Occupational Safety II

1. CONSTRUCTION SAFETY
B.E.A.T Consultancy Sdn. Bhd.
1

2. 2
View of construction activities in
progress

3. SCOPE
• Definition and Legislative needs
• Construction base activities
• Tools & Machinery that usually use
• Construction site hazard
• Types of accident
• Safety & health management for
construction
3

4. DEFINITION
FACTORY & MACHINERY ACTS
1967
(Building Operations and works of
Engineering Construction) (Safety
Regulations 1986)
Define the Building Operation:
• construction, structure renovation,
recovery for building (renovation,
external clearance for the building) and
building demolition. 4

5. 5

6. Legislation Needs
1) OSHA 1994
• Employer general duty
– Employ Safety & Health Officer
– Duty to formulate Safety and Health Policy
(section 16)
– Form a Safety & health Committee (section
30)
6

7. OSH Act (Safety & Health Officer)
Regulations, 1996
– Registered with DOSH
Legislation Needs
7

8. 8
Legislation Needs
Safety and Health officer Order 1997
– S&H Officer if the project value exceeded
RM20 million whether fro:
a) Building operation
b) Construction Engineering

9. 2) FMA 1967
• General provision involving machinery
qualification, Installation and
occupational (under FMA 1967);
• FMA regulation ( Building operation and
Works of Engineering Construction
(Safety) Regulations, 1986
– Safety & Health provision for
activities, tools and employer.
Legislation Needs
9

10. Activity in Construction Site
• Piling
• Concrete work
• Demolition
• Bricks absorbing
• wire installation/
electric cable, tube
• welding
• handling/
transportation for
construction substance
10

11. • Installation
• form work
• painting
• raw materials
transportation
• cleaning
• machine operation
Activity in Construction Site (Cont)
11

12. 12

13. Machinery/tools on construction Site
MACHINERY USES
Crane (Moving/tower) / Skip
hoist
Lifting objects
Passenger hoist Lifting employee
Bending machine
Cutting machine
cut iron, wood and plywood
Excavator Burrow ground (hole/pit)
Piling machine & frame planting column / construction structure
Lifting Lorry Lifting Construction substance
Cement lorry (Batching
plant)
Cement transportation
13

14. Equipment in Construction Site
• hand apparatus easy authority tools
(hammer, chisel)
• stairs
• scaffold (stay & move)
• Air Compressor
• Hammer /Drill
• Generator set
• welding tools
14

15. 15
Scaffold – 65m tall

16. Construction Hazard
• heat
• noise
• Mineral dust
• mechanical
• electric
• radiation
• chemical substance
• ergonomic problem
• biological
• work at height
• work in narrow space
• lightning
• Suffocation
16

17. Types of Accidents in Construction
Site
• fall from height
• fall from same level
• structure collapse
• electric shock
• wedged between object
• Suffocation
• Collide/hit with falling object
17

18. Fall from Height
• Stairs
• Work Platform
• roof (top)
• through aperture floor
• open edge
18

19. Causes Factor
• No fences
• no equipment checking
• equipment installing is not competent
• no safety harness
• Stair design failure
• Stair in wrong position
Fall from Height
19

20. 20

21. Fall on the same Level
• wire on the floor
• slippery floor
Causes Factor:
• no cleanliness at workplace
• no equipment storage
• No cleanliness performing
21

22. Structure Collapse
• Accident during working /formwork
Causes Factor :
• No ground adherent installation
• no guidelines and job procedure
• excess load
• structure failure
22

23. Electric shock
Causes Factor:
• touching electric
current through
damage cable
• damage equipment
• no prevention
equipment for electric
tool
23

24. Suffocation
• narrow spaces (tank, small room, etc..)
• shortage of oxygen
• water pond
Causes :
• no adequate ventilation
• no exhaust vacuum
• no guidelines for safe working system
• no training and lack of knowledge
24

25. Collide with Vehicles
Causes :
• No special passage for employee
• No fences
• No regulation or traffic enforcement in the
area
• No vehicle checking
• Driver are not trained
25

26. Safety & Health Management in
Construction
Strategy:
• form a safety & health Committee
• Recognize the hazard in work are
• define the risk
• Plan & arrange Safety & Health Steps
26

27. Employer control :
• legislate safety & health policy
• hire Safety & Health Officer (depends to
cost appraisal project)
• hire site base Safety Supervisor
• Re-enforce the safety rules in work
Safety & Health Management in
Construction
27

28. • Supervise high risk activities
• Provide safety & health training to all employees
• Provide PPE to employees
• Provide a safety procedure for all activities
• Provide right & safe equipment
• Investigate any accident that happen
• Checks work area
• Create a communication system
• Warning sign
Safety & Health Management in
Construction
28

29. 29

30. Construction safety
Summary
• Variety activities on construction site
are potential to cause hazard and
accident
• There are Safety & health Legislative
under FMA 1967 & OSHA 1994
• Employer should manage all the safety
and health to ensure employee safety
and obey the need of legislation
30

31. 31
Maintained good housekeeping

32. 32
Identify 10 hazards in this slide

33. 33
Identify 10 hazards on this slide

34. 34
Questions
• What is the related regulation associated with safety in
the construction industry?
• What are the three legal requirements stipulated in the
BOWEC?
• Who are the workers covered under the OSHA 1994?
• Who are not covered under OSHA 1994 and why?
• What is the requirement of SHO as stipulated in OSHA
1994?
• What is the composition of Safety and Health committee
as stipulated in the OSHA 1994?
• What are the functions of the safety and health policy as
stipulated in OSHA 1994?

35. 35
Questions
• What is the roles and responsibilities as stipulated in the
safety and health committee regulations 1996?
• Under which section of the OSHA 1994 that employer
must formulate the safety and health policy?
• What are the hazards that workers may encounter while
working in the confined space?
• What are the safety requirements as stipulated in the
BOWEC?