, on 7 January, Chinese authorities confirmed that they had identified a new virus. The new virus is a coronavirus, which is a family of viruses that include the common cold, and viruses such as SARS and MERS. This new virus was temporarily named “2019-nCoV

1. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
Dr Muhammed Aslam
Specialist Pulmonologist
International Modern Hospital Dubai
26/01/2020

3. INTRODUCTION
● On 31 December 2019, WHO was alerted to several cases
of pneumonia in Wuhan City, China.
● One week later, on 7 January, Chinese authorities
confirmed that they had identified a new virus. The new
virus is a coronavirus, which is a family of viruses that
include the common cold, and viruses such as SARS and
MERS.
● This new virus was temporarily named “2019-nCoV.”

5. UAE

8. Human coronaviruses
● Enveloped non-segmented RNA viruses
● There are seven known strains of human coronaviruses:
1. Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E)
2. Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43)
3. SARS-CoV
4. Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63, New Haven coronavirus)
5. Human coronavirus HKU1
6. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV),
previously known as novel coronavirus 2012 and HCoV-EMC.
7. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as Wuhan
coronavirus

9. Coronavirus
● Most human coronavirus infections are mild
● Mortality rates of 15% for SARS and 37% for
MERS
● The coronaviruses already identified might only be
the tip of the iceberg, with potentially more novel
and severe zoonotic events to be revealed.

10. Coronavirus-Mode of spread
● Coronaviruses are zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted
between animals and people.
● Coronaviruses are common in many different species of
animals, including camels, cattle, cats, and bats.
● SARS-CoV was transmitted from civet cats to humans and
MERS-CoV from dromedary camels to humans.

11. In China - Mode of spread
● Early on, many of the patients in the outbreak in Wuhan,
China reportedly had some link to a large seafood and
animal market, suggesting animal-to-person spread.
● However, a growing number of patients reportedly have not
had exposure to animal markets, suggesting person-to-
person spread is occurring.

12. Huanan Seafood Market in the central city of Wuhan

13. Snakes for sale at the market

14. Two workers are skinning rodents

15. Human to Human Transmission
Human coronaviruses most commonly spread from an
infected person to others through
● the air by coughing and sneezing
● close personal contact, such as touching or shaking
hands
● touching an object or surface with the virus on it, then
touching your mouth, nose, or eyes before washing your
hands
● rarely, fecal contamination

18. Clinical features
Patients with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection have reportedly
had mild to severe respiratory illness with symptoms of:
● fever
● cough
● shortness of breath
CDC believes at this time that symptoms of 2019-nCoV may
appear in as few as 2 days or as long as 14 after exposure.

19. SURVEILLANCE CASE DEFINITION
Suspected nCoV-2019 is defined as:
A person with acute respiratory illness (fever with cough and/or
shortness of breath) and any of the following:
1. A history of travel to China in the 14 days prior to symptoms
onset.
2. A close physical contact in the past 14 days with a confirmed
case of nCoV-2019 infection.

20. SURVEILLANCE CASE DEFINITION
Confirmed 2019-nCoV is defined as: a suspected case with
laboratory confirmation of nCoV-2019 infection

21. Laboratory Diagnosis

22. Laboratory diagnosis
● At this stage, the laboratory testing for 2019-nCoV is performed
at the national public health lab ONLY.
● Testing is performed to confirm a clinically suspected case and
to screen contacts.

23. Laboratory diagnosis
● It is advised that lower respiratory specimens such as
sputum, endotracheal aspirate, or Broncho alveolar lavage
be used when possible.
● If patients do not have signs or symptoms of lower
respiratory tract infection or lower tract specimens are not
possible or clinically indicated, nasopharyngeal specimens
should be collected

25. Treatment
● There is no specific antiviral treatment recommended for
2019-nCoV infection.
● Intensive supportive care with the treatment of symptoms
is the main approach to manage the infection in people.

26. Vaccine to prevent nCoV2019
● There is currently no vaccine to prevent 2019-nCoV
infection.
● The best way to prevent infection is to avoid being
exposed to this virus.

31. Advice for the public

32. Disclaimer !!
This presentation documents a current event. Information may change rapidly
as the event progresses, and initial reports may be unreliable. The contents in
this article may not reflect the most current information. Please feel free to
improve your knowledge from other updated sources .This article is updated till
26/01/2020 only.