SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 36
Download to read offline
Prepared by:ABHISHEK RAJPUT







PROCESS OF TANNERY INDUSTRY.
WASTE GENERATION POINTS.
CHARACTERSTICS OF WASTE
WATER, DISCHARGED FROM TANNERY
INDUSTRY.
TREATMENT SCHEMES FOR WASTE WATER.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY.
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)
Preparatory stages
Tanning and Crusting

Surface coating
The preparatory stages are when hide/skin is
prepared for tanning.Many options for
pretreatment of skin exist.Not all of the options
may be performed.Preparatory stages may
include: Preservation-the hide/skin is treated with a
method which renders it temporarily.
unputrescible.
 Soaking-water for purpose of washing or
rehydration is reintroduced.
 Liming-unwanted proteins and “opening up” is
achieved.









Unhairing-the majority of hair is removed.
Fleshing-subcutaneous material is removed.
Splitting-the hide/skin is cut into two or
more horizontal layer.
Reliming-the hide/skin is further treated to
achieve more “opening up” or more protein
removal.
Deliming-liming & unhairing chemicals are
removed this step.
Bating-proteolytic proteins are introduced to
the skin to remove further proteins and to
assist with softening of the pelt.








Degreasing-natural fats/oils are stripped
or as much as is possible from the hide
skin.
Frizing-physical removal of fat layer
inside the skin.
Bleaching-chemical modification of dark
pigments to yield a lighter coloured pelt.
Pickling-lowering of pH value to the
acidic region. Must be done in presence
of salt.
Depickling-raising of the pH out of the
acidic region.
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)
SOAKING HIDES.
TRIMMING.


Tanning is the process that converts the
protein of the raw hide or skin into a stable
material which will not putrefy and is
suitable for a wide variety of end applications.
Tanned material dries out to a flexible form.
That does not become putrid when wetted
back.


Crusting is when the hide/skin is
thinned, retanned and lubricating often a
coloring operation is included in the crusting
sub process. The chemicals added during
crusting have to be fixed in place. The
culmination of the crusting sub process is the
drying and softening operation.














For some leathers a surface coating is applied. Tanners
refer to this as finishing. Finishing may include:Oiling
Brushing
Padding
Spraying
Roller coating
Curtain coating
Polishing
Plating
Embossing
Ironing
Combing
Glazing
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)










Maximum waste generation points in
tannery industry are processes such as:
Soaking:-generation of waste water.
Unhairing:-waste generation.
fleshing:-subcutaneous material waste
generation.
Splitting.
Trimming.
Bleaching.
Bating.
Deliming.
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)
pH

8.2-8.9

Alkalinity(mg/l)

2000-2700

Total BOD(mg/l)

2000-3100

Soluble BOD(mg/l)

1670-2600

Total COD(mg/l)

4500-7500

Soluble COD(mg/l)

25000-37000

Chlorine(mg/l)

10000-15000

Sulphates(mg/l)

1540-3300

Chromium(mg/l)

160-300








SOLIDS:-Solids to be found in tannery
effluent fall into several distinct categories:SUSPENDED SOLIDS:-Quality of insoluble
matter contained in waste water.
SETTELEABLE SOLIDS:-Quantity of
solids, having tandency of settle down.
GROSS SOLIDS:-They are larger than a
sampling machine can handle.
ex-leather pieces,fleshing residue.








BOD:-Tanning waste have a long break
down period,this longer digestion periods
can apply to a variety of chemicals used in
manufacturing leather.
NITROGEN:-Nitrogen is contained in several
different compounds:Total kjeldahl nitrogen:-Nitrogen contained
in proteinaceous material(liming and
unhairing)
SULPHIDES:-Sulphide content is tannery
effluent result from the use of sodium
sulphide & sodium hydrosulphide.and the
breakdown of hair in unhairing process.









NEUTRAL SALTS:-Two common types of salts are
to be found in tannery effluent:Sulphates
Chlorides
OIL & GREASE:-During leather manufacture,natural
oils and grease are released from within the skin.
pH value:-acceptable limit ranges from 5.5 to
10.0.
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS:-Two forms of chrome
are associated with the tanning industry :Chrome 3+(trivalent chrome)
Chrome 6+(hexavalent chrome)
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)


Most solids can be removed using simple
sedimentation techniques with the solids
recovered as slurry or sludge. Very fine solids
and solids with densities close to the density
of water pose special problems. In such case
filtration may be required. Although
flocculation may be used, using alum salts or
the addition of polyelectrolysis.


Biodegradable organics material of plant or
animal origin is usually possible to treat
using extended conventional wastewater
treatment processes such as activated sludge
or trickling filters.


Activated sludge is a biochemical process for
treating sewage and industrial waste that
uses air(or oxygen) and micro-organisms to
biological oxidize organic
pollutants,producing a waste sludge(or floc)
containing the oxidizing material.
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)


A trickling filter process consists of bed of
rocks,gravel,slag,peat moss or plastic media over
which wastewater flows downwards and a contacts a
layer of microbial slims covering the bed
media.Aerobic conditions are maintained by forced
air flowing through the bed or by natural convection
air.The process involves adsorption of organic
compounds in wastewater by the microbial slime
layer, diffusion of air into the slime to provide the
oxygen required for the biochemical oxidation of
organic compounds .The end projects include carbon
dioxide gas,water and other products of oxidation.As
the slime layer thickness,it becomes the air to
penetrate the layer and an inner anaerobic layer is
formed.
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)




TREATMENT OF OTHER ORGANICS:Synthetic organics material including
solvents,paint,pharmaceuticals,pestri
cides,cooking products and so forth
can be very difficult to
treat.Treatment methods are often
specific to the material being
treated.Methods include advanced
oxidation
processing,distillation,adsorbtion,vitr
ification,incineration,chemical
immobilisation or landfill disposal.








TREATMENT OF ACIDS & ALKALIS:
Acids & alkalis can usually be neutralised
under controlled conditions.neutralisation
frequently produces a precipitate that will
require treatment as a solid residue that
may also be toxic.In some cases,gases may
be evolved requiring treatment for the gas
stream.Some other forms of treatment are
usually required following neutralisation.
OIL AND GREASE REMOVAL:
Oil and grease can be recovered from open
water surfaces by skimming devices.


Chromium, present in tannery effluent is
removed by using chromium salts(chromium
chloride as adsorbate) and cement kiln dust
(a waste from white cement industry) as
adsorbent.
DEMONSTRATION OF EFFECTIVE AND
EFFICIENT TANNERY EFFLUENT TREATMENT
USING AN INNOVATIVE INTEGRATED AND
COMPACT BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL
TREATMENT PLANT

Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)









A significant number of operations within a
tannery are wet operations consuming large
amounts of water, chemicals and energy and
leading to large amounts of polluted water.
Through “process integrated” measures a
significant reduction of water consumption
and pollution load can be achieved, however
tanneries keep producing wastewater
requiring special treatment. In cases where the
potential for “process integrated”
measures has worn out, further pollution
reduction has to be found in the improvement
of end-of-pipe measures.











Compared to Best Available Technology1 the following
effluent quality performance is demonstrated:
- better COD-removal efficiency (+ 5 to 10 %);
- better Chromium removal efficiency (+ 5 to 10 %);
- better Sulphur removal efficiency (+ 30 %);
- equal Nitrogen removal.

This all is being realised against lower total annual
cost than in the BAT situation as a result of:
- lower costs for sludge discharge (reduction sludge
volume 50 % compared to BAT);
- lower costs for discharging waste water to
municipal treatment plant;
- significantly lower chemical consumption.
Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)
QUERIES???????

More Related Content

What's hot

Leather Tanning Industry And their Waste Management
Leather Tanning Industry  And their Waste ManagementLeather Tanning Industry  And their Waste Management
Leather Tanning Industry And their Waste ManagementHarieHaren GV
 
Tannery Effluent treatment
Tannery Effluent treatmentTannery Effluent treatment
Tannery Effluent treatmentBillal Hossain
 
Textile effluent treatment
Textile effluent treatmentTextile effluent treatment
Textile effluent treatmentmona verma
 
Distillery Industry Waste and Its Treatment
Distillery Industry Waste and Its TreatmentDistillery Industry Waste and Its Treatment
Distillery Industry Waste and Its TreatmentLakhan Kumar
 
WASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
WASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRYWASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
WASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRYVANDANA TRIPATHI NAUTIYAL
 
Seminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatment
Seminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatmentSeminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatment
Seminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatmentShivani Gayakwad
 
Tannery waste
Tannery wasteTannery waste
Tannery wasteJay Kumar
 
Process of leather manufacturing
Process of leather manufacturingProcess of leather manufacturing
Process of leather manufacturingMagesh Kumaravel
 
Decolourization of textile waste water and dye effluent
Decolourization of textile waste water and dye effluentDecolourization of textile waste water and dye effluent
Decolourization of textile waste water and dye effluentمحمد حسنین شبیر
 
Biological wastewater treatment processes
Biological wastewater treatment processesBiological wastewater treatment processes
Biological wastewater treatment processesArvind Kumar
 
Textile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and management
Textile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and managementTextile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and management
Textile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and managementMd. Shamim Ahmed
 
Biodegradation of Azo Dye compounds
Biodegradation of Azo Dye compoundsBiodegradation of Azo Dye compounds
Biodegradation of Azo Dye compoundsPremier Publishers
 
Tanning industry waste
Tanning industry wasteTanning industry waste
Tanning industry wasteBharathM64
 
Waste water treatment
Waste water treatmentWaste water treatment
Waste water treatmentItiDubey3
 
Wastewater management in pulp and paper industry
Wastewater management in  pulp and paper industryWastewater management in  pulp and paper industry
Wastewater management in pulp and paper industryDaulat Ram Meena
 
Waste water treatment
Waste water treatmentWaste water treatment
Waste water treatmentKumar
 
Treatment of Waste
Treatment of WasteTreatment of Waste
Treatment of WasteM.T.H Group
 

What's hot (20)

tannery industry
tannery industrytannery industry
tannery industry
 
Leather Tanning Industry And their Waste Management
Leather Tanning Industry  And their Waste ManagementLeather Tanning Industry  And their Waste Management
Leather Tanning Industry And their Waste Management
 
Tannery Effluent treatment
Tannery Effluent treatmentTannery Effluent treatment
Tannery Effluent treatment
 
Textile effluent treatment
Textile effluent treatmentTextile effluent treatment
Textile effluent treatment
 
Distillery Industry Waste and Its Treatment
Distillery Industry Waste and Its TreatmentDistillery Industry Waste and Its Treatment
Distillery Industry Waste and Its Treatment
 
WASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
WASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRYWASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
WASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
 
Seminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatment
Seminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatmentSeminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatment
Seminar Dairy Industrial waste water treatment
 
Tannery waste
Tannery wasteTannery waste
Tannery waste
 
L tannery industry
L tannery industryL tannery industry
L tannery industry
 
Process of leather manufacturing
Process of leather manufacturingProcess of leather manufacturing
Process of leather manufacturing
 
Decolourization of textile waste water and dye effluent
Decolourization of textile waste water and dye effluentDecolourization of textile waste water and dye effluent
Decolourization of textile waste water and dye effluent
 
Biological wastewater treatment processes
Biological wastewater treatment processesBiological wastewater treatment processes
Biological wastewater treatment processes
 
Textile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and management
Textile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and managementTextile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and management
Textile dyeing industry: wastewater treatment and management
 
Waste water treatment
Waste water treatmentWaste water treatment
Waste water treatment
 
Biodegradation of Azo Dye compounds
Biodegradation of Azo Dye compoundsBiodegradation of Azo Dye compounds
Biodegradation of Azo Dye compounds
 
Tanning industry waste
Tanning industry wasteTanning industry waste
Tanning industry waste
 
Waste water treatment
Waste water treatmentWaste water treatment
Waste water treatment
 
Wastewater management in pulp and paper industry
Wastewater management in  pulp and paper industryWastewater management in  pulp and paper industry
Wastewater management in pulp and paper industry
 
Waste water treatment
Waste water treatmentWaste water treatment
Waste water treatment
 
Treatment of Waste
Treatment of WasteTreatment of Waste
Treatment of Waste
 

Viewers also liked

Treatment of industrial effluent
Treatment of industrial effluentTreatment of industrial effluent
Treatment of industrial effluentShehla Jabeen
 
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautam
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautamDairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautam
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautamarchana gautam
 
Presentation on cough cold & flu
Presentation on cough cold & fluPresentation on cough cold & flu
Presentation on cough cold & fluMuhammad Kamran
 
water treatment and diary technology
water treatment and diary technologywater treatment and diary technology
water treatment and diary technologyHimanshi Dubey
 
Dairy Industry Waste & its treatment
Dairy Industry Waste & its treatmentDairy Industry Waste & its treatment
Dairy Industry Waste & its treatmentPrasun Seal
 
Waste water management
Waste water managementWaste water management
Waste water managementSamyuktha Samy
 
Water treatment by demineralisation
Water treatment by demineralisationWater treatment by demineralisation
Water treatment by demineralisationceutics1315
 

Viewers also liked (10)

Treatment of industrial effluent
Treatment of industrial effluentTreatment of industrial effluent
Treatment of industrial effluent
 
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautam
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautamDairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautam
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautam
 
Presentation on cough cold & flu
Presentation on cough cold & fluPresentation on cough cold & flu
Presentation on cough cold & flu
 
water treatment and diary technology
water treatment and diary technologywater treatment and diary technology
water treatment and diary technology
 
Dairy Industry Waste & its treatment
Dairy Industry Waste & its treatmentDairy Industry Waste & its treatment
Dairy Industry Waste & its treatment
 
Drugs for cough
Drugs for coughDrugs for cough
Drugs for cough
 
L 1 introduction
L 1 introductionL 1 introduction
L 1 introduction
 
Cough suppressants & expectorants
Cough suppressants & expectorantsCough suppressants & expectorants
Cough suppressants & expectorants
 
Waste water management
Waste water managementWaste water management
Waste water management
 
Water treatment by demineralisation
Water treatment by demineralisationWater treatment by demineralisation
Water treatment by demineralisation
 

Similar to Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)

Unit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and efflunt
Unit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and effluntUnit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and efflunt
Unit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and effluntpascchemistry
 
Tannery industry (BE C)
Tannery industry (BE C)Tannery industry (BE C)
Tannery industry (BE C)Shubham Patil
 
common effluent treatment plant
common effluent treatment plantcommon effluent treatment plant
common effluent treatment plantJay Kumar
 
Lecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdf
Lecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdfLecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdf
Lecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdfkarthicks137
 
WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES
WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES
WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES Arun Sarasan
 
Wastewater Treatment Refineries
Wastewater Treatment Refineries Wastewater Treatment Refineries
Wastewater Treatment Refineries Ali Safaa97
 
Factors contributing to water pollution.pdf
Factors contributing to water pollution.pdfFactors contributing to water pollution.pdf
Factors contributing to water pollution.pdfSoundarVS
 
Presentation on Leather Industry
Presentation on Leather IndustryPresentation on Leather Industry
Presentation on Leather IndustryNiaz Memon
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Adane Nega
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Adane Nega
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Adane Nega
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Adane Nega
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Adane Nega
 
Dairy Effluent Treatment
Dairy Effluent TreatmentDairy Effluent Treatment
Dairy Effluent TreatmentJayeshDhoral
 
Recent advances in desizing, scouring and bleaching
Recent advances in desizing, scouring and bleachingRecent advances in desizing, scouring and bleaching
Recent advances in desizing, scouring and bleachingBahirdar University
 
2. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
2. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.20062. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
2. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Adane Nega
 

Similar to Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3) (20)

Unit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and efflunt
Unit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and effluntUnit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and efflunt
Unit 3- Pollution and treatment of tanner and efflunt
 
Dairy Industry
Dairy IndustryDairy Industry
Dairy Industry
 
Tannery industry (BE C)
Tannery industry (BE C)Tannery industry (BE C)
Tannery industry (BE C)
 
common effluent treatment plant
common effluent treatment plantcommon effluent treatment plant
common effluent treatment plant
 
Generation, Reduction, and Reuse of effluents and flue gases in Textile Indu...
Generation, Reduction, and Reuse  of effluents and flue gases in Textile Indu...Generation, Reduction, and Reuse  of effluents and flue gases in Textile Indu...
Generation, Reduction, and Reuse of effluents and flue gases in Textile Indu...
 
ETP.pdf
ETP.pdfETP.pdf
ETP.pdf
 
Lecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdf
Lecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdfLecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdf
Lecture 1 ETP Textile_verII.pdf
 
WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES
WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES
WASTE WATER TREATMENT REFINERIES
 
Wastewater Treatment Refineries
Wastewater Treatment Refineries Wastewater Treatment Refineries
Wastewater Treatment Refineries
 
Factors contributing to water pollution.pdf
Factors contributing to water pollution.pdfFactors contributing to water pollution.pdf
Factors contributing to water pollution.pdf
 
Presentation on Leather Industry
Presentation on Leather IndustryPresentation on Leather Industry
Presentation on Leather Industry
 
Etp plant
Etp plant Etp plant
Etp plant
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
 
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
Textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
 
Dairy Effluent Treatment
Dairy Effluent TreatmentDairy Effluent Treatment
Dairy Effluent Treatment
 
Recent advances in desizing, scouring and bleaching
Recent advances in desizing, scouring and bleachingRecent advances in desizing, scouring and bleaching
Recent advances in desizing, scouring and bleaching
 
2. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
2. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.20062. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
2. textile effluents dbt meeting 16.1.2006
 

More from Abhishek Rajput

Applications of environmental microbiology in industries
Applications of environmental microbiology in industriesApplications of environmental microbiology in industries
Applications of environmental microbiology in industriesAbhishek Rajput
 
Climate responsive tech
Climate responsive tech Climate responsive tech
Climate responsive tech Abhishek Rajput
 
Pulp & paper industry by abhishek
Pulp & paper industry by abhishekPulp & paper industry by abhishek
Pulp & paper industry by abhishekAbhishek Rajput
 
Economics of global_environmental_pollution
Economics of global_environmental_pollutionEconomics of global_environmental_pollution
Economics of global_environmental_pollutionAbhishek Rajput
 
Road development projects.
Road development projects.Road development projects.
Road development projects.Abhishek Rajput
 
Brain gain promoting research and innovation
Brain gain promoting research and innovationBrain gain promoting research and innovation
Brain gain promoting research and innovationAbhishek Rajput
 
Projections for future of solid waste mngmt
Projections for future of solid waste mngmtProjections for future of solid waste mngmt
Projections for future of solid waste mngmtAbhishek Rajput
 

More from Abhishek Rajput (12)

Brand audit of sx4
Brand audit of sx4Brand audit of sx4
Brand audit of sx4
 
Applications of environmental microbiology in industries
Applications of environmental microbiology in industriesApplications of environmental microbiology in industries
Applications of environmental microbiology in industries
 
Climate responsive tech
Climate responsive tech Climate responsive tech
Climate responsive tech
 
Textile industry
Textile industryTextile industry
Textile industry
 
Pulp & paper industry by abhishek
Pulp & paper industry by abhishekPulp & paper industry by abhishek
Pulp & paper industry by abhishek
 
Economics of global_environmental_pollution
Economics of global_environmental_pollutionEconomics of global_environmental_pollution
Economics of global_environmental_pollution
 
Road development projects.
Road development projects.Road development projects.
Road development projects.
 
Qm
QmQm
Qm
 
Brain gain promoting research and innovation
Brain gain promoting research and innovationBrain gain promoting research and innovation
Brain gain promoting research and innovation
 
Indoor air pollution
Indoor air pollutionIndoor air pollution
Indoor air pollution
 
Space Waste Management
Space Waste ManagementSpace Waste Management
Space Waste Management
 
Projections for future of solid waste mngmt
Projections for future of solid waste mngmtProjections for future of solid waste mngmt
Projections for future of solid waste mngmt
 

Recently uploaded

IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfDaniel Santiago Silva Capera
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfinfogdgmi
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemAsko Soukka
 
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPathCommunity
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXTarek Kalaji
 
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptxIntroduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptxMatsuo Lab
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesDavid Newbury
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELiveplex
 
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.YounusS2
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfAijun Zhang
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationIES VE
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8DianaGray10
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfDianaGray10
 
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Will Schroeder
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsSafe Software
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxGDSC PJATK
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopBachir Benyammi
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAshyamraj55
 

Recently uploaded (20)

IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
 
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
 
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptxIntroduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
 
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
 
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
 
20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
 

Study of waste water, discharged from tannery (3)

  • 2.      PROCESS OF TANNERY INDUSTRY. WASTE GENERATION POINTS. CHARACTERSTICS OF WASTE WATER, DISCHARGED FROM TANNERY INDUSTRY. TREATMENT SCHEMES FOR WASTE WATER. INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY.
  • 4. Preparatory stages Tanning and Crusting Surface coating
  • 5. The preparatory stages are when hide/skin is prepared for tanning.Many options for pretreatment of skin exist.Not all of the options may be performed.Preparatory stages may include: Preservation-the hide/skin is treated with a method which renders it temporarily. unputrescible.  Soaking-water for purpose of washing or rehydration is reintroduced.  Liming-unwanted proteins and “opening up” is achieved.
  • 6.       Unhairing-the majority of hair is removed. Fleshing-subcutaneous material is removed. Splitting-the hide/skin is cut into two or more horizontal layer. Reliming-the hide/skin is further treated to achieve more “opening up” or more protein removal. Deliming-liming & unhairing chemicals are removed this step. Bating-proteolytic proteins are introduced to the skin to remove further proteins and to assist with softening of the pelt.
  • 7.      Degreasing-natural fats/oils are stripped or as much as is possible from the hide skin. Frizing-physical removal of fat layer inside the skin. Bleaching-chemical modification of dark pigments to yield a lighter coloured pelt. Pickling-lowering of pH value to the acidic region. Must be done in presence of salt. Depickling-raising of the pH out of the acidic region.
  • 11.  Tanning is the process that converts the protein of the raw hide or skin into a stable material which will not putrefy and is suitable for a wide variety of end applications. Tanned material dries out to a flexible form. That does not become putrid when wetted back.
  • 12.  Crusting is when the hide/skin is thinned, retanned and lubricating often a coloring operation is included in the crusting sub process. The chemicals added during crusting have to be fixed in place. The culmination of the crusting sub process is the drying and softening operation.
  • 13.              For some leathers a surface coating is applied. Tanners refer to this as finishing. Finishing may include:Oiling Brushing Padding Spraying Roller coating Curtain coating Polishing Plating Embossing Ironing Combing Glazing
  • 15.          Maximum waste generation points in tannery industry are processes such as: Soaking:-generation of waste water. Unhairing:-waste generation. fleshing:-subcutaneous material waste generation. Splitting. Trimming. Bleaching. Bating. Deliming.
  • 17. pH 8.2-8.9 Alkalinity(mg/l) 2000-2700 Total BOD(mg/l) 2000-3100 Soluble BOD(mg/l) 1670-2600 Total COD(mg/l) 4500-7500 Soluble COD(mg/l) 25000-37000 Chlorine(mg/l) 10000-15000 Sulphates(mg/l) 1540-3300 Chromium(mg/l) 160-300
  • 18.     SOLIDS:-Solids to be found in tannery effluent fall into several distinct categories:SUSPENDED SOLIDS:-Quality of insoluble matter contained in waste water. SETTELEABLE SOLIDS:-Quantity of solids, having tandency of settle down. GROSS SOLIDS:-They are larger than a sampling machine can handle. ex-leather pieces,fleshing residue.
  • 19.     BOD:-Tanning waste have a long break down period,this longer digestion periods can apply to a variety of chemicals used in manufacturing leather. NITROGEN:-Nitrogen is contained in several different compounds:Total kjeldahl nitrogen:-Nitrogen contained in proteinaceous material(liming and unhairing) SULPHIDES:-Sulphide content is tannery effluent result from the use of sodium sulphide & sodium hydrosulphide.and the breakdown of hair in unhairing process.
  • 20.         NEUTRAL SALTS:-Two common types of salts are to be found in tannery effluent:Sulphates Chlorides OIL & GREASE:-During leather manufacture,natural oils and grease are released from within the skin. pH value:-acceptable limit ranges from 5.5 to 10.0. CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS:-Two forms of chrome are associated with the tanning industry :Chrome 3+(trivalent chrome) Chrome 6+(hexavalent chrome)
  • 22.  Most solids can be removed using simple sedimentation techniques with the solids recovered as slurry or sludge. Very fine solids and solids with densities close to the density of water pose special problems. In such case filtration may be required. Although flocculation may be used, using alum salts or the addition of polyelectrolysis.
  • 23.  Biodegradable organics material of plant or animal origin is usually possible to treat using extended conventional wastewater treatment processes such as activated sludge or trickling filters.
  • 24.  Activated sludge is a biochemical process for treating sewage and industrial waste that uses air(or oxygen) and micro-organisms to biological oxidize organic pollutants,producing a waste sludge(or floc) containing the oxidizing material.
  • 26.  A trickling filter process consists of bed of rocks,gravel,slag,peat moss or plastic media over which wastewater flows downwards and a contacts a layer of microbial slims covering the bed media.Aerobic conditions are maintained by forced air flowing through the bed or by natural convection air.The process involves adsorption of organic compounds in wastewater by the microbial slime layer, diffusion of air into the slime to provide the oxygen required for the biochemical oxidation of organic compounds .The end projects include carbon dioxide gas,water and other products of oxidation.As the slime layer thickness,it becomes the air to penetrate the layer and an inner anaerobic layer is formed.
  • 28.   TREATMENT OF OTHER ORGANICS:Synthetic organics material including solvents,paint,pharmaceuticals,pestri cides,cooking products and so forth can be very difficult to treat.Treatment methods are often specific to the material being treated.Methods include advanced oxidation processing,distillation,adsorbtion,vitr ification,incineration,chemical immobilisation or landfill disposal.
  • 29.     TREATMENT OF ACIDS & ALKALIS: Acids & alkalis can usually be neutralised under controlled conditions.neutralisation frequently produces a precipitate that will require treatment as a solid residue that may also be toxic.In some cases,gases may be evolved requiring treatment for the gas stream.Some other forms of treatment are usually required following neutralisation. OIL AND GREASE REMOVAL: Oil and grease can be recovered from open water surfaces by skimming devices.
  • 30.  Chromium, present in tannery effluent is removed by using chromium salts(chromium chloride as adsorbate) and cement kiln dust (a waste from white cement industry) as adsorbent.
  • 31. DEMONSTRATION OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT TANNERY EFFLUENT TREATMENT USING AN INNOVATIVE INTEGRATED AND COMPACT BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL TREATMENT PLANT 
  • 33.        A significant number of operations within a tannery are wet operations consuming large amounts of water, chemicals and energy and leading to large amounts of polluted water. Through “process integrated” measures a significant reduction of water consumption and pollution load can be achieved, however tanneries keep producing wastewater requiring special treatment. In cases where the potential for “process integrated” measures has worn out, further pollution reduction has to be found in the improvement of end-of-pipe measures.
  • 34.          Compared to Best Available Technology1 the following effluent quality performance is demonstrated: - better COD-removal efficiency (+ 5 to 10 %); - better Chromium removal efficiency (+ 5 to 10 %); - better Sulphur removal efficiency (+ 30 %); - equal Nitrogen removal. This all is being realised against lower total annual cost than in the BAT situation as a result of: - lower costs for sludge discharge (reduction sludge volume 50 % compared to BAT); - lower costs for discharging waste water to municipal treatment plant; - significantly lower chemical consumption.