Attitude and behaviour at work

1. Attitude and Behavior at Work
(Gelagat dan kelakuan di tempat
kerja)
www.slideshare.net/eizelldino

2. Learning objectives:
 What is conformity?
 Attitudes at work
 How rights to privacy interpreted?
 Bases for discrimination at work.
 Different approaches to discipline.
 The individual’s responsibilities to the organization.
 Conflict and its resolution.
 What is group dynamics?
 What is informal organization?
 What is informal communication?

3. Attitudes at Work
 Job satisfaction- is measurable whether looking at
the hygiene or motivating factors or its various
facet, yet it remains a mystery as to how it impacts
productivity and efficiency.
 Job satisfaction can be define as how an individual
feels about his jobs.
 Organizational Commitment define how a person
identifies with and feels a part of the organization.
 Job involvement can be define how willing is the
person to work hard and to apply efforts beyond
normal job satisfaction.

4. Attitudes at Work
 How to promote Job Satisfaction
4 major principles
1. Combine jobs, enabling workers to perform the entire
job (skill variety, task identity)
2. Establish client relationship, allowing providers of a
service to meet the recipients (skill
variety, autonomy, feedback).
3. Loads job vertically, allowing greater responsibility and
control over work (autonomy).
4. Open feedback channel, giving workers knowledge of
the results of their work (feedback).
This principles base on job characteristics models, jobs
can be designed to incorporate the core job
dimensions responsible for enhancing motivation and
performance

5. Attitudes at Work
 Greenberg and Baron (1997) Ways of improve job
satisfaction
1. Pay people fairly (people who believe their
organizations’ pay systems are inherently unfair, tend to
be dissatisfied with their jobs-salary and benefits).
2. Improve the quality of supervision (research shows that
people with poor bosses are four times likely to leave
the company).
3. Decentralize the control of organizational power (allow
people to participate in decision making).
4. Match people to jobs that are congruent with their
interest.

6. Attitudes at Work
 Effect of Job Dissatisfaction
Two main effects are employee withdrawal
(absenteeism and turn over) and job performance.

7. What is conformity?
 Conformity is following the norms of others without
independent thinking.
 Three general situations to what does one conform:
1) An individual conforms to the organization that has
employed him/her.
2) The individual may conform to the informal work
group
3) The individual may conform to the external
environment.

8. Right of privacy
 Issue related to intrusion of an individual’s private life
and the unauthorized release of the person’s
information, which could cause suffering or harm to
the person in question.

9. Bases of Discrimination at
Work
 Racial discrimination
 Colour discrimination
 Religious discrimination
 Handicap discrimination
 Age discrimination
 National Origin discrimination
 Sexual Harassment

10. Discipline
 The act of influencing behaviour through reprimand.
Two types of discipline
Preventive discipline
 Action taken to encourage employees to follow
rules and regulations to avoid violation of the law.
Corrective discipline
 Action that follows the breach of a law or rule.

11. The Individual’s responsibilities
to the organization.
 Organizational Citizenship refers to the extent to
which an employee goes beyond his or her job
descriptions to help the organization achieve its
mission and goals.
 Ethical leadership define as leadership based on
ethics is required to manage
bribery, fraud, misappropriation of funds and other
forms of white collar crimes.
 Whistle Blowing define as is the act of disclosing
misconduct to an internal or external source.

12. Interpersonal Behaviour
and Conflict
Management.
 Conflict management can be described as requires
managing conflicts for an organization to succeed.
It requires its employees to work as a team, working
and communicating with one another.
 Interpersonal conflict takes place within the
employee himself or herself, between individuals or
groups, and across organizations.

13. Interpersonal Behaviour
and Conflict
Management.
Effects of conflict:
Positive effect
1) Is that people are encouraged or motivated to look for
approaches that will resolve the issues.
2) Problems are brought out in the open where members of the
group will have the opportunity to come face to face with
problems and have the opportunity to suggest solutions.
3) As employees are engaged in the decision making, they
may become more committed to the outcome.

14. Interpersonal Behavior
and Conflict
Management.
Effects of conflict:
Negative effect
1) May become intense overtime.
2) Cooperation and teamwork may also deteriorate while
distrust and hatred among members may develop.

15. Managing Conflict:
Resolution Strategies
 Management can also use their power to resolve
conflicts and motivate units to corporate.
 In addition, various other methods for conflict
resolution are to establish a procedural system that
allows parties to air their grievances or use a third -
party negotiator.
 Management sometimes also resolves conflict by
exchanging/rotating/terminating individuals.

16. Managing Conflict:
Resolution Strategies
 Assertive behaviour
Is the process of expressing feelings, asking for
legitimate changes, and giving and receiving
honest feedback without aggressiveness.
 Transactional analysis
Is the study of social transaction between people
may it be in the assertive or non assertive manner.

17. Group Dynamics, Informal
Organizations and
Informal Communication
 Group Dynamics is the social process by which
people interact face to face in small groups.
 Informal Groups is a network of personal and social
relations not established by the formal organization.
 Informal Communication is not controlled by the
management of the formal organization and does
not follow the official chain of command.

18. Review questions
1. What are different attitudes at work?
2. What is conformity?
3. What does the right of privacy refer to?
4. Identify the bases for discrimination at work.
5. What are the different approaches to discipline?
6. List the individual’s responsibilities to the
organization.
7. Discuss the strategies of conflict resolution.
8. What are informal organizations?