File000158

Module XLV - Investigating Child
Pornography Cases

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Copyright © by EC-Council
All Rights Reserved. Reproduction is Strictly Prohibited
News: 7 Southern California Men
Arrested in Child Porn Investigation
Source: http://www.latimes.com/

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News: Chinese National Arrested
Over Child Porn
Source: http://www.abc.net.au/

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News: Theft Leads to Child
Porn Search
Source: http://www.argusleader.com/

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Module Objective
• Child Pornography
• People’s Motives behind Child Pornography
• People involved in Child Pornography
• Role of Internet in Promoting Child Pornography
• Effects of Child Pornography on children
• Measures to Prevent Dissemination of Child Pornography
• Challenges in controlling Child Pornography
• Steps for Investigating Child Pornography cases
• Sources of Digital Evidence
• Techniques to reduce the problem of Child Pornography
• Guidelines to avoid pornography
• Report on Child Pornography
• Laws against Child Pornography
• Anti-Child-Pornography Organizations
This module will familiarize you with:

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Module Flow
Child Pornography
People’s Motives behind
Child Pornography
People Involved in
Child Pornography
Role of Internet in Promoting
Child Pornography
Effects of Child
Pornography on children
Measures to Prevent Dissemi-
nation of Child Pornography
Steps for Investigating
Child Pornography Cases
Sources of Digital
Evidence
Guidelines to avoid
Child Pornography
Techniques to reduce problem
Of Child Pornography
Report on Child Pornography
Laws against
Child Pornography
Challenges in controlling
Child Pornography
Anti-Child-Pornography
Organizations

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Introduction to Child Pornography
“Child Pornography is defined as a visual depiction
of any kind, including a drawing, cartoon,
sculpture, or painting, photograph, film, video, or
computer-generated image or picture, whether
made or produced by electronic, mechanical, or
other means, of sexually explicit conduct, where it
depicts a minor being engaged in sexually explicit
conduct”
Sexually explicit conduct includes various forms of
sexual activities such as intercourse, bestiality,
masturbation, sadistic or masochistic abuse, and
lascivious exhibition of the genitals

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Survey
The Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children

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Survey (cont’d)
The Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children

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Survey (cont’d)

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People’s Motive Behind Child
Pornography
Sexual interest
Voyeurism
Blackmailing
Making money by selling images or setting up
paid obscene web sites

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People Involved in Child
Pornography
Person who downloads child pornography images from the
Internet and uses the same to disseminate them
Person who provides sources of child pornography i.e.,
indirect abuse of children
Parents or legal guardians who acquiesce their child’s
participation in child pornography
Offenders who enter into online relationship and send the
pornographic images to children as a part of grooming
process

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Role of Internet in Child
Pornography
Internet provides easy access to huge quantity of pornographic
materials
It ensures complete anonymity and privacy
Various web services such as e-mails, newsgroups, and chat room
facilitated the sharing of pornographic materials
It provides cost effective medium for transfer of pornographic
materials
It enables people with Internet connection to access pornographic
materials at any time and anywhere
It supports transfer of pornographic materials in various formats
which can be easily stored in different digital storage devices

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Effects of Child Pornography on
Children
Child victims suffer from depression, anger, withdrawal, and
other psychological problems
Physical injuries due to molestation, such as genital bruising, or
exposure to sexually transmitted diseases
They experience mental weakness such as:
• Guiltiness and feel responsible for the abuse and betrayal
• Sense of powerlessness and worthlessness
• Low self-esteem
Girl victim may suffer from higher rates of nightmares, back
pain, headaches, pelvic pain, and other similar symptoms in her
adult age

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Measures to Prevent Dissemination
of Child Pornography
• Block the illegal sites
• Apply the filters to browsers and search engines for safe search
• Establish compliant sites
Computer Industry Self
Regulation (Role of ISP):
• Hold the ISPs legally responsible for site content
• ISP should verify the identities of people who use Internet
• Advertisers should avoid advertising of such sites
Legislative Regulation:
• Creates public awareness about such issues and offers the platform
for people to report against child pornographyCitizens committee :
• Parents should restrict his ward’s search by using filtering software
and child-oriented search enginesParental Strategies:
• Investigate pornographic sites using modern computer forensics
techniques
• Set up honey-trap sites
Law Enforcement Responses
(Role of Police):

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Challenges in Controlling Child
Pornography
Large Internet traffic
Unclear jurisdiction due to anonymity of offenders
Lack of laws and regulation
Differences in legislation of various countries
Sophistication and adaptation of Internet
technology by offenders

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Precautions before Investigating
Ensure that authorization is enforced to investigate child pornography cases
Familiarize yourself with local laws
Document each step of investigation in-detail
Take assistance from two authorized persons
Investigation steps

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Steps for Investigating Child
Pornography
Search and seize all computers and media devices
Check authenticated login sessions
Search hard disk for pornographic material
Recover deleted files and folders
Check metadata of files and folders related to pornography
Check and recover the browser information:
• Browsing History
• Download History
• Saved Form and Search History
• Cache
• Cookies
• Saved Passwords
• Authenticated Sessions
Check ISP Logs

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Step 1: Search and Seize All
Computers and Media Devices
Search the files and folders of the suspect’s
system for porn material
Look for the porn material in the media devices
such as USB, CDs and DVDs, and pen drives
Document and seize the collected evidence
carefully

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Step 2: Check Authenticated Login
Sessions
Check the login information as user accounts are
password protected
Check under which account the porn material
was accessed
Check the user, who accessed the porn material
i.e., is he an authenticated user a guest, or an
administrator

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Step 3: Search Hard Disk for
Pornographic Material
Search the hard disk of the suspect’s system for pornographic material
• Files and folders
• Applications
• Temporary Internet files
• Recycle bin
• Tools such as SurfRecon scans the system for
pornographic material (both on hard disk as well as
browser cache)
Hard disk search includes search
in:

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Step 4: Recover Deleted Files
and Folders
The user may delete the porn
material from Recycle Bin
Recover the files and folders using
tools such as File Recover, Data
recovery wizards, PC Inspector File
Recovery

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Step 5: Check Metadata of Files and
Folders Related to Pornography
Metadata is the information on when the file
was created, modified, or deleted
File/folder creation, modification, or deletion
let the investigator know when the material was
accessed
Check the metadata of files and folders that
consist of porn material

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Step 6: Check and Recover the
Browser Information
• Browsing History
• Download History
• Saved Form and Search History
• Cache
• Cookies
• Offline Website Data
• Saved Passwords
• Authenticated Sessions
Check and recover the browser information, which
includes:

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Browsing History, Save Form,
and Search History
Open Internet browser and press Control + H to
open the browsing history
Check the links that were accessed to trace the
child porn link
Investigator can search for the suspected link
through search bar

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Download History
Downloaded information is saved here
To view download history, select Tools and click Download or just
press Ctrl + J

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Cache
Check the web page copies stored on
the system’s hard disk or in its
random-access memory (RAM)
To change cache settings, open the
browser. Select Tools. Open the
Advanced panel, and click the
Network tab. Enter a number in the
Use up to field to specify the size of
the cache
Browser cache information can be
recovered using tools such as
INDEX.DAT file viewer

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Cookies
Check the cookie information to determine the websites that the user has accessed
To access cookies, select Tools → click Options → Privacy → Show Cookies

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Saved Passwords
Passwords are remembered and saved
by the browser, depending upon the
user’s request
Check for those passwords and access
the link to find evidence
To view them, go to select Tools →
Options → Security → Show
Passwords

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Authenticated Sessions
Authenticated session is the use of correct username and password for a
particular link
Check whether the user had logged in to website with authentication
Check for the number of attempts made by the user

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Step 7: Check ISP Logs
ISP logs are all Internet activity information that are saved by Internet
service providers
An ISP log provides all the information about the users to whom a particular
ISP provider provides Internet service
• ISPs usually do not show the logs to maintain user privacy
• Though ISPs show the logs, it is difficult to extract required information
from the huge amount of logs
It is the difficult way to extract information
because:

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Sources of Digital Evidence
• Images saved on a computer’s hard drive are the most
obvious evidence of pornography
Offender’s computer:
• Digital devices such as PDAs and mobile phones are
also sources for Pornography
Hand-held devices:
• Servers provide information about the user of
pornography sites. For example, an ISP authentication
server records customer’s account IP
Servers:

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Citizens’ Responsibility Against
Pornography
• Protesting against child porn websites
• Providing information about the impact of pornography on
children
• Taking initiatives to end child porn on the web
• Reporting to government officials
• Reporting to anti-child porn organizations about the site
• Blocking credit card transactions
• Asking ISPs to block the content or URL
• Example: World's largest Internet Service Providers (ISPs) Verizon,
Time Warner Cable, and Sprint blocked access to child porn
Citizens can help to eradicate pornography by:

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Guidelines to Avoid Child
Pornography on the Web
Use Internet filter that filters unwanted content on the
system
Make use of search engines that have in-built filters
• Example: Google safe search filtering
Avoid guesswork on URLs
Avoid browsing questionable URLs or banners that take
you to unwelcomed sites

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Guidelines for Parents to Protect
Children from Pornography
Maintain a friendly relationship with child
Guide the child while browsing
Install filtering software that prevents porn sites
Promote the use of search engines with safe search
Parents should make the children aware of the child
pornography prevailing on Internet

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Guidelines for Parents to Protect
Children from Pornography (cont’d)
Parents should be aware of the anti-child-pornography organizations
Use a software that:
• Monitors and records all websites visited by your child
• Captures and logs the chats of your child on instant messenger
• Monitors their emails, friends’ nature, etc.
If something is found, explain and guide the child about the crime he/she is
making under the law

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Tools to Protect Children from
Pornography

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Reveal
http://www.antichildporn.org/
Reveal helps bridging the technology gap between the knowledgeable child who is
on the Internet, yet lacking the life skills needed to know what is and is not
dangerous
It provides quick means for evaluating large amounts of computer data/files
It works by searching all files found and comparing each word inside a file against
special dictionaries of words commonly used by pedophiles, child pornographers,
cultists, occultists, drug pushers and purveyors of hate and violence
It also searches for images, video, and audio files and provides a quick and easy
means for you to review these files for objectionable content

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iProtectYou
http://www.softforyou.com/
• Restricts your family members from visiting web sites and news groups that may
contain pernicious information
• Blocks e-mails, chat sessions, instant messages and P2P connections if they contain
inappropriate words
• Prevents private information (credit card number for example) from being sent to the
Internet
• Sets a schedule to specify days and times when on-line activity is allowed
• Limits Internet Traffic to a specified amount of data that can be sent or received per
user / per day
• Controls the list of programs that can have access to the Internet
• Gets notification e-mails with full description of blocked operations and an attached
screen-shot of your kids' computer to control them remotely
Features:
iProtectYou is an Internet filtering and monitoring program designed for parents who are
concerned about the possible detrimental effects of the Internet on the development of
their children
It allows to block e-mails, chat sessions and instant messages that contain inappropriate
words

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iProtectYou: Screenshot

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WUPC Web Control for Parents 4
WUPC is a parental control tool, developed for protecting children from
forbidden materials
• Example: Pornography, online gambling, and online drugs information
It helps to prevent kids from accessing user-specified websites

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WUPC Web Control for Parents
4: Screenshot

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BrowseControl
BrowseControl helps you to restrict inappropriate surfing and
enforces Internet usage policies
It can completely block the Internet, allow access to only websites
that you specify, deny web access to websites that you specify, and
schedule Internet ON at only certain times of the day
It consists of an application blocker that allows you to specify
software applications you want to block the user from running
• It is easy to manage
• It blocks the applications
• It blocks protocols
Features:

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BrowseControl: Screenshot

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ChatGuard
• Internet
• Chat sessions, URLs, communications, and emails
• Games and audio
• Desktop enhancements
• Business and finance
It monitors:
ChatGuard is the software developed for protection from online sexual
solicitation

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ChatGuard: Screenshot

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Child Exploitation Tracking System
(CETS)
http://www.microsoft.com/
CETS was developed jointly by Microsoft Canada, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
(RCMP) and the Toronto Police Service
CETS, a software solution built using open industry standards, assists law-enforcement
officials in their work to stop the exploitation of children on the Internet
It enables effective collaboration and provides a set of advanced software tools and
technologies for use by investigators
The solution enables police agencies to capture, share and search information from the
point of detection through to the investigative phase, arrest and offender management
Using CETS, police agencies can manage and analyze huge volumes of information in
powerful new ways, such as cross-referencing obscure data relationships and using social-
network analysis to identify communities of offenders

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Reports on Child Pornography

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Reports on Child Pornography
(cont’d)

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Laws Against Child Pornography

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U.S. Laws Against Child
Pornography
• It is forbidden to knowingly produce, distribute, receive, or possess with
the intent to distribute, a visual depiction of any kind, including a
drawing, cartoon, sculpture, or painting, that
• depicts a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct and is obscene, or
• depicts an image that is, or appears to be, of a minor engaging in graphic bestiality,
sadistic or masochistic abuse, or sexual intercourse, including genital-genital, oral-
genital, anal-genital, or oral-anal, whether between persons of the same or
opposite sex, and such depiction lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or
scientific value
• Penalties: For production, distribution, or receipt or possession with the
intent to distribute: imprisonment for 5 to 20 years for a first offense, for
between 15 and 40 years for persons with certain prior offenses, and a
fine of up to $250,000
§ 18 U.S.C. 1466A – Obscene visual
representations of the sexual abuse of children.

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Pornography (cont’d)
• (a) Any person who employs, uses, persuades, induces, entices, or
coerces any minor to engage in, or who has a minor assist any other
person to engage in, or who transports any minor in interstate or
foreign commerce, or in any Territory or Possession of the United
States, with the intent that such minor engage in, any sexually
explicit conduct for the purpose of producing any visual depiction of
such conduct
• (d) Any person who, knowingly makes, prints, or publishes, or
causes to be made, printed, or published, any notice or
advertisement seeking or offering— (A) to receive, exchange, buy,
produce, display, distribute, or reproduce, any visual depiction, if the
production of such visual depiction involves the use of a minor
engaging in sexually explicit conduct and such visual depiction is of
such conduct
• Any individual who violates, or attempts or conspires to violate, this
section shall be fined under this title and imprisoned not less than 15
years nor more than 30 years
§ 18 U.S.C. 2251: According to this law, it is
consider as offence if:

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• (a) Any person who—
• (1) knowingly transports or ships in interstate or foreign commerce by any
means including by computer or mails, any visual depiction, if
• (A) the producing of such visual depiction involves the use of a minor engaging in
sexually explicit conduct; and
• (B) such visual depiction is of such conduct;
• (2) knowingly receives, or distributes, any visual depiction that has been
mailed, or has been shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce,
or which contains materials which have been mailed or so shipped or
transported, by any means including by computer
• Person find guilty in above, shall be fined under this title and imprisoned not
less than 5 years and not more than 20 years
§ 18 U.S.C. 2252- Certain activities relating to
material involving the sexual exploitation of minors

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• Whoever, while providing an electronic communication service or a
remote computing service to the public through a facility or means of
interstate or foreign commerce, obtains knowledge of facts or
circumstances from which a violation of certain offenses involving child
pornography is apparent, must report those facts or circumstances to the
[CyberTipline] at the National Center for Missing [&] Exploited Children
as soon as is reasonably possible
42 U.S.C. 13032 – Reporting of child
pornography by electronic communication
service providers

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Australia Laws Against
Child Pornography
CRIMINAL CODE ACT 1995:
code474.19- Using a carriage service for child
• pornography material
(1) A person is guilty of an offence if:
• (a) the person:
• (i) uses a carriage service to access material; or
• (ii) uses a carriage service to cause material to be transmitted to the person; or
• (iii) uses a carriage service to make material available
Penalty: Imprisonment for 10 years

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Australia Laws Against Child
• A person is guilty of an offence if:
• (a) the person:
• (i) has possession or control of material; or
• (ii) produces, supplies or obtains material
• Penalty: Imprisonment for 10 years
474.20- Possessing, controlling, producing,
supplying or obtaining Child Pornography
material for use through a carriage service

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Austria Laws Against
Child Pornography
• (1) Anyone who
• produces or
• imports, transports or exports for the purpose of dissemination or
• offers, procures, transfers, presents or makes available in any other manner to
another person a pornographic depiction of a minor will be sentenced to up to
three years' imprisonment
• (2) Anyone who commits the offence for financial gain will be sentenced
to six months' to five years' imprisonment
• (3) Anyone who obtains, or is in possession of, a pornographic depiction
of a minor over 14 years of age
§ 207a - Pornographic depictions of minors

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Belgium Laws Against
Child Pornography
• § 1. Whosoever has displayed, sold, rented, distributed or handed out
emblems, objects, films, photos, slides or other visual media representing
sexual positions or acts of a pornographic nature, involving or
representing minors or has handed to a transport or distribution agent,
manufactured or held, imported or caused to be imported such objects
with a view to commerce or distribution shall be punished by penal
servitude and a fine of five hundred to ten thousand francs
• § 2. Whosoever has knowingly possessed emblems, objects, films, photos,
slides or other visual media as referred to under § 1 shall be punished by
imprisonment for a month to a year and a fine of hundred to a thousand
francs
• § 3. The offence referred to under § 1 shall be punished by forced labor for
ten to fifteen years and a fine of five hundred to fifty thousand francs if it
constitutes an act of participation in the main or accessory activity of an
association, whether or not the culprit holds the position of manager
Article 383bis of the Penal Code:

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Belgium Laws Against Child
• § 1. Shall be punished by imprisonment for two months to two years and a fine of two
hundred Euro to two thousand Euro whosoever and by whatever means publishes,
distributes or disseminates or causes to be published, distributed or disseminated
publicity, directly or indirectly, even in concealing its nature through artifices of
language, for an offer of services of a sexual nature with a direct or indirect profit-
making objective, when the said publicity is specifically addressed to minors or when
it refers to services proposed either by minors or by persons claimed to be so
• § 2 . Shall be punished by imprisonment for one month to a year and a fine of a
hundred to a thousand Euro whosoever by whatever means publishes, distributes or
disseminates or causes to be published, distributed or disseminated publicity,
directly or indirectly, even in concealing its nature through artifices of language, for
an offer of services of a sexual nature with a direct or indirect profit-making
objective, when these services are offered through a telecommunications medium
• § 3. In cases not covered by § 1 and § 2, shall be punished by imprisonment for one
month to a year and a fine of a hundred to a thousand Euro whosoever by whatever
means of publicity, even in concealing its nature through artifices of language, makes
it known that he indulges in prostitution, facilitates the prostitution of others or
wishes to enter into a relationship with a person indulging in debauchery
Art.380ter

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Cyprus Laws Against
Child Pornography
• Each Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be
necessary to establish as criminal offences under its domestic law, when
committed intentionally and without right the following conduct
• a. producing Child Pornography for the purpose of its distribution through a computer
system;
• b. offering or making available Child Pornography through a computer system;
• c. distributing or transmitting Child Pornography through a computer system;
• d. procuring Child Pornography through a computer system for oneself or for another
person;
• e. possessing Child Pornography in a computer system or on a computer data storage
medium
• Person found guilty in any above case will be liable to imprisonment not
exceeding ten (10) years
Offences related to Child Pornography
Criminal Code chapter 154, Article 154, Title 3, article 9:

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Japan Laws Against
Child Pornography
• 1. A person who distributes, sells, lends as a business, or displays in public,
Child Pornography shall be punished with imprisonment with labor for
not more than three years or a fine not exceeding three million yen
• 2. A person who produces, possesses, transports, imports to or exports
from Japan Child Pornography for the purpose of conducting any of the
acts mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be punished with the
same penalty as is described in the said paragraph
• 3. A Japanese national who imports to or exports from a foreign country
Child Pornography for the purpose of conducting any of the acts
mentioned in paragraph 1 of this article shall be punished with the same
penalty as is described in the said paragraph
Law no. 45:

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South African Laws Against
Child Pornography
• Any person who participates or is involved in the commercial sexual
exploitation of a child, shall be guilty of an offence
• Any person who is an owner, lessor, manager, tenant, or occupier of
property on which the commercial sexual exploitation of a child occurs
and who, within a reasonable time of gaining information of such
occurrence, fails to report such occurrence at a police station, shall be
guilty of an offence
• Any person who is convicted of an offence in terms of this section, shall
be liable to a fine, or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding 10
years, or to both such fine and such imprisonment
(Section 50) Child Care Amendment Act

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South African Laws Against Child
• The objects of this Act shall be to—
• (a) regulate the creation, production, possession, and distribution of certain
publications and certain films by means of classification, the imposition of age
restrictions and the giving of consumer advice due regard being had in particular
to the protection of children against sexual exploitation or degradation in
publications, films and on the Internet and
• (b) make the exploitative use of children in pornographic publications, films or
on the Internet punishable
Amendment of section 2 of Act 65 of 1996
• Any person shall be guilty of an offence if he or she knowingly:
• (a) creates, produces, imports, or is in possession of a publication which
contains a visual presentation of child pornography
• (b) creates, produces, imports, or is in possession of a film which contains a
scene or scenes of child pornography
Amendment of section 27 of Act 65 of 1996

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UK Laws Against
Child Pornography
• An Act to make new provision about sexual offences, their prevention and
the protection of children from harm from other sexual acts, and for
connected purpose
• The sections that act against child pornography are:
• Section 15: Meeting a child following sexual grooming etc.
• Section 16: Abuse of position of trust: sexual activity with a child
• Section 17: Abuse of position of trust: causing or inciting a child to engage in sexual
activity
• Section 18: Abuse of position of trust: sexual activity in the presence of a child
• Section 19: Abuse of position of trust: causing a child to watch a sexual act
• Section 47: Paying for sexual services of a child
• Section 48: Causing or inciting child prostitution or pornography
• Section 49: Controlling a child prostitute or a child involved in pornography
• Section 50: Arranging or facilitating child prostitution or pornography
Sex Offences Act 2003 (SOA 2003)

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State Laws: Michigan Laws
Against Child Pornography
• Act 250 of 1982- It is an act:
• To establish the state child abuse and neglect prevention board
• To provide the powers and duties of the state child abuse and neglect
prevention board
• To prescribe the powers and duties of certain state departments
Child abuse and neglect prevention act

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State Laws: England and Wales
Laws
• Section 1: It is an offence for a person –
• To take, or permit to be taken, or to make any indecent photograph
or pseudo-photograph of a child; or to distribute or show such
indecent photographs or pseudo-photographs; or to possess such
indecent photographs or pseudo-photographs, with a view to their
being distributed or shown by himself or others; or to publish or
cause to be published any advertisement likely to be understood as
conveying that the advertiser distributes or shows such indecent
photographs or pseudo-photographs, or intends to do so
Protection of Children Act 1978

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State Laws: Scotland Laws
• Section 52 - Indecent Child Photographs
• Any person who:
• Takes, or permits to be taken or makes, any indecent photograph or pseudo-
photograph of a child under 18 years of age
• Distributes or shows such an indecent photograph or pseudo-photograph
• Has in his possession such an indecent photograph or pseudo-photograph with
a view to its being distributed or shown by himself or others; or
• Publishes or causes to be published any advertisement likely to be understood
as conveying that the advertiser distributes or shows such an indecent
photograph or pseudo-photograph, or intends to do so,
• Shall be guilty of an offence under this section
Civic Government (Scotland) Act, 1982

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State Laws: Scotland Laws (cont’d)
• It is an offence for a person to have any indecent photograph or
pseudo-photograph of a child under the age of 18 years in his
possession
Section 52A - Possession of Photographs
• In relation to offences under Section 52(1)(a), 52(1)(b), 52(1)(c)
and Section 52A the accused is not guilty of an offence
Section 52B - Exemptions for photographs
of 16 and 17 year olds

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State Laws: Philippines
Laws (Republic Acts)
• Article III, Section 5: Child Prostitution and Other Sexual
Abuse
• Children, whether male or female, who for money, profit, or any
other consideration or due to the coercion or influence of any adult,
syndicate or group, indulge in sexual intercourse or lascivious
conduct, are deemed to be children exploited in prostitution and
other sexual abuse
Republic Act 7610 - Special Protection of
Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitation
and Discrimination Act

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Children’s Internet Protection Act
(CIPA)
Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) is a federal law enacted by Congress in
December 2000
It is to address concerns about access to offensive content over the Internet

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Anti-Child-Pornography Organizations

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Organizations
Project Safe Childhood (http://www.projectsafechildhood.gov)
Innocent Images National Initiative (http://www.fbi.gov/innocent.htm)
Internet Crimes Against Children (http://www.icactraining.org/)
Antichildporn.org
Child Exploitation and Online Protection (CEOP) Centre (www.ceop.gov.uk )
ThinkUKnow (http://www.thinkuknow.co.uk/ )
Virtual Global Taskforce (http://www.virtualglobaltaskforce.com/)
Internet Watch Foundation (http://www.iwf.org.uk/)
International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children (http://www.icmec.org/)

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Organizations (cont’d)
National Centre for Missing & Exploited Children (http://www.missingkids.com/)
Child Victim Identification Program (http://www.missingkids.com/)
Financial Coalition Against Child Pornography
Preverted Justice (http://www.perverted-justice.com/)
The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC)
(http://www.nspcc.org.uk/)
Canadian Centre for Child Protection (http://www.protectchildren.ca/)
Association of Sites Advocating Child Protection (ASACP) (http://www.asacp.org/)
Websites Against Child Porn (WSACP) (http://www.wsacp.org/)
Child Focus (http://www.childfocus.be/)

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http://www.projectsafechildhood.gov
• Integrated federal, state, and local efforts to investigate and prosecute
• Participation of PSC partners in coordinated national initiatives
• Increased federal involvement in child pornography and enticement cases
• Training of federal, state, and local law enforcement
• Community awareness and educational programs
The PSC partnerships in every district will aim to
address five major components of the initiative,
as follows:
Project Safe Childhood (PSC) aims to combat the proliferation of
technology-facilitated sexual exploitation crimes against children
PSC creates, on a national platform, locally designed partnerships of federal,
state, local, and tribal law enforcement officers in each federal judicial
district to investigate and prosecute Internet-based crimes against children

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Innocent Images National
Initiative
• Online organizations, enterprises and communities that exploit children
for profit or personal gain
• Producers of child pornography
• Individuals who travel, or indicate a willingness to travel, for the purpose
of engaging in sexual activity with a minor
• Major distributors of child pornography, such as those who appear to
have transmitted a large volume of Child Pornography over an online
computer
• Possessors of child pornography
FBI’s Innocent Images National Initiative
focuses on:
Innocent Images National Initiative (IINI), a component of FBI's cyber
crimes program
It is an intelligence driven, proactive, and multi-agency investigative
operation to combat the proliferation of Child Pornography/Child Sexual
Exploitation (CP/CSE) facilitated by an online computer

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Internet Crimes Against Children
(ICAC)
The Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force (ICAC) is a multi-
jurisdictional task force that investigates and prosecutes individuals
who use the Internet to exploit children
It is a network of coordinated regional task forces engaged in helping
state and local law enforcement agencies to develop an effective
response to cyber-enticement and child pornography cases
This help consists of proactive investigations, forensic and
investigative components, training and technical assistance, effective
prosecutions, victim services, and community education

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Antichildporn.org
• Provides a maximum of information to law enforcement
authorities
• Keeps a halt to sensationalism and hype regarding the
Internet while promoting quality investigative journalism on
pedophile pornography
• Creates enough public pressure to bring authorities to the
point of action
• Forms cooperation with other Internet groups with similar
goals that will benefit all and increase the impact
Goals:
AntiChildPorn.org (ACPO) is an organization, comprised of
volunteers from all around the world, whose mission is to stop
the sexual exploitation of the world's children
It mainly focuses on protection of children from becoming
victims of Child Pornography, and provide knowledge about the
Child Pornography

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How to Report Antichildporn.org about
• Go to Homepage
http://www.antichildporn.org
• Click Report!  Report Child Porn
• The form ‘Anonymous Submission’ will
appear
• Give the appropriate Web address or FTP
address of the pornographic site
• Write details about that site
• Click Submit
Here are the procedures to
report about child porn:

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Child Exploitation and Online
Protection (CEOP) Centre
• How offenders operate and think
• How children and young people behave
• How technological advances are developing
CEOP Centre intelligence researches on:
CEOP Centre is dedicated for eradicating the sexual abuse of children
Each team consists of police officers who specialize in this area of
criminality working with professionals

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Child Exploitation and Online
Protection (CEOP) Centre: Screenshot

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ThinkUKnow
• How to have fun
• How to stay in control
• How to report a problem
It is based around three themes:
ThinkUKnow is the education programme of the CEOP Centre aimed
at young people that encourages safe browsing

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ThinkUKnow: Screenshot

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Virtual Global Taskforce (VGT)
• To make the Internet a safer place
• To identify, locate, and help children at risk
• To hold perpetrators appropriately to account
Objectives of the VGT:
Virtual Global Taskforce (VGT) is a group of law enforcement agencies from
around the world working together to fight online child abuse
The aim is to build an effective, international partnership of law
enforcement agencies that helps to protect children from online child abuse

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Virtual Global Taskforce (VGT)
(cont’d)
• Australian Federal Police
• CEOP Centre in UK
• Italian Postal and Communication Police Service
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police
• US Department of Homeland Security
• Interpol
The VGT is made up of:
It allows the users to report the abuse online

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Virtual Global Taskforce:
Screenshot

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Internet Watch Foundation (IWF)
• Online reporting
• Links to relevant websites
• Tools for choosing appearance of the page
• Searches within IWF using keywords or phrases
Features:
IWF is the UK hotline for reporting illegal content specifically
It acts upon child sexual abuse content hosted worldwide and criminally
obscene and incitement to racial hatred content hosted in the UK

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Internet Watch Foundation (IWF)
(cont’d)
• Go to http://www.iwf.org.uk/
• To report against illegal content, click “Click here Report Illegal
Content”
How to use it:

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Internet Watch Foundation
(IWF): Screenshot

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International Centre for Missing &
Exploited Children (ICMEC)
ICMEC founded in 1998 and launched by the U.S.
It works to identify and coordinate a global network of organizations fighting
child-sexual exploitation and abduction

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International Centre for Missing
& Exploited Children (ICMEC)

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National Center for Missing &
Exploited Children (NCMEC)
• Go to http://www.missingkids.com/cybertip/
• Click the arrow besides Cyber Tipline
• Enter the form as required
• Enter the URL that is showcasing child pornography
• Submit the report
How to report:
NCMEC is the non-profit anti-child-pornography organization
It provides a resource for a better understanding about child pornography
It offers a cyber tipline to report abuse

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National Center for Missing & Exploited
Children (NCMEC): Screenshot

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Child Victim Identification
Program (CVIP)
CVIP is the world's largest database of child pornography
It is maintained by:
• The Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section of the United States Department of Justice
• The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC)
It assists law enforcement and prosecution teams with child-pornography evidence
to help prosecutor to learn:
• Full range of crimes committed in each case
• Maximize sentences available for each charge
• Attempt to identify the location of unidentified child sexual exploitation victims

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Child Victim Identification
Program: Screenshot

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Financial Coalition Against Child
Pornography (FCACP)
FCACP is a coalition of credit card issuers and Internet services
companies which seeks to eliminate commercial child pornography
It merged with the International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children
(ICMEC) and NCMEC
Thirty companies have joined ICMEC and the NCMEC to create FCACP
FCACP includes leading banks, credit card companies, third-party
payment companies, and Internet services companies

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Perverted Justice
• Pose as underage children in chat rooms
• Use a fake online screen name
• Wait for predators to instigate conversation with
them
It recruits volunteer contributors
who:
Perverted Justice is a website for investigating, identifying, or publicizing
users in chat rooms with predatory tendencies towards children

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National Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Children (NSPCC)
NSPCC protects children from cruelty, supports vulnerable
families, campaigns for changes to the law, and raises
awareness about abuse
The main aim is to have a society where all children are
loved, valued, and able to fulfill their potential
It has 177 community-based projects and runs the Child
Protection Helpline and ChildLine in the UK and the
Channel Islands
http://www.childline.org.uk/ is the service provided by
NSPCC which helps users know about abuse or porn

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National Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) (cont’d)
• To mobilize everyone to take action to end child cruelty
• To give children the help, support, and environment they need to stay
safe from cruelty
• To find ways of working with communities to keep children safe from
cruelty
• To be, and be seen as, someone to turn to for children and young people
NSPCC has set four objectives that help it in
reaching its goal:

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Canadian Centre for Child
Protection
• Reduce the incidence of missing and sexually
exploited children
• Educate the public on child personal safety
and sexual exploitation
• Assist in finding the location of missing children
• Advocate for and increase awareness about issues
relating to child sexual exploitation
Mission:
The Canadian Centre for Child Protection (CCCP) is a charitable organization
dedicated to the personal safety of all children
Goal of CCCP is to reduce child victimization by providing programs and services to
Canadians

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Canadian Centre for Child
Protection: Screenshot

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http://cybertip.ca/
• Go to http://cybertip.ca/
• Click on “Click here to report”
• Write details about the child porn site
Procedure to report about child
porn:
Cybertip.ca is Canada’s national tipline for reporting the online sexual
exploitation of children

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http://cybertip.ca/: Screenshot

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Association of Sites Advocating
Child Protection (ASACP)
• Reporting child pornography hotline
• Organizing the efforts of the online adult industry
• Helping parents to prevent children from viewing age-
inappropriate material online
It battles pornography through:
ASACP is an organization dedicated to eliminating child pornography from
the Internet

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ASACP: Screenshot

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Web Sites Against Child Porn
(WSACP)
WSACP is an anti-child-pornography organization
It offers online reporting against a site by submitting the URL
It provides news and resources related to child pornography

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http://www.reportchildporn.com/
• A way to report child porn
• An avenue to discuss problems related to child porn
It offers:
Reportchildporn.com is a hotline for webmasters and surfers to report
suspected child pornography

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http://www.reportchildporn.com/:
Screenshot

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Child Focus
• It provides active support in the investigation of
disappearance, abduction, or sexual exploitation of children
• It supports and encourages the investigation and the legal
measures
• It ensures follow-up to the cases that are entrusted to it and
participates in the counseling of victims
Features
European Centre for Missing and Sexually Exploited Children, operating under the
name of Child Focus, is a foundation under Belgian law recognized as a public utility

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Child Focus: Screenshot

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StopChildPorno.be
• Go to http://www.stopchildporno.be/index.php?language=en
• Click on report a site
• In procedure, check either “I want to be anonymous” or “I want to be
informed” and click continue
• Indicate which type of report you want to submit
• Copy and paste the URL of the website
How to report:
StopChildPorno.be is the Belgian civil hotline for reporting child abuse
images found on the Internet

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StopChildPorno.be: Screenshot

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Summary
Child Pornography can be defined as any work that center on the activities involving
sexual behavior of children
It includes production, distribution, and downloading of the film, video, picture, and
images of children
Images and pictures are distributed through e-mails, chat room, newsgroups, and web
cam
Child Pornography causes physical, social, and psychological effects on children
During investigation of the offender’s computer, hand-held devices, and servers are the
main sources of evidence
Antichildporn.org (ACPO) is an organization, comprised of volunteers from all around
the world, whose mission is to stop the sexual exploitation of the world's children
Send report about Child Pornography to website http://www.antichildporn.org/

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