episode 51 AFDCl with Mark Cruz and Barry Raphael

1. Egil
Harvold
A History of Myofunctional Orthodontics
George
Catlin
1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Norman
Kingsley
Julius
Wolff
J. Sim
Wallace
Edward
H.Angle
Andresen
and
Haupl
Alfred P.
Rogers
Chris Farrell,
John Flutter
You
Allan G.
Brodie
Westin
Price
Bimler,
Balters,
Frankel
Tom
Graber
Melvin
Moss
Donald
Enlow
Charlie
Tweed
Daniel
Garliner
Robert
Little
John
Mew

2. Wilhelm Roux
•German anatomist, physiologist
investigated the mechanisms of functional
adaptations of bones, cartilage, and
tendons to malformation and disease.
Conceptualized “Functional Orthopedics”
…. “to learn new neuromuscular
performance patterns and to provide
security and ease in their performance of
muscle exercises and training.”
(1850- 1924)

3. Alfred P. Rogers
•Angle School, 1903
•taught at Harvard
•private practice in Boston
•past president of the AAO
•total-child approach and advocated
muscular exercises to improve neck,
head, and tongue posture and
encourage nasal breathing
•treated many so-called “skeletal
Class II” cases ONLY with exercise.
1873-1959

4. “Our teachers have recognized the importance
of muscular pressure in its normal conduct as
well as in its abnormal conduct, but here we
seem to have stopped, assuming that with the
correction of the faulty osseous formation
and cusp relation, nature, somehow or other,
would establish the correct muscular tone
and muscular habits…”
Alfred P. Rogers, 1918 to the A.S.O
Alfred P. Rogers, 1918 to the A.S.O

6. MM exercise alone
“ I find that in the
treatment of the
majority of my cases
this method can be
used to advantage.”
A.R. 1922
27mm 33mm
31mm 35.5mm
“She was taught to
•place her arches in a position of
mechanical advantage…
• make conscious and persistent
effort to contract and relax this
group.”

7. Pterygoid exercise
Proper, systematic exercise alone will be found
to do more than any other thing to promote
harmonious development. - A.R. 1918
•“Throw the mandible
forward as far as possible
•Hold for 10 seconds
•Relax slightly and repeat”
•These muscles are the
“intermaxillary elastics of
nature”.

8. Early works by Alfred P Rogers
“Exercises for the Development of the Muscles of the Face with
aView to Increasing Their Functional Activity. Dental Cosmos,
October, 1918.
“Muscle Training and Its Relation to Orthodontia.” Dental Items
of Interest, 1919, xli.
“Stimulating Arch Development by the Exercise of the Masseter-
Temporal Group of Muscles. International Journal of
Orthodontia, February, 1922, viii.
“Making Facial Muscles Our Allies in Treatment and Retention.”
Dental Cosmos, July, 1922.
“Coordinating Natural and Artificial Methods of Treatment. ”
International Journal of Orthodontia, February, 1924, x.
“ Simplifying Orthodontic Treatment. International Journal of
Orthodontia, June, 1926, xii.”