

39. Beer Glass and Cards (1913)

40. Flowers (1914)

41. A Pot of Geraniums (1915)

42.  Roger de La Fresnaye
◦ Style
 Brighter Colors (Yellows, Whites, Blues)
 Not Very Abstracted
 Most Paintings of Humans
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Village at the Water’s Edge (1910) (has definite
similarites to Impressionism)
 Artillery (1911)
 The Conquest of the Air (1913)
 Sitzendy Man (1914)
 Smoking in the Shelter (1918)

43. Village at the Water’s Edge (1910)

44. Artillery (1911)

45. The Conquest of the Air (1913)

46.  Marcel Duchamp
◦ Style
 Earthy Colors (Browns, Blacks)
 Highly Abstracted
 Many Pieces Try to Capture Movement of Nudes
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Apropos of Little Sister (1911)
 Nude, Sad Young Man on a Train (1911)
 Nude descending a Staircase, No. 2 (1912)
 The Passage From Virgin to Bride (1912)
 The King and Queen Surrounded by Swift Nudes
(1912)
 Die Verheiratete Frau (1912)

47. Nude, Sad Young Man on a Train (1911)

48. Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 (1912)

49. The Passage From Virgin to Bride (1912)

50.  Albert Gleizes
◦ Style
 Mix of Earthy Colors and Vibrant Colors
 Many Pieces are Landscapes
 Highly Abstracted
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Catedral (1912)
 Puerto Comercial (1912)
 Cabeza Masculina (1913)
 Paisaje (1914)
 Nueva York (1916)

51. Catedral (1912)

52. Paisaje (1914)

53. Nueva York (1916)

54. Cubist Sculpture

55.  Alexander Archipenko
◦ Style
 Mostly dark colors (Blacks)
 Not very abstracted
 Mostly contorted or misshapen human bodies
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Seated Female Nude (1909)
 The Draped Woman (1911)
 Reclining Nude (1912)
 Die Sitzende (1912)
 Carrousel Pierrot (1913)
 The Gondolier (1914)
 The Boxers (1914)
 Walking (1914)

56.  Archipenko (cont.)
◦ Famous Cubist Works (cont.)
 Female Torso (1914)
 Woman Combing Her Hair (1915)
 Walking Soilders (1917)

57. The Draped Woman (1911)

58. The Gondolier (1914)

59. The Boxers (1914)

60.  Raymond Duchamp-Villon
◦ Style
 Mostly Darker Colors (Blacks)
 Very Abstracted
 Mostly of Parts of Humans or Animals
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Torso of a Young Man (1910)
 The Lovers (1913)
 The Horse (1914)
 Portrait of Professor Gosset (1917)

61. The Lovers (1913)

62. The Horse (1914)

63. Portrait of Professor Gosset (1917)

64.  Jacques Lipchitz
◦ Style
 Use Bland Colors (Whites, Metallics)
 Highly Abstracted
 Mostly of Humans
◦ Famous Cubist Works
 Man With a Guitar (1915)
 The Bather (1925)

65. Man With a Guitar (1915)

66. The Bather (1925)

67. Off-branches of Cubism

68.  Kinetic Cubism/Cubo-Futurism
◦ Developed in Russia around 1910
◦ Based off of Synthetic Cubism/ reinterpretation
of French Cubism and Italian Futurism
◦ More emphasis on movement and action
◦ Bold colors and lines
◦ Fragmentation of objects on canvas surface
◦ Key artists:
 Malevich
 Popova
 Goncharova

69.  Orphism/Orphic Cubism (1910)
◦ Roots in Analytical Cubism but uses bright
circles
◦ Delaunays pioneered this technique (Prisma
Electrico, Rythme Couleur, ect.)

70.  All pics from abcgallery.com and all-
art.org