Albania (English Version)

1. Project English
Title:I love differences
Made by:Egli Tafa
Albi Shani

2. 2.Where I am?
• Albania , officially known as the Republic of
Albania (Albanian: Republika e Shqipërisë; Albania is a country
in Southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Montenegro to the
northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east,
and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to
the west and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. It is less than 72 km
(45 mi) from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which connects the Adriatic
Sea to the Ionian Sea.
Flag

3. History
• Prehistory
• The history of Albania emerged from the prehistoric stage from the 4th century BC,
with early records of Illyria in Greco-Roman historiography. The modern territory
of Albania has no counterpart in antiquity, comprising parts of the Roman
provinces of Dalmatia (southern Illyricum) and Macedonia (particularly Epirus
Nova).
• Middle Ages
• The territory now known as Albania remained under Roman (Byzantine) control
until the Slavs began to overrun it from 548 and onward, and was captured
by Bulgarian Empire in the 9th century. After the weakening of the Byzantine
Empire and the Bulgarian Empire in the middle and late 13th century, some of the
territory of modern-day Albania was captured by the Serbian Principality. In
general, the invaders destroyed or weakened Roman and Byzantine cultural centers
in the lands that would become Albania.

4. Independence
• At the All-Albanian Congress in Vlorë on 28 November 1912[ Congress
participants constituted the Assembly of Vlorë.The assembly of eighty-three leaders
meeting in Vlorë in November 1912 declared Albania an independent country and
set up a provisional government. The complete text of the declaration stated the
following:
• In Vlora, on the 28th of November, the President of Albania was Ismail Kemal Bey
who spoke of the great perils facing Albania today. The delegates have all decided
unanimously that Albania, as of today, should be on her own free and independent.
• Albania's independence was recognized by the Conference of London on 29 July
1913, but the drawing of the borders of the newly established Principality of
Albania ignored the demographic realities of the time.

5. Ismail Qemali and his cabinet during the celebration of
the first anniversary of independence in Vlorë on 28
November 1913.

6. Albanian Peasants costumes - illustration by Percy
Anderson for Costume Fanciful, Historical and
Theatrical, 1906

7. Government
• The Albanian republic is a parliamentary democracy established under a
constitution renewed in 1998. Elections are held every four years to the
140-seat unicameral Assembly of the Republic of Albania. In June 2002, a
compromise candidate, Alfred Moisiu, former Army General, was elected
to succeed President Rexhep Meidani. After parliamentary elections in July
2005, Sali Berisha, the leader of the Democratic Party, became prime
minister, while on 20 July 2007 Bamir Topi became president. The current
Albanian president Bujar Nishani was elected by Parliament in July 2012.
Cabinet of
Albania Logo

8. Geography
• Albania has a total area of 28,748 square kilometres (11,100 square miles). It lies
between latitudes 39° and 43° N, and mostly between longitudes 19° and 21° E (a
small area lies east of 21°). Albania's coastline length is 476 km (296 mi) and
extends along the Adriatic and Ionian Seas. The lowlands of the west face the
Adriatic Sea.The 70% of the country that is mountainous is rugged and often
inaccessible from the outside. The highest mountain is Korab situated in the district
of Dibër, reaching up to 2,764 metres (9,068 ft). The climate on the coast is
typically Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and warm, sunny, and rather dry
summers.
A satellite image of Albania

9. Climate
• With its coastline facing the Adriatic and Ionian seas, its
highlands backed upon the elevated Balkan landmass, and the
entire country lying at a latitude subject to a variety of weather
patterns during the winter and summer seasons, Albania has a
high number of climatic regions relative to its landmass. The
coastal lowlands have typically Mediterranean climate; the
highlands have a Mediterranean continental climate. In both
the lowlands and the interior, the weather varies markedly
from north to south.

10. The Albanian Riviera,
panoramic view
Landscape of
Albanian countryside

11. Flora and fauna
• Although a small country, Albania is distinguished for its rich biological diversity.
The variation of geomorphology, climate and terrain create favorable conditions for
a number of endemic and sub-endemic species with 27 endemic and 160
subendemic vascular plants present in the country. The total number of plants is
over 3250 species, approximately 30% of the entire flora species found in
Europe.Over a third of the territory of Albania – about 10,000 square kilometres
(3,861 square miles);– is forested and the country is very rich in flora. About 3,000
different species of plants grow in Albania, many of which are used for medicinal
purposes.Phytogeographically, Albania belongs to the Boreal Kingdom,
the Mediterranean Region and the Illyrian province of theCircumboreal Region.
Coastal regions and lowlands have typical Mediterranean macchia vegetation,
whereas oak forests and vegetation are found on higher elevations. Vast forests
of black pine, beech and fir are found on higher mountains and alpine
grasslands grow at elevations above 1800 meters

12. • There are around 760 vertebrate species found so far in Albania. Among these there
are over 350 bird species, 330 freshwater and marine fish and 80 mammal species.
There are some 91 globally threatened species found within the country, among
which the Dalmatian pelican, Pygmy cormorant, and the European sea sturgeon.
Rocky coastal regions in the south provide good habitats for the
endangered Mediterranean monk seal.Some of the most significant bird species
found in the country include the golden eagle – known as the national symbol of
Albania– vulture species, capercaillie and numerous waterfowl. The Albanian
forests still maintain significant communities of large mammals such as the brown
bear, gray wolf, chamois and wild boar.The north and eastern mountains of the
country are home to the last remaining Balkan Lynx – a critically endangered
population of the Eurasian lynx

13. The lynx still survives in
Albania.
Golden eagle–the national
symbol of Albania

14. Tourism
• A large part of Albania's national income comes from tourism. Tourism - as of
2013 - funds 10% of its gross domestical product, and this is expected to increase.
Albania welcomed around 4.2 million visitors in 2012, mostly from neighbouring
countries and the European Union. In 2011, Albania was recommended as a top
travel destination, by Lonely Planet.In 2014, Albania was nominated number 4
global touristic destination by the New York Times.The number of tourists has
increased by 20% for 2014 as well.The bulk of the tourist industry is concentrated
along the Adriatic and the Ionian Sea coast. The latter has the most beautiful and
pristine beaches, and is often called the Albanian Riviera. Albanian seaside has a
considerable length of 360 km, including even the lagoon area which you find
within. The seaside has a particular character because it is rich in varieties of sandy
beaches, capes, coves, covered bays, lagoons, small gravel beaches, sea caves etc.
Some parts of this seaside are very clean ecologically, which represent in this
prospective unexplored areas, very rare in Mediterranean area. The increase in
foreign visitors is dramatic, Albania had only 500,000 visitors in 2005, while in
2012 had an estimated 4.2 million tourists, an increase of 740% in only 7 years.

15. Ancient ruins of Butrint Beach in Himarë on the Albanian Riviera
Spectacular Lake Koman Ferry only
comparable to the Scandinavian fjords

16. Seaside town of Saranda across
from Corfu
Albanian Alps in northern Albania
UNESCO World Heritage Site of Berat Gjirokastër, the city of stone

17. • Albania is home to two World Heritage Sites (Berat and Gjirokastër are listed
together)
• Butrint, an ancient Greek and Roman city
• Gjirokastër, a well-preserved Ottoman medieval town
• Berat, the 'town of a thousand and one windows‘
• The following is the UNESCO Tentative List of Albania:
• Gashi River and Rrajca (latter part of Shebenik-Jabllanica National Park) under
Primeval Beech forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech forests of
Germany
• Durrës Amphitheatre
• Ancient Tombs of Lower Selca
• Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid Region
• Ancient City of Apollonia

18. Language
• Albanian is the official language of Albania. Its standard spoken and written form is
revised and merged from the two main dialects, Gheg and Tosk, though it is notably
based more on the Tosk dialect. Shkumbin river is the rough dividing line between
the two dialects. Also a dialect of Greek that preserves features now lost in
standard modern Greek is spoken in areas inhabited by the Greek minority. Other
languages spoken by ethnic minorities in Albania
include Vlach, Serbian, Macedonian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Gorani,
and Roma.Macedonian is official in Pustec Municipality in East Albania.
Map showing the various dialects
of Albanian in Albania, Kosovo,
Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia,
Italy and Greece

19. Culture
• Albanian folk music falls into three stylistic groups, with other important music
areas around Shkodër and Tirana; the major groupings are the Ghegs of the north and
southern Labs and Tosks. The northern and southern traditions are contrasted by the "rugged
and heroic" tone of the north and the "relaxed" form of the south.These disparate styles are
unified by "the intensity that both performers and listeners give to their music as a medium
for patriotic expression and as a vehicle carrying the narrative of oral history", as well as
certain characteristics like the use of rhythms such as 3/8, 5/8 and 10/8.The first compilation
of Albanian folk music was made by Pjetër Dungu in 1940. Albanian folk songs can be
divided into major groups, the heroic epics of the north, and the sweetly melodic lullabies,
love songs, wedding music, work songs and other kinds of song. The music of various
festivals and holidays is also an important part of Albanian folk song, especially those that
celebrate St. Lazarus Day, which inaugurates the springtime. Lullabies andvajtims are very
important kinds of Albanian folk song, and are generally performed by solo women.

20. A dark page of story of Albania
In 1913 The Conference of Ambasadors in London deside to
dissmember albanian land and give our territories others
states.This is a big crime but albanian voice never heard .Now we
lives separated and for other territories that are not with Albania
ther states try to asimileted the albanian culture.

21. In 1991 with fallen of communism all country was in misery.There was no hope
for built a new life in Albania.The only way is to go on other countries like Italy
or Greece.The exodus of Albania happened.More than the half of the population
left the country and go in Italy.Most f them people still lives and works in Italy.
“The Great Exodus of Albania”

22. 1997 the pyramidal firms falimeted.Peoples in Albanian lost a lot of money and this
caus angry.People around the Albania stole from state over 1 million ammo and Civil
War.State doesn’t functions anymore.Everywhere has thiefs,murder and the economic
situation was very bad.In march 1997 was form a new goverment.With this the situation
normalized.
A picture from ‘97

23. 21 January 2011 is another plague of Albania history.It never forget from mind who
lived that day.In 21 January has gonna be a.That take out of control and the army has
called to disband peoples but the army open fire againist the civillian population.Four
mens are killed.Four families are destroyed.These are some of great plague of Albania,
but are many others that wait to show up in light.
21 January 2011